Domain-Driven Design and

API Platform 3

@matarld
@chalas_r

Mathias Arlaud

@matarld
mtarld
les-tilleuls.coop

Robin Chalas

@chalas_r
les-tilleuls.coop
chalasr

DDD is not prescriptive.​

Mathias Verraes - What is Domain Driven Design

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@chalas_r

DDD ≠ RAD

“Domain-Driven Design is not a fast way to build software.​

William Durand - DDD with Symfony 2: Making things clear

However, it is able to ease your life when you have to deal with complex business expectations​.”

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└──   src
      ├──   Provider
      │
      ├──   Processor
      │
      ├──   Entity
      │     └──   Book.php
      │
      └──   Repository
            └──   BookRepository.php

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Directory structure

Directory structure

Directory structure

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└──   src
      └──   BookStore
            ├──   Application
            │     ├──   Command
            │     │     ├──   DiscountBookCommand.php
            │     │     └──   DiscountBookCommandHandler.php
            │     └──   Query
            ├──   Domain
            │     ├──   Model
            │     │     └──   Book.php
            │     └──   Repository
            │           └──   BookRepository.php
            └──   Infrastructure
                  ├──   ApiPlatform
                  └──   Doctrine

Directory structure

Directory structure

Directory structure

Domain

Models, Value objects, Events, Repositories

Application

Application services, DTOs, Commands, Queries

Infrastructure

Controllers, Databases, Caches, Vendors
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Hexagonal architecture

Domain integrity is preserved

Code is more testable

Technological decisions can be deferred

Domain is agnostic to the outside world

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Hexagonal architecture

GET /books
GET /books/cheapests
PATCH /books/{id}
DELETE /books/{id}
POST /books/anonymize
POST /books/{id}/discount
[...]
namespace App\BookStore\Domain\Model;

final class Book
{
    public readonly BookId $id;

    public function __construct(
        public BookName $name,
        public BookDescription $description,
        public Author $author,
        public Price $price,
    ) {
        $this->id = new BookId();
    }
}
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@chalas_r

Reading is dreaming with open eyes...

namespace App\BookStore\Domain\Model;

final class Book
{
    public readonly BookId $id;

    public function __construct(
        public BookName $name,
        public BookDescription $description,
        public Author $author,
        public Price $price,
    ) {
        $this->id = new BookId();
    }
}

11 warnings
7  errors
#[ApiResource(operations: [
    new Get(),
    new Post('/books/{id}/discount'),
])]
final class Book
{
    public function __construct(
        #[Groups(['book:create'])]
        #[Assert\NotBlank]
        public ?BookId $id = null;
        
        #[Groups(['book:create', 'book:update'])]
        #[Assert\Positive]
        public ?Price $price = null,

        // ...
    ) {
        $this->id = $id ?? new BookId();
    }
}
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@chalas_r

Simple as sugar cookies?

namespace App\BookStore\Infrastructure\ApiPlatform\Resource;

#[ApiResource(operations: [new Get(), new Post('...')])]
final class BookResource
{
    public function __construct(
        #[ApiProperty(identifier: true)]
        #[Groups(['book:create'])]
        #[Assert\NotBlank]
        public ?Uuid $id = null;

        // ...
    ) {
    }
}
namespace App\BookStore\Domain\Model;

final class Book
{
    public readonly BookId $id;

    public function __construct(
        public BookName $name,
        public BookDescription $description,
        public Author $author,
        public Price $price,
    ) {
        // ...
    }
}

Model

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From API Platform to the Domain

API Resource

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The Application Layer

Command/Query bus

Application layer
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Command/Query pattern

Model

Domain layer

API resource

Infrastructure layer
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Find the

cheapest books.​

Use case #1
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Query and QueryHandler

namespace App\BookStore\Application\Query;

final class FindCheapestBooksQueryHandler
{
  public function __construct(
      private BookRepositoryInterface $bookRepository
  ) {
  }

  public function __invoke(FindCheapestBooksQuery $query)
  {
    return $this->bookRepository
      ->withCheapestsFirst()
      ->withPagination(1, $query->size);
  }
}

QueryHandler

namespace App\BookStore\Application\Query;

final class FindCheapestBooksQuery
{
    public function __construct(
        public readonly int $size = 10,
    ) {
    }
}

Query

GET /books/cheapest
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API Platform providers

FindCheapestBooksQuery
Provider
new GetCollection('/books/cheapest')

Operation

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@chalas_r

Let's hold the query in the operation!

API Platform providers

GET /books/cheapest
FooProvider
CheapestBooksProvider
BarProvider
new QueryOperation(
 '/books/cheapest',
 FindCheapestBooksQuery::class,
)

"Query" operation

new GetCollection('/books/cheapest')

Operation

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@chalas_r

Can we

do better?​

Spoiler: yes
@matarld
@chalas_r

Let's hold the provider in the operation!

