Black DH and a Challenge in Document Data Modeling

Anna Julia Cooper's Responses to the Survey of Negro College Graduates

  Elisa Beshero-Bondar          Shirley Moody-Turner
  DIGIT PC @ PS-Erie    Co-Director, #DigBlk @ PS-UP
  @epyllia @docmoodyturner

 


Link to these slides: bit.ly/ajc-defcon

Presentation for DEFCON 2022 Speaker Series

March 30, 2022, 3:30PM Eastern/12:30PM Pacific

Editing Anna Julia Cooper

  • Opportunities and constraints of print
    • Affordable, accessible edition
    • Large selection of materials for broad audience
    • Introduce 2 new "books"
       
  • Cooperian pedagogy arising
    • Teaching in the "machine age"
    • Students as collaborators
    • Student-led education as transformative
    • Structural/material conditions, i.e. funding and support
  • What does it mean to take seriously the vision, pedagogy, and practice of the people whose works we're recovering?
    • Sharing work beyond conventional boundaries
    • Engaging students in knowledge production
       
  • These insights drove collaborations/conversations with goal to address gendered discrepancy, make her work more accessible
    • Oberlin Archives --> UMASS Credo Project --> Howard's MSRC  

Photograph identified by Vivian May; Cover Art by Keebs Laurent;  C.M. Bell, photographer. Mrs. A.J. Cooper. [between February and December 1903], Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2016702852/>.

Anna Julia Cooper Digital Collection

Makini Johnson, Lopez Matthews, Shirley Moody-Turner, Adrena Ifill

Goals:

  • Cross Institutional Collaboration
  • Student Participation
  • Building Community
  • Foster Engagement 

https://dh.howard.edu/ajcooper/

Dr. Lopez Matthews organizes "Undisputed Dignity" symposium to launch the Anna Julia Cooper Digital Collection at Howard University

Student Work with the Digital Collection

https://bwoaproject.org/collections/cooper-reviews/

Research locating extant reviews of A Voice from the South conducted by Katie Warczak

Student Work with the Digital Collection: How to Address Complexities of Material Text?

Scrapbook reader was created by Jonathan Kosegi

https://bwoaproject.org/interactive/cooper-scrapbook-reader/

It is most unfortunate that this craze for speeding and top-notching should strike our educational programs. Youth is the time for growth—and growth, to be healthy, should be normal and without artificial forcing.

A machine age with its top-notch goal on mass production necessarily overrides the individual, sacrificing spiritual values as it throws open the throttle to “let her go” for all she’s worth!...Never mind about the scenery—just get there! a few hundredths of a second quicker, a few millimeters faster, a few feet higher…

Transcribe Cooper - Zooniverse Workshop, August 2019

Top Row Left: D'Angelo Bridges, Kevin Winstead, Jim Casey, Cliff Johnson, Justin Smith, Courtney Murray, Adrena Ifill, Shirley Moody-Turner, Kristin Moriah, Brandi Locke, Heather Froehlich, Eunice Toh, Sabrina Evans (not pictured: Sam Blinkhan)

Transcribe Cooper - Manifest

Created by the Penn State Douglass Day Zooniverse Student Team with Jim Casey

Transcribe Cooper - Zooniverse

Created by the Penn State Douglass Day Zooniverse Student Team with Jim Casey

From Digital Image  Transcription  Reconciled Text

 

Credits: Douglass Day 2020 - Transcribe Cooper Zooniverse Project, Transcriptions and Reconciled text by Jim Casey, Justin Smith

Digitized Image

Crowd Sourced

Transcription

Reconciled Text

Consultation between SM-T and EB-B in summer 2020. . .

AJC's response to a survey of Negro College Graduates in 1930

  • AJC's handwritten responses frequently exceed the formal boundaries of the printed survey form
  • Question 65 asks about her “racial philosophy” and provides four dotted lines for a response.
  • AJC’s response starts in the lines and continues on a back page of the survey.
  • Her response to this question is excerpted and published as an essay, without the context of the rest of the survey.

Some challenges of this document!

Document Data Modeling Challenge

 

  • How can text encoding model the interaction between the survey prompts and AJC's handwritten responses?
     
  • How much does AJC exceed the formal boundaries allotted for her responses?
     
