Artificial stupidity


Codemotion Roma 2019-03-23

Your Host Today

@pinchito (Influencity)

What We Will Cover


Early AI


Coming of Age


Case Studies


Analysis


Conclusions

Why Me?


20+ years in the industry


Interested in the area since the 90s


Read a bunch of blog posts


Extremely muscular body

In Memoriam Sergio Leone

Roma 1929 - Roma 1989

Sad HIll Unearthed

Now on Netflix

Early AI

Pioneers



Quite Optimistic

Simon Ramo, 1966

In the literature (US)

In the Literature (EU)

Coming of Age

Chess


1997: Deep Blue defeats world champ Kasparov
A person was defeated by a machine!

Extra, Extra! Humans Defeated!


But were we?

Definitely human!

So rather: algorithm beats person

Automated Theorem Proving

Used widely in the industry

In the Literature (us)


In the Literature (Japan)


Case Studies


1: Robots

Industrial Robots

space Robots


BattleBots

Don't give them the kill switch!

You know software has bugs, don't ya?

Actual robots

Not so Intelligent


Not real bots

Not so versatile after all


It is probe or move apparently

Exo drives

Humans are great value after all

Why the emphasis on robots?


The robot myth has been used for centuries to discipline the workforce.

Workers might be replaced first by a steam machine, next by an industrial machine and now by an intelligent machine.

-- Antonio Casilli, 2019

2: Automatic Programming

Who reports bugs?


Just another tool
Let computers fix bugs!

Not a new thing


Being hearing about it forever

Grace Hopper helped invent high-level languages
She called it "automatic programming"

How to express requirements into machine language?
It is called "programming"

3: self-Driving car

Improvements are awesome

state of the art sensors

vs primate in metal box

Ape wins

Self-Driving Car Manufacturers

Waymo
GM
Nissan
BMW
Tesla
...
Seat?
Dacia?
Perodua??
Saipa???

Visionaires?


The automobile of the day-after-tomorrow will not be driven by the owner, but by itself.

It may be one day a serious offence to drive an automobile on a public highway

-- Arthur C Clarke, 1962

4: Deep learning


Using DeOldify by @JaviLopezG

Two Neurons (2004)

Alphazero


Beat Stockfish after 9 hours of training


The game of chess represented the pinnacle of AI research over several decades
-- DeepMind


Now on to StarCraft II with impressive results

Alphazero on your laptop?


Trained with 5000 + 64 tensor processing units (TPUs)


Running on 44 cores + 4 TPUs


Stockfish had quite weird settings

Not so astonishing?

The End of the Line?


I think we need to consider the hard challenges of AI and not be satisfied with short-term, incremental advances.

-- Yoshua Bengio

Realistically, deep learning is only part of the larger challenge of building intelligent machines.

-- Gary Marcus

Maximization

YouTube AI boosts "alternative" facts

The power of a neuron

Roughly equivalent to a complet neural network

We have ~100 billion neurons

5: Face Recognition


Pattern Recognition too!

Scrambled Images



Hard for a human, easy for an AI

"Bag of features" model

"Live" Demo


Thanks to César Jiménez  and Francisco Jesús Gómez

One pixel can fool a nn

One pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks

A tragedy in four acts

 

Jaywalking?

Easy to Misuse

Amazon recommends 99% accuracy at least

Too Many Giraffes?


Not easy to escape?

London: Police fine man £90 for hiding from face recognition

Analysis

Optimization Problems


AIs are great at optimizing multiple parameters in many-d

Everything becomes an optimization problem

Ethics are important

Politics as an Optimization problem


Maximize votes


Minimize inequality?


Maximize power?


Minimize dissent?

Philosophy as an optimization problem


Maximize coherence?


Minimize first principles?


What should we ask?

Religion as an optimization problem?


...


Don't even know where to start

Maximization of unfairness


Algorithms perpetuate systemic bias
Perpetuate unfairness

AI as tools


Employment

AI uprising

Conclusions


AI is awesome, but not that awesome


Using AIs is not a blank check


Think about what you are doing


Don't give AIs the kill switch

Thanks!

@pinchito