Python程式設計

score1 = 100    # 第一位學生
score2 = 79
score3 = 60
score4 = 75     # 第二位學生
....
score150 = 88   # 第五十位學生

串列名稱 = [元素1, 元素2, 元素3..., 元素N]

scores = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  # 整數串列
menu = ['拿鐵', '美式', '卡布奇諾']  # 字串串列
cart = ['Python筆記本', 500.0, 3 ] # 混合各種型別
enroll = []      # 空串列, 例如活動報名一開始未有名單

# ch6_1.py
james = [23, 19, 22, 31, 18]                # 定義james串列
print("列印james串列", james)
James = ['Lebron James',23, 19, 22, 31, 18] # 定義James串列
print("列印James串列", James)
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']      # 定義fruits串列
print("列印fruits串列", fruits)
cfruits = ['蘋果', '香蕉', '橘子']          # 定義cfruits串列
print("列印cfruits串列", cfruits)
ielts = [5.5, 6.0, 6.5]                     # 定義IELTS成績串列
print("列印IELTS成績", ielts)
# 列出串列資料型態
print("串列james資料型態是: ",type(james))

name_list = [23, 18, 22, 31, 18]
print(name_list[0])      # 印出第一個元素(編號0)

menu = ['拿鐵', '美式', '卡布奇諾']  # 字串串列
cart = ['Python筆記本', 500.0, 3 ] # 混合各種型別
print(menu[-1])     # 從後算起第1個
print(cart[-2])     # 從後算起第2個    

# ch6_2.py
james = [23, 19, 22, 31, 18]                # 定義james串列
print("列印james第1場得分", james[0])
print("列印james第2場得分", james[1])
print("列印james第3場得分", james[2])
print("列印james第4場得分", james[3])
print("列印james第5場得分", james[4])

串列名稱[start:end]

# name_list為某串列變數名稱
name_list[start:end]      # 從start到n-1
name_list[:n]             # 取得前n個（0～n-1）
name_list[n:]             # 取得n到串列最後
name_list[-n:]            # 取得串列後n個
name_list[:]              # 取得所有元素（複製）

# ch6_3.py
warriors = ['Curry', 'Durant', 'Iquodala', 'Bell', 'Thompson']
first3 = warriors[:3]
print("前3名球員",first3)
n_to_last = warriors[1:]
print("球員索引1到最後",n_to_last)
last3 = warriors[-3:]
print("後3名球員",last3)

# ch6_4.py
warriors = ['Curry', 'Durant', 'Iquodala', 'Bell', 'Thompson']
print("最後一名球員",warriors[-1])
james = [23, 19, 22, 31, 18]
print("最後一場得分",james[-1])
mixs = [9, 20.5, 'DeepStone']
print("最後一筆元素",mixs[-1])

# ch6_5.py
james = [23, 19, 22, 31, 18]       # 定義james的5場比賽得分
print("最高得分 = ", max(james))
print("最低得分 = ", min(james))
print("得分總計 = ", sum(james))

# ch6_7.py
james = [23, 19, 22, 31, 18]        # 定義james的5場比賽得分
games = len(james)                  # 獲得場次數據    
print("經過 %d 比賽最高得分 = " % games, max(james))
print("經過 %d 比賽最低得分 = " % games, min(james))
print("經過 %d 比賽得分總計 = " % games, sum(james))

scores = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  # 整數串列
print('修改前', scores[2]) # 指定元素序號2(第3個元素)
scores[2] = 100
print('修改後', scores[2])

# ch6_10.py
cars1 = ['Toyota', 'Nissan', 'Honda']
print("舊汽車銷售品牌", cars1)
cars2 = ['Audi', 'BMW']
cars1 += cars2
print("新汽車銷售品牌", cars1)

# ch6_11.py
num1 = [1, 3, 5]
num2 = [2, 4, 6]
num3 = num1 + num2           # 字串為主的串列相加
print(num3)

# ch6_12.py
cars = ['toyota', 'nissan', 'honda']
nums = [1, 3, 5]
carslist = cars * 3           # 串列乘以數字
print(carslist)
numslist = nums * 5           # 串列乘以數字
print(numslist)   