  • What historical data about people, organizations, events is recorded in this document?

Text Encoding Assignment Series: October 2020

Class as a whole:

  • Has already been coding in simple XML
  • Anna Julia Cooper gives them a specific entry to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI XML)
  • Assignments to study the survey document and research the TEI Guidelines
    • TEI Guidelines: “specify encoding methods for machine-readable texts, chiefly in the humanities, social sciences and linguistics"

    • EB-B selects chapters of the Guidelines for students to review, introduce elements in class.

  • Students code portions of the survey for homework
    • whatever portions they can mostly read!
    • using the oXygen XML Editor with TEI-All
      • helps with syntax correction
      • suggests code, offers short explanations pulled from the TEI Guidelines

Text Encoding Assignment Series: October 2020

  • Student efforts as a class 
    • Class of 25 students submits variety of code responses
    • Some baffled, most attempting something
    • Multiple students explore the TEI Header
      • coding metadata about handDesc and typeDesc (to describe the "voice" of the survey questions vs. Cooper's handwriting)
    • Alice Rong's response makes lots of progress on coding the survey questions with their handwritten responses
  • Professor guidance and active input: ”senior editor role”: 
    • review, spot-correct, combine student transcripts of different sections
    • review the encoding decisions and combine them (decisions for organizing the document data)
    • discuss decision process with the class
    • prepare a project TEI schema: documents the rules of the project, guides future encoding

 Semester Project Options

 Semester Project Challenge

 

  •  Transcribe, Encode, Curate, Process, Re-mediate
     
  1. ​Transcribe, Encode, Curate the documents in TEI or your own XML
    • Document data modeling:  
      • structure significant data using markup
        • ​with your own XML markup and schema rules you define
        • or, with a TEI ODD customization building on class's start (AJC survey)
        • share code on GitHub repo
  2. ​Process, Re-mediate
    • Transform XML with XSLT into HTML (via GitHub Pages websites)
      • highlight project data and metadata
      • explore research questions with the data you marked
      • make design decisions to represent primary sources in web form
      • Markup to Reading View: XML => HTML as presentation and data format

Document data modeling for university students

 

 

 

 

  • No ready-made TEI example for this survey
  • Lots of small pieces to put together
  • Also a voice describing why college matters!

TEI Encoding Decisions

  • Main sections of the survey categorized with the <div1> element.
     
  • Survey questions and respective responses categorized with the <div2> and <ab> elements.
     
  • AJC's responses categorized with the <add> element.
     
  • AJC's deletions marked with the <del> element
    • AJC occasionally would cross-out, strike-through survey text.
       
  • People, places, and organizations marked with <persName>, <placeName>, and <orgName> respectively.

Notice:

  • AJC crosses out "Wife or" and capitalizes "Husband"

Survey Questions 13 and 14:
Cooper's edits to the survey

TEI Encoding of Questions 13 and 14: hierarchy of nested elements

<div1 type="section" n="I">
  ...
  <div2 type="question" n="13">
      <ab> 13. Do you own your home? <add hand="#AJC">Yes</add> Value of home <add
           hand="#AJC">18000</add> Other property owned <add hand="#AJC">Cottage in
           <placeName>Raleigh N.C.</placeName> 2 lots in 
           <placeName>upper mallboro Md.</placeName></add> Value 
           <add hand="#AJC">Uncertain, two or three thousand perhaps.</add>
      </ab>
  </div2>
  <div2 type="question" n="14">
      <ab> 14. <del hand="#AJC" rend="strikethrough">Wife or</del>
           <del hand="#AJC" rend="overwrite">h</del>Husband: Birthplace 
           <add hand="#AJC"><placeName>Nassau British W.I.</placeName></add> 
           Present occupation <add hand="#AJC">deceased</add>
           Education: (Draw circle around last grade completed) 
           <add hand="#AJC">Educated for
           Priest in the <orgName>Episcopal Church</orgName>.</add>
           <lb/>Grammar school---1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8; High school---1-2-3-4;
           College---1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 
           <lb rend="1-L"/>Of what college or professional school a
           graduate <add hand="#AJC"><orgName>St. Augustine's Divinity 
           School</orgName></add> Degree <add hand="#AJC" rend="2-L">Ordained Deacon 
           &amp; passed examinations for the priesthood under 
           <persName>Bishop Lyman Bp</persName> of <placeName>N.C.</placeName></add>
       </ab>
  </div2>
  ...
</div1>

Tables, Marks, Deletions, Gaps, and Overflow

  • TEI <table> element for tables in the survey
     
  • Various handwritten marks (e.g. checkmarks, underlines, arrows, etc.) are categorized with the <metamark> element
     
  • <gap> used for unreadable portions, including where photo cuts off at page edges.
     
