Classicism
& Faith
ARTS 1301, Unit 2
Ancient Greece
Idealized impact
Map of Ancient Greece
Map of Ancient Greece
Map of Ancient Greece
Map of Ancient Greece
Map of Ancient Greece
An Overview of Ancient Greece
Parthenon
Ictinus, Callicrates, & Phidias
Athens, Greece | 5th century BCE, Classical
Artist’s rendering of The Parthenon's facade
Artist’s rendering of The Parthenon atop the Acropolis in ancient Athens
Greek Column ‘Orders’ or Styles
Nike of Samothrace
190 BCE, Late Hellenistic
Doryphoros (The Spear Bearer)
Polykleitos
c. 450 BCE, Classical
Kouros
Unknown
c. 590-480 BCE
Archaic
Doryphoros
Polykleitos
c. 450 BCE
Classical
Apoxyomenos
Lysippos
c. 350-325 BCE
Late Classical
Raice Bronzes
c. 460-450 BCE, Classical
Lost Wax Casting
Laocoon
c. 150 BCE, Late Hellenistic
Polychromy in Classical Sculpture
Roman Art
Glory of the State
Italian Peninsula, c. 400 BCE
Portrait of a Boy
3rd century BCE, Estruscan
Simplified chart of the "Uncanny Valley" Phenomenon
The "Uncanny Valley" as experienced through AI
The Rise & Fall of Rome
Augustus of Primaporta
c. 20 BCE, Imperial
Trajan's Column
Rome, Italy
115 CE, Imperial
Pantheon
Rome, Italy
125 CE, Imperial
View of the 'spotlight' effect within the Pantheon
Byzantine Art
Rise of Christendom
The Rise & Fall of Rome
Map of Constantine's path to becoming Emperor
Spread of Christianity
Post-Constantine
Santa Costanza
Rome, Italy | c. 354 CE, Imperial, Constantinian
Interior of Santa Costanza showing the interior barrel vault
Floor plan & elevation of Santa Costanza
A politically, culturally, & religiously divided Rome
The Great Schism of Christianity
Hagia Sophia
Istanbul, Turkey | 533-537 CE, Early Byzantine, Justinian
Artist's rendering of Old St. Peter's Basilica
Interior of Hagia Sophia
Drawing of the Old St. Peter's Basilica Interior
Floor plan of Hagia Sofia (w/ Santa Costanza overlay)
Theodora & Her Attendants | San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy | c. 547 CE, Early Byzantine, Justinian
Mosaic of Justinian opposite of Theodora's within the church
Example of Roman naturalistic art
The Deësis Mosaic
Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey | 13th century CE
Detail of Deësis Mosaic showing evolution of Byzantine style
Islamic Art
Rapid cosmopolitan expansion
Hadith Frequently Quoted to Justify Violence:
Paradise is under the shadow of the swords.
In Full Context:
Do not look for a fight with the enemy. Beg God for peace and security. But if you do end up facing the enemy, then show endurance and remember that Paradise is under the shadow of the swords.
-Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, 9th century CE, from Sahih al-Muslim
"Jihad" (جهاد) translates to "striving to achieve a goal"
Quranic Definition: Striving with one’s self and one’s money in the cause of God
If they leave you alone, refrain from fighting you, and offer you peace, then God gives you no excuse to fight them
-The Qur'an, An-Nisa 4.90
Expansion of the Islamic World
The Islamic Empire in 750 CE
Qubbat As-Sakhrah (قبة الصخرة)
a.k.a. "The Dome of the Rock"
Jerusalem, West Bank | c. 680-691 CE, Umayyad Caliphate
Cross-Section of Quabbat As-Sakhrah Interior
The Ka'aba, Al-Masjid al-Haram, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Mosaic Mihrab
Isfahan, Persia
c. 1354 CE, Sarbedaran
Example of a full qibla wall with minbar & mihrab
Example of Arabic calligraphy
Symbols & logos using Arabic calligraphy
'Basmala' in Tuluth script
Al Jazeera logo
Emirates Airlines logo
'Basmala' in simple calligraphy
Umayyad Mosque
a.k.a. The Great Mosque of Damascus
Damascus, Syria | 705-716 CE, Umayyad Caliphate
Aerial View of the Umayyad Mosque
Panoramic views of the Umayyad Mosque Courtyard
Example of a Hypostyle Spaces
Interior of a mosque in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Architectural Concept
Umayyad Mosque Interior
Mosque of Córdoba
Córdoba, Spain | 784-987 CE, Abbasid/Córdoba
Expansion of the Mosque of Córdoba over time
Phase 5
Phase 4
Phase 3
Phase 2
Phase 1
Phase 6
Street-level view of the Mosque of Córdoba
Courtyard of the Mosque of Córdoba
Interior of the Mosque of Córdoba
Qibla wall of the Mosque of Córdoba (minbar out of frame)
Mihrab of the Mosque of Córdoba
Gilded dome above the qibla wall
Evidence of cultural shifts inside the Mosque of Córdoba
Baroque chapel installed in the center of the former mosque
Baroque chapel installed in the center of the former mosque