# name_list是某串列變數
del name_list[i]                # 刪除索引i的串列元素
del name_list[start:end]        # 刪除start到end-1的串列元素
del name_list[start:end:step]   # 刪除start到end-1之間，每隔step位置的元素
del name_list                   # 刪除整個串列

# ch6_14.py
warriors = ['Curry', 'Durant', 'Iquodala', 'Bell', 'Thompson']
print("2018年初NBA勇士隊主將陣容", warriors)
del warriors[3]                 # 不明原因離隊
print("2018年末NBA勇士隊主將陣容", warriors)

# ch6_16.py
cars = ['Toyota', 'Nissan', 'Honda']
print("cars串列長度是 = %d" %  len(cars))
if len(cars) != 0:
    del cars[0]
    print("刪除cars串列元素成功")
    print("cars串列長度是 = %d" % len(cars))
else:
    print("cars串列內沒有元素資料")
nums = []
print("nums串列長度是 = %d" % len(nums))
if len(nums) != 0:
    del nums[0]
    print("刪除nums串列元素成功")
else:
    print("nums串列內沒有元素資料")

scores = [60, 70, 80]  # 整數串列
print(scores[0])     
print(scores[1])
print(scores[2])  

scores = [60, 70, 80]  # 整數串列
print((scores[0] + scores[1] + scores[2]) / 3)

scores = [60, 70, 80]  # 整數串列
print( (scores[0]+scores[1]+ scores[2]) / len(scores) )

# 呼叫供物件使用的函數
物件.方法()  

# ch6_17.py
strN = "DeepStone"             # strN為「字串物件」
strU = strN.upper( )           # 改成大寫
strL = strN.lower( )           # 改成小寫
strT = strN.title( )           # 改成第一個字母大寫其他小寫
print("大寫輸出:",strU,"\n小寫輸出:",strL,"\n第一字母大寫:",strT)

# ch6_18.py
strN = " DeepStone "
strL = strN.lstrip( )       # 刪除字串左邊多餘空白
strR = strN.rstrip( )       # 刪除字串右邊多餘空白
strB = strN.lstrip( )       # 先刪除字串左邊多餘空白
strB = strB.rstrip( )       # 再刪除字串右邊多餘空白
strO = strN.strip( )        # 一次刪除頭尾端多餘空白
print("/%s/" % strN)
print("/%s/" % strL)
print("/%s/" % strR)
print("/%s/" % strB)
print("/%s/" % strO)

# 列出物件有哪些方法可以使用
dir(物件名稱)

subjects = ['國文', '英文', '數學']
index = subjects.index('國文') # '國文'在串列第一次出現的位置,從0起算
print(index)

# ch6_29.py
cars = ['toyota', 'nissan', 'honda']
search_str = 'nissan'
i = cars.index(search_str)
print("所搜尋元素 %s 第一次出現位置索引是 %d" % (search_str, i))
nums = [7, 12, 30, 12, 30, 9, 8]
search_val = 30
j = nums.index(search_val)
print("所搜尋元素 %s 第一次出現位置索引是 %d" % (search_val, j))

scores = [80, 78, 60, 83, 60]
print(scores.count(60))
print(scores.count(90))

# ch6_31.py
cars = ['toyota', 'nissan', 'honda']
search_str = 'nissan'
num1 = cars.count(search_str)
print("所搜尋元素 %s 出現 %d 次" % (search_str, num1))
nums = [7, 12, 30, 12, 30, 9, 8]
search_val = 30
num2 = nums.count(search_val)
print("所搜尋元素 %s 出現 %d 次" % (search_val, num2))

list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]  # 元素0～5
list1.append("新元素")  # 加在串列最後
print(list1[6])        # 印出"新元素"
print(len(list1))      # list1的長度: 7

串列.append(元素值)