  • <unclear> used for best effort to decipher difficult handwriting.
     
  • Overflow and continuation of answers in later pages: (difficult decisions!)
    • Organization by question rather than by page layout: Overflow answers on other pages are coded within the <div2> of a survey question.
    • <note> element to explain location of the overflow in the source.
    • @rend attribute to count lines provided by survey, and
      <lb/> element to indicate AJC’s line-beginnings. (inconsistent code!)

Questions 36-38 and a bit from 22:

Two instances of overflow and unreadable portions

  • top: overflow in upside-down writing!
  • bottom left: overflow from question 22 on previous page!
  • gaps from torn paper on left-hand side

 

TEI Encoding of Questions 36, 37, and 38: overflow, unclear, gap

<div2 type="question" n="36">
    <ab rend="1-L"> 36. How well did you do in college? <add hand="#AJC">Hardly a fair
        question for personal answer. I did my best &amp; <metamark
        rend="short-connecting-line"/><lb/><note resp="#ebb">Here AJC’s text flows
        upside-down along the top of the form</note> 4 Professors including
        <persName>Prest. Fairchild</persName> gave me letters rating me first in the
        class.</add>
    </ab>
</div2>
<div2 type="question" n="37">
    <ab rend="1-L"> 37. To what extent were you influenced by religious training,
        personalities or the religious atmosphere of your school? <add hand="#AJC">
        <lb/>I entered <orgName>Oberlin</orgName> a bigoted "Churchman". I left 
        not the slightest attempt at <unclear><supplied>proselyting</supplied>
        </unclear>. &amp; yet<gap reason="image cut off on right margin"/>
        <lb/>altho I continued to attend the little Episcopal Church religiously the
        breadth &amp; real catholicity of the 
        <lb/><orgName>Oberlin</orgName> spirit the friendly contacts
        &amp; wider study had the inevitable
        result which I consider humanizing of one's
        <lb/><gap reason="image cut off on left margin"/><supplied>"ch</supplied>
        <unclear><supplied>urchianity</supplied></unclear>." </add>
    </ab>
</div2>
<div2 type="question" n="38">
    <ab rend="3-L"> 38. What is your attitude toward educational methods of instruction
        in college? (Mention the strongest and weakest features? <add hand="#AJC">
        <lb/> Too broad to be answered in 2 lines. If the post was machine method of
        "tests &amp; measurements" to <lb/>Sting out the unfit prevails we never can
        tell what is to be done for the untalented plodder who <lb/>continues to want
        more. You may have your Loebs &amp; Leopolds &amp; reject Lindbergs. </add>
    </ab>
</div2>

Overflow from one page to another: Question 22

TEI Encoding of Question 22:
<supplied> and <note>

  

<div2 type="question" n="22">
  <ab rend="3-L"> 22. As you think of it now, do you regard your preparatory training,
    before college, as adequate or defective? i.e., What deficiencies or omissions in
    that period do you feel would be of value to you? Please comment briefly <add
    hand="#AJC"><lb/>Under <persName>Dr. J. <surname>Brinton
    Smith</surname></persName>, founder, I was made pupil teacher at the age of
    8, first for board &amp; tuition<gap reason="image cut off on right margin"/>
    <lb/>Teaching &amp; studying, married &amp; widowed in this <q>world</q> of a
    church school I think the preparation for c<supplied><note>words continue onto the 
    next page of the survey</note>ollege</supplied> <lb/>may pass as <q>good</q> for 
    the time in that I was admitted on examination with some praise to the
    Sophomore c<supplied><note>words continue onto the next page of the survey</note>lass 
    of Oberlin</supplied> <lb/>Entrance exams, in the Anabasis, the Iliad <abbr>Caes</abbr>
    <abbr>Cic</abbr><!--ebb: I think these are abbreviations for Caesar and Cicero, which 
    used to be taught a lot in a classics (ancient Greek/Roman literature) curriculum in 
    the late 19th-century.-->, Plane &amp; Solid Geometry <supplied><note>words continue 
    onto the next page of the survey</note> Passed.</supplied>
    <lb/>Conditioned in Trig. Mechanics, Physics, Hist. of Civilization <metamark
    rend="short-connecting-line"/><add place="below">&amp; Science of
    Government</add>, the Odyssey made up
    <unclear><supplied>in</supplied></unclear> one yea<supplied
    reason="image cut off on right margin">r <note>words continue onto the next page of 
    the survey</note> <unclear>to entrance conditions in</unclear>.</supplied></add>
  </ab>
</div2>