Providers - the new way

GET /books/cheapest
FooProvider
CheapestBooksProvider
BarProvider
new GetCollection(
 '/books/cheapest',
 provider: CheapestBooksProvider::class,
)

Operation

new GetCollection('/books/cheapest')

Operation

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Domain

Query providers' content

namespace App\BookStore\Infrastructure\ApiPlatform\State\Provider;

final class CheapestBooksProvider implements ProviderInterface
{
  /** @return list<BookResource> */
  public function provide(...): object|array|null
  {
    /** @var iterable<Book> $models */
    $models = $this->queryBus->ask(new FindCheapestBooksQuery());

    $resources = [];
    foreach ($models as $m) {
      $resources[] = BookResource::fromModel($m);
    }

    return $resources;
  }
}

Appli

Infra

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Applying

a discount.​

Use case #2
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Command and CommandHandler

namespace App\BookStore\Application\Command;

final class DiscountBookCommandHandler
{
  public function __construct(
    private BookRepositoryInterface $bookRepository,
  ) {
  }

  public function __invoke(DiscountBookCommand $command)
  {
    // my super complex logic
  }
}

CommandHandler

namespace App\BookStore\Application\Command;

final class DiscountBookCommand
{
    public function __construct(
        public readonly Uuid $id,
        public readonly int $amount,
    ) {
    }
}

Command

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Processors - the new way

POST /books/{id}/discount
DiscountBookProcessor
new Post(
  '/books/{id}/discount',
  input: DiscountBookPayload::class,
  provider: BookItemProvider::class,
  processor: DiscountBookProcessor::class,
)

Operation

new Post(
  '/books/{id}/discount',
  input: DiscountBookPayload::class,
  provider: BookItemProvider::class,
)

Operation

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Domain

Command processors' content

namespace App\BookStore\Infrastructure\ApiPlatform\State\Provider;

final class DiscountBookProcessor implements ProcessorInterface
{
  /**
   * @var DiscountBookPayload $data
   * @return BookResource
   */
  public function process(...): mixed
  {
    $this->commandBus->dispatch(new DiscountBookCommand(
      id: $context['previous_data']->id,
      discountPercentage: $data->discountPercentage,
    ));
    
    $model = $this->queryBus->ask(new FindBookQuery($command->id));

    return BookResource::fromModel($model);
  }
}

Appli

Infra

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Subscribing to

new books.​

Use case #3
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Bounded contexts

Subscription
BookStore
Payment

Hexagonal

RAD

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RAD API Platform CRUD

namespace App\Subscription\Entity;

#[ApiResource(operations: [new GetCollection(), new Post()])]
#[ORM\Entity]
class Subscription
{
    public function __construct(
        #[ApiProperty(identifier: true)]
        #[ORM\Id]
        #[ORM\Column(type: 'uuid', unique: true)]
        public ?Uuid $id = null,

        #[Assert\NotBlank(groups: ['create'])]
        #[Assert\Email(groups: ['create', 'Default'])]
        #[ORM\Column(name: 'name', nullable: false)]
        public ?string $email = null,
    ) {
    }
}
@matarld
@chalas_r
├──   BookStore
│   ├──   Application
│   │   ├──   Command
│   │   │   ├──   CreateSubscriptionCommand.php
│   │   │   ├──   CreateSubscriptionCommandHandler.php
│   │   │   ├──   DiscountBookCommand.php
│   │   │   ├──   DiscountBookCommandHandler.php
│   │   │   └── ...
│   │   └──   Query
│   │       ├──   FindBookQuery.php
│   │       ├──   FindBookQueryHandler.php
│   │       ├──   FindCheapestBooksQuery.php
│   │       ├──   FindCheapestBooksQueryHandler.php
│   │       └── ...
│   ├──   Domain
│   └──   Infrastructure
└──   Subscription
├──   BookStore
│   ├──   Application
│   ├──   Domain
│   │   ├──   Model
│   │   │   ├──   Book.php
│   │   │   └──   Subscription.php
│   │   └──   Repository
│   │       ├──   BookRepositoryInterface.php
│   │       └──   SubscriptionRepositoryInterface.php
│   └──   Infrastructure
└──   Subscription
├──   BookStore
└──   Subscription
    └──   Entity
        └──   Subscription.php
├──   BookStore
│   ├──   Application
│   ├──   Domain
│   └──   Infrastructure
│       └──   ApiPlatform
│           ├──   Payload
│           │   └──   DiscountBookPayload.php
│           ├──   Resource
│           │   └──   BookResource.php
│           └──   State
│               ├──   Processor
│               │   ├──   AnonymizeBooksProcessor.php
│               │   └──   DiscountBookProcessor.php
│               └──   Provider
│                   ├──   BookItemProvider.php
│                   └──   CheapestBooksProvider.php
└──   Subscription

Wrap it up

Domain

Application

Infrastructure

RAD

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Wrap it up

Business hexagonal

#[ApiResource(
  operations: [
    new GetCollection(
      '/books/cheapest',
      provider: CheapestBooksProvider::class,
    ),
    new Post(
      '/books/{id}/discount',
      input: DiscountBookPayload::class,
      provider: BookItemProvider::class,
      processor: DiscountBookProcessor::class,
    ),
  ],
)]
final class BookResource

Hexagonal business

RAD CRUD

#[ApiResource(
  operations: [new Get(), new Post()],
)]
final class Subscription


@matarld
@chalas_r

And it just works!

Thanks!

https://github.com/mtarld/apip-ddd

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@chalas_r
@coopTilleuls