串列.insert(索引值,元素值)

list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]  # 元素0～5
list1.insert(3, "新元素")# 加在索引值位置
print(list1[3])        # 印出"新元素"
print(len(list1))      # list1的長度: 7

# ch6_20.py
cars = []     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
cars.append('Honda')
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
cars.append('Toyota')
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
cars.append('Ford')
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)

# ch6_21.py
cars = ['Honda','Toyota','Ford']     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
print("在索引1位置插入Nissan")
cars.insert(1,'Nissan')
print("新的串列內容 = ",cars)
print("在索引0位置插入BMW")
cars.insert(0,'BMW')
print("最新串列內容 = ",cars)

list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]  # 元素0～5
n = list1.pop(2)      # list1=[1,2,4,5,6]
n = list1.pop()       # list1=[1,2,,4,5]

串列.pop(索引值)
串列.pop()  # 移除最後元素

del 串列[索引值]
del 串列[開始,終止,間隔]

list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]  # 元素0～5
del list1[1]           
print(list1)           # [1, 3, 4, 5, 6]
list2 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]  # 元素0～5
del list2[1:5:2]       # 刪除索引值1,3
print(list2)           # [1, 3, 5, 6]

# ch6_23.py
cars = ['Honda','bmw','Toyota','Ford','bmw']     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
print("使用remove( )刪除串列元素")
expensive = 'bmw'
cars.remove(expensive)            # 刪除第一次出現的元素bmw
print("所刪除的內容是: " + expensive.upper( ) + " 因為太貴了" )
print("新的串列內容",cars)

串列.remove(元素值)

# ch6_22.py
cars = ['Honda','Toyota','Ford','BMW']     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
print("使用pop( )刪除串列元素")
popped_car = cars.pop( )          # 刪除串列末端值
print("所刪除的串列內容是 : ", popped_car)
print("新的串列內容 = ",cars)
print("使用pop(1)刪除串列元素")
popped_car = cars.pop(1)          # 刪除串列索引為1的值
print("所刪除的串列內容是 : ", popped_car)
print("新的串列內容 = ",cars)

list1 = [40, 30, 80, 70, 50]
list1.sort()
print(list1)

串列.sort() #由小到大

串列.reverse()  #順序反轉

list1 = [40, 30, 80, 70, 50]
list1.reverse()
print(list1)

串列.sort()    #由小到大
串列.reverse() #反轉

list1 = [40, 30, 80, 70, 50]
list1.sort()
list1.reverse()
print(list1)

串列2 = sorted(串列1, reverse=True)

list1 = [40, 30, 80, 70, 50]
list2=sorted(list1, reverse=True)
print(list2)
print(list1)

# ch6_25.py
cars = ['honda','bmw','toyota','ford']     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
print("使用sort( )由小排到大")
cars.sort( )            
print("排序串列結果 = ",cars)
nums = [5, 3, 9, 2]
print("目前串列內容 = ",nums)
print("使用sort( )由小排到大")
nums.sort( )            
print("排序串列結果 = ",nums)

# ch6_26.py
cars = ['honda','bmw','toyota','ford']     
print("目前串列內容 = ",cars)
print("使用sort( )由大排到小")
cars.sort(reverse=True)            
print("排序串列結果 = ",cars)
nums = [5, 3, 9, 2]
print("目前串列內容 = ",nums)
print("使用sort( )由大排到小")
nums.sort(reverse=True)            
print("排序串列結果 = ",nums)

# ch6_32.py
James = [['Lebron James','SF','12/30/84'],23,19,22,31,18] # 定義James串列
games = len(James)                                        # 求元素數量
score_Max = max(James[1:games])                           # 最高得分
i = James.index(score_Max)                                # 場次
name = James[0][0]
position = James[0][1]
born = James[0][2]
print("姓名     : ", name)
print("位置     : ", position)
print("出生日期 : ", born)
print("在第 %d 場得最高分 %d" % (i, score_Max))

num = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [6, 7, 8]]    #前5個元素是整數，第6個元素是串列
景點 = ['牛津學堂', '新北市', [25.17602,121.4322963]] # 第三個元素經緯度