Cooper adds a row to a table in the survey

So much prosopography data...!

Code for Question 23 (scroll down for AJC's added row)

<div2 type="question" n="23">
  <ab> 23. College and Professional Training:</ab>
  <table rend="boxed" rows="6" cols="3">
    <row role="label">
      <cell><hi rend="italic">Institution</hi></cell>
      <cell><hi rend="italic">Period (give dates)</hi></cell>
      <cell><hi rend="italic">Diploma or degree</hi></cell>
    </row>
    <row n="1">
      <cell>1 <add hand="#AJC">
        <orgName>St. Aug. Normal &amp; Collegiate</orgName></add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">from early youth to 1881</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">None</add></cell>
    </row>
    <row n="2">
      <cell>2 <add hand="#AJC">
        <orgName>Oberlin</orgName></add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">Sept. '81 -- June '84</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">A.B.</add></cell>
    </row>
    <row n="3">
      <cell>3 <add hand="#AJC">
        <orgName>Oberlin</orgName> on 3 yrs. College Teaching</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">'84 --- '87</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">M.A</add></cell>
    </row>
    <row n="4">
      <cell>4 <add hand="#AJC"><orgName>Columbia</orgName> on 4 yrs graduate courses
            in S.S.</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">1914, 15, 16, 17</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC" rend="2-L">Guilde Internationale Paris
            S.S</add></cell>
    </row>
    <row rend="none">
      <!-- added by AJC, not originally part of surey -->
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">5 <orgName>Universite de Paris</orgName>, La
            Sorbonne</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC">1924 - '25. Residence &amp; thesis</add></cell>
      <cell><add hand="#AJC"><metamark rend="verticalLine"/> PHD.</add></cell>
    </row>
  </table>
</div2>

HTML / CSS view of Cooper's added table row

Blocking, layout, and design decisions for students:

Transformation: making a digital edition

  • Students care about meaningful design decisions!
  • Professor cares that the digital edition is more than a copy of the original! 
    • Make the metadata "pop":
      • named entities and their mentions in the survey
      • conditions of the paper/pointing out what's missing and unclear
    • Make the whole survey easy to navigate and read
    • Not a facsimile, not the original, not a “digital surrogate”,
    • Rather: a new, informative version designed to be shared widely.

XSLT to tabulate historical data, navigate the edition

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    exclude-result-prefixes="xs"
    xpath-default-namespace="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
    version="3.0">
    
    <xsl:output method="xhtml" encoding="utf-8" doctype-system="about:legacy-compat"
        omit-xml-declaration="yes"/>
    
    <xsl:template match="/">
        <html>
            <head>
                <title>Anna Julia Cooper Survey Answers</title>
                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webstyle.css"/>
            </head>
            <body>
                <div id="middle"> 
                    <div id="banner">
                        <h1>Anna Julia Cooper</h1>
                        <h2>Responses to the Survey of Negro College Graduates</h2>
                    </div>
                    <hr/>
                    <div id="menu">
                        <a href="index.html">Main</a> <a href="aboutSection.html">About</a>
                        <a href="AJC-output.html">Edition</a><a href="document.html">Original Document</a> <a href="originalCode.html">Source Code</a>
                        <a href="projectInfo.html">Project Information</a>
                    </div>
                    <hr/>
                    
