The History of Information Graphics
Lesson 7
- dots, lines and bars
Preludes
Early concepts of coordinates
Eratosthenes of Cyrene (276BC–196BC) - latitude-longitude
Anonymous - De cursu per zodiacum, appendix to Macrobius' commentary to Cicero's Sloemnis Scipionis, ca. 950
Nicole Oresme (1325–1382) - Latitude of forms (proto bar charts), ca. 1350
Johannes Stabius (1450–1522) - Astrolabium Imperatorum, 1515, Vienna, Albertina
Graphs
Pierre de Fermat
René Descartes
Frans van Schooten
La Géometrie
1637
Michael van Langren - the first abstract statistical graph, 1644
Nicolaus Cruquius -
Observationes Accuratae Captae, 1724
Philippe Buache - The Water Levels of the Seine, 1770
Christian Gottlieb Poetzsch - Thousand years of floods, 1784
Charles de Fourcroy, 1782
August Wilhelm Crome, 1785
William Playfair, 1786, 1789, 1801
William Playfair, 1786, 1789, 1801
19. century
Charles-Joseph Minard, stacked "area" chart, 1825
Charles-Joseph Minard, stacked bar chart, 1844
Stepped line graph
André-Michel Guerry, histogram and polar chart, 1829
William Farr, rose diagram, 1852
Florence Nightingale's rose/polar chart, 1858