Disclaimer

Students should use their textbooks, syllabus, and Airman Certification Standards (ACS) as their primary sources of information. EcFlight is an online training tool designed to simplify and enhance your ground school learning experience. However, it is not a substitute for FAA- or school-approved study materials. Before using these slides for study, always refer to your officially approved resources, such as the Jeppesen physical or electronic book and other FAA-approved materials.

Reference Books 

• ADMINISTRATION, FEDERAL AVIATION. AIRPLANE FLYING HANDBOOK 2019: Faa-h-8083-3b. 2019. 

• Instrument Commerical Syllabus. 2016.

Reference Media

• https://twitter.com/AOPA/status/1178656071122112512
• https://pixabay.com/photos/military-human-vehicle-3241404/
• https://www.aopa.org/training-and-safety/online-learning/safety-advisors-and-safety-briefs/emergency-procedures
• https://pixabay.com/photos/air-show-pyrotechnics-military-jet-618731/
• https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2019/november/flight-training-magazine/engine-out
• https://pixabay.com/photos/airplane-wing-blue-sky-puffy-4580556/
• https://www.flyingmag.com/technique/tip-week/limit-bank-angle-pattern/
• https://www.artmajeur.com/en/roland-bouvier/artworks/11635043/mayday-1-jpg

Emergency Descent 

Objective

An emergency descent is a maneuver used to descend as rapidly as possible to a lower altitude. The need for this maneuver may result from an uncontrollable fire, a sudden loss of cabin pressurization, or any other situation demanding an immediate and rapid descent.

Procedure

2

4

1

3

Clear the area for traffic and advise intentions on the proper frecuency.

Reduce the power to idle.

Extending flaps and landing gear will increase descend rate without increasing airspeed. Do not exceed Vne, VFe or  VLe.

Use a steep bank angle while descending to reduce the vertical component of lift and increase the rate of descent.

Emergency Approach and Landing

Objective

• In the event of engine failure and a forced landing, the priority of any pilot should be to remain calm and FLY THE AIRPLANE. Survival rates favor those pilots who maintain their composure and know how to apply the recommended procedures and techniques that have been developed throughout the years.

Procedure

1

2

3

4

Establish the best glide speed for the particular airplane. Look for a suitable landing site and judge gliding distance and possible terrain hazards such as powerline, trees, etc. 

If enough altitude and time are available, run memory items to try to restart the engine and continue flying the airplane.

Unlock the doors and shut off the airplane before landing to exit the aircraft as soon as possible in the event of a forced landing.

Based on wind direction, establish a proper glide path to the selected landing site. Avoid extending flaps and gear if the selected landing spot is not within reach yet.

An in-flight fire demands immediate and decisive action. The pilot, therefore, must be familiar with the procedure outlined to meet this emergency in the POH for the particular airplane.

C 172 M & Sp

Piper Arrow

Partial Power Loss

• In the event of a partial power loss, the pilot will have more time to react since the thurst still being generated will serve to extend the gliding distance.

• Maintain best glide speed, and use the available time to take the checklist out and try to troubleshoot the problem.

• Anticipate and off-airport landing at all times and be aware that a partial power loss can lead to a full engine failure.

Checklists

• While an open door does not compromise airplane control, it is possible that airplane control will become more difficult. If such a condition should occur it may be necessary to increase airspeed in all phases of flight in order to guarantee a safe landing.

• In pressurized aircraft, pilots should be more cautious since explosive decompressions can occur. Always refer to the appropriate airplane flying manual for more information.

• Advise ATC of the issue so they can try to clear traffic away from you, and land as soon as practicable.

Assymetrical Flap Extension

An asymmetric “split” flap situation is one in which one flap deploys or retracts while the other remains in position. The problem is indicated by a pronounced roll toward the wing with the least flap deflection when wing flaps are extended/retracted. Try retracting flaps if any control is available.

Considerations

• The approach to landing with a split flap condition should be flown at a higher than normal airspeed. The pilot should not risk an asymmetric stall and subsequent loss of control by flaring excessively.

• The pilot should not attempt to land with a crosswind from the side of the deployed flap because the additional roll control required to counteract the crosswind may not be available.

Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

FAR's (§91.205) only require you to carry flotation gear and a signaling device during certain overwater commercial operations. However, it is highly recommended that you include several other essential survival items in the event of an emergency.