                    <div id="content">
                        <br/>
                        <h1><xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::title[@type='main']"/></h1>
                        <h1><i><xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::title[@type='sub']"/></i></h1><!-- table for orgNames, persNames, and placeNames -->           
                        <section id="table">
                            <br/>
                            <h3>Information about People, Places, and Organizations Mentioned in Survey</h3>
                            <table>
                                <tr>
                                    <th>Question number</th>
                                    <th>People</th>
                                    <th>Organizations</th>
                                    <th>Places</th>
                                </tr>
                                <xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::div2[descendant::persName or descendant::orgName or descendant::placeName]" mode="table"/>
                            </table>
                        </section>
                        <xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::div1"/>
                        
                    </div>   
                    <div id="footer">
                        <p xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" class="license-text">This work   is licensed under <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0<img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/cc.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /><img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /><img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/nc.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /><img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/sa.svg?ref=chooser-v1" /></a> | GitHub code view: <a href="https://github.com/AliceR98/DIGIT-110-AJC-Survey">https://github.com/AliceR98/DIGIT-110-AJC-Survey</a></p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </body>
        </html>
    </xsl:template>
    
    
    
    <xsl:template match="div1">
        <section id="S{count(preceding-sibling::div1) + 1}">
            <h3><xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::head[1]"/></h3>
            <xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::div2"/>
        </section>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="div2" mode="table">
        <tr>
            <td>
                <a href="#Q{@n}"><xsl:value-of select="@n"/></a>      
            </td>
            <td>
                <xsl:value-of select="descendant::ab/add/persName | descendant::table/row/cell/add/persName => sort()" separator=", "/>
            </td>
            <td>
                <xsl:value-of select="descendant::ab/add/orgName | descendant::table/row/cell/add/orgName => sort()" separator=", "/>
            </td>
            <td>
                <xsl:value-of select="descendant::ab/add/placeName | descendant::table/row/cell/add/placeName => sort()" separator=", "/>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="div2">
        <div id="Q{count(preceding::div2) + 1}">
            <xsl:choose>
                <xsl:when test="ab">
                    <xsl:apply-templates/>   
                </xsl:when>
                <xsl:when test="table">
                    <xsl:apply-templates select="table"/>
                </xsl:when>
                <xsl:when test="list">
                    <div class="list"><xsl:apply-templates select="list"/></div>
                </xsl:when>
                <xsl:otherwise>
                    <xsl:apply-templates/>
                </xsl:otherwise>
            </xsl:choose> 
            <p class="top"><a href="#table">Back to table &#8593;</a></p>
        </div>     
        <br/>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="div3">
        <xsl:choose>
            <xsl:when test="ab">
                <xsl:apply-templates/>   
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:when test="table">
                <xsl:apply-templates select="table"/>
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:when test="list">
                <div class="list"><xsl:apply-templates select="list"/></div>
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:otherwise>
                <xsl:apply-templates/>
            </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose> 
    </xsl:template>

    <xsl:template match="table">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <xsl:for-each select="row[@role='label']/cell">
                    <th><xsl:apply-templates/></th>
                </xsl:for-each>
            </tr>
            <xsl:for-each select="row[@n]">
                <tr>
                    <xsl:for-each select="cell">
                        <td><xsl:apply-templates/></td>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                </tr>     
            </xsl:for-each>
            <xsl:if test="row[@rend='none']">
                <tr class="ajcAdd">
                    <xsl:for-each select="row[@rend='none']/cell">
                        <td class="ajcAdd"><xsl:apply-templates/></td>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                </tr>     
            </xsl:if>
        </table>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="list">
        <xsl:if test="descendant::head">
            <p><xsl:apply-templates select="descendant::head"/></p>
        </xsl:if>
        
        <ol type="a">
            <xsl:for-each select="item">    
                <li><xsl:apply-templates/></li>
            </xsl:for-each>
        </ol>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="add[@hand]">
        <ins class="hand"><xsl:apply-templates/></ins>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="metamark">
        <xsl:choose>
            <xsl:when test="@rend='checkmark'">
                <span class="meta">&#10003; </span>
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:otherwise>
                <xsl:apply-templates/>
            </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="note">
        <span class="note"><xsl:apply-templates/></span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="supplied[not(parent::unclear)]">
        <span class="supplied">
            <xsl:apply-templates/>
        </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="space">
        <span class="blank">&#160; </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="del">
        <del><xsl:apply-templates/></del>  
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="unclear">
        <span class="unclear"><xsl:apply-templates/></span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="gap">
        <span class="gap">
            <xsl:value-of select="@reason"/>
        </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="persName">
        <span class="persName">
            <xsl:apply-templates/>
        </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="placeName">
        <span class="placeName">
            <xsl:apply-templates/>
        </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="orgName">
        <span class="orgName">
            <xsl:apply-templates/>
        </span>
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="q">
        “<xsl:apply-templates/>”
    </xsl:template>
    
    <xsl:template match="hi">
        <xsl:choose>
            <xsl:when test="@rend='italic'">
                <i><xsl:apply-templates/></i>
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:when test="@rend='underline'">
                <u><xsl:apply-templates/></u>
            </xsl:when>
            <xsl:otherwise>
                <xsl:apply-templates/>
            </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

CSS for representing a readable edition

body {
background-color: #d6ebff;
font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

h1, h2, h3{
    font-family: Georgia, serif;
}

ol {
list-style-type: none;
display: inline-block;
    
}

h1 {
    line-height: 80%;
}

#S1, #S2, #S3 {
    line-height: 200%;
    font-family: Georgia, serif;
}

ins {
    font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, sans-serif;
    padding: 5px;
    border: 1.5px dashed;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#table table, #table th, #table td{
border: 1px solid #000066;    
padding: 5px;
vertical-align:top;
}

table, th, td{
border: 1.75px;
border-collapse: collapse;   
padding: 10px;
vertical-align:top;
}

table, th, td {
    border-style: solid;
}

td.ajcAdd {
    border-style: dashed;
    background-color: #d6d6d6;
}

.unclear {
    background: #ffc7c7;
}

.gap, .note {
    background-color: #d6d6d6;
    color: #c00;
    padding: 2px 5px 2px 5px;
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-family: "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", Palatino, serif;
}

.supplied {
    background-color: #fdf8a1;
}

.top {
    font-size: 70%;
    line-height: 70%;
    text-align: right;
}

.stdimg {
    display: block;
    width: 40%;
    margin: auto;
}

.AJC {
    display: block;
    width: 20%;
    margin: auto;
}

.center {
    display: block;
    width: 30%;
    margin: auto;
}


#banner {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 10px 0 0 0;
}

#banner h1 {
    font-family: "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", Palatino, serif;
    font-size: 3em;
    line-height: 0px;
}

#banner h2 {
    font-size: 1em;
    font-style: italic; 
}

#banner h1, #banner h2{
    color: indigo;
}

#menu {
padding: 0 0 0 5px;
height: 30px;
margin: 0px auto;
background: #27006b; 
}

#menu a {
vertical-align: baseline;
display: block;
float: left;
padding: 5px 10px 7px 10px;
text-decoration: none;
font-family: Georgia, serif;
text-align: center;
color: #ffffff;}

#menu a:hover{
    background: white;
    color: black;
    opacity: .8;
}

#middle{
    width: 1225px;
    margin: 0px auto;
    padding: 0 0 0 0px;
    background:#ffffff;
}

#content{
    width: 1100px;
    margin: 15px auto;
    
}

#footer {
height: 50px;
margin: 0px auto;
background: #27006b;
color: white;
}

#footer p{
    margin: 0px;
    padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
}
#footer a{
    color: #d6ebff;
}

Who was she? What's memorable about her from prepping this digital edition? 

What we learned about Anna Julia Cooper
 

”feisty, snarky, strong-willed, with an immense passion for education”

Remarkable passages of the survey, selected by Alice Rong:

What we learned...

  • Collaboration opens doors! Surprises and delights!
    • across campuses
    • among students and faculty
  • Students encountered Anna Julia Cooper's voice and her challenge to document data modeling
    • learned to read cursive handwriting
    • engaged in scholarly decision making
    • contributed to scholarly communities
    • helped make Anna Julia Cooper's writings navigable and accessible
  • How this project could continue:

C.M. Bell, photographer. Mrs. A.J. Cooper. [between February and December 1903] Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <https://www.loc.gov/item/2016702852/>.

Anna Julia Cooper Survey Document Modeling

By Elisa Beshero-Bondar

Anna Julia Cooper Survey Document Modeling

presentation for the 2021 Association for Computers and Humanities (ACH) Conference, also for the 2021 Keystone DH Conference.

  • 553