# ch6_33.py
cars1 = ['toyota', 'nissan', 'honda']
cars2 = ['ford', 'audi']
print("原先cars1串列內容 = ", cars1)
print("原先cars2串列內容 = ", cars2)
cars1.append(cars2)
print("執行append( )後串列cars1內容 = ", cars1)
print("執行append( )後串列cars2內容 = ", cars2)

串列A.append(串列B)   # 將串列B接在串列A最後

# ch6_34.py
cars1 = ['toyota', 'nissan', 'honda']
cars2 = ['ford', 'audi']
print("原先cars1串列內容 = ", cars1)
print("原先cars2串列內容 = ", cars2)
cars1.extend(cars2)
print("執行extend( )後串列cars1內容 = ", cars1)
print("執行extend( )後串列cars2內容 = ", cars2)

串列A.extend(串列B)   # 將串列B的元素依序接在串列A最後

# ch6_35.py
mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']      # 我喜歡的運動
friendsports = mysports                    # 指定運算: 設定朋友喜歡的運動
print("我喜歡的運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的運動 = ", friendsports)

# ch6_36.py
mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']
friendsports = mysports
print("我喜歡的運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的運動 = ", friendsports)
mysports.append('football')                # 各自加上喜歡的項目
friendsports.append('soccer')              # 各自加上喜歡的項目
print("我喜歡的最新運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的最新運動 = ", friendsports)

mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']      # 我喜歡的運動
friendsports = mysports                    # 指定運算: 設定朋友喜歡的運動

# ch6_37.py
mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']
friendsports = mysports
print("列出mysports位址     = ", id(mysports))
print("列出friendsports位址 = ", id(friendsports))
print("我喜歡的運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的運動 = ", friendsports)
mysports.append('football')
friendsports.append('soccer')
print(" -- 新增運動項目後 -- ")
print("列出mysports位址     = ", id(mysports))
print("列出friendsports位址 = ", id(friendsports))
print("我喜歡的最新運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的最新運動 = ", friendsports)

# ch6_38.py
mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']
friendsports = mysports[:]
print("列出mysports位址     = ", id(mysports))
print("列出friendsports位址 = ", id(friendsports))
print("我喜歡的運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的運動 = ", friendsports)
mysports.append('football')
friendsports.append('soccer')
print(" -- 新增運動項目後 -- ")
print("列出mysports位址     = ", id(mysports))
print("列出friendsports位址 = ", id(friendsports))
print("我喜歡的最新運動     = ", mysports)
print("我朋友喜歡的最新運動 = ", friendsports)

friendsports = mysports[:]

字串 = "Python"

# ch6_39.py
string = "Python"
# 正值索引
print(" string[0] = ", string[0],
      "\n string[1] = ", string[1],
      "\n string[2] = ", string[2],
      "\n string[3] = ", string[3],
      "\n string[4] = ", string[4],
      "\n string[5] = ", string[5])
# 負值索引
print(" string[-1] = ", string[-1],
      "\n string[-2] = ", string[-2],
      "\n string[-3] = ", string[-3],
      "\n string[-4] = ", string[-4],
      "\n string[-5] = ", string[-5],
      "\n string[-6] = ", string[-6])
# 多重指定觀念
s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6 = string
print("多重指定觀念的輸出測試 = ",s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6)

# ch6_40.py
string = "Deep Learning"                # 定義字串
print("列印string第1-3元素     = ", string[0:3])
print("列印string第2-4元素     = ", string[1:4])
print("列印string第2,4,6元素   = ", string[1:6:2])
print("列印string第1到最後元素 = ", string[1:])
print("列印string前3元素       = ", string[0:3])
print("列印string後3元素       = ", string[-3:])

# ch6_41.py
string = "Deep Learning"                # 定義字串
strlen = len(string)
print("字串長度", strlen)
maxstr = max(string)
print("字串最大的unicode碼值和字元", ord(maxstr), maxstr)
minstr = min(string)
print("字串最小的unicode碼值和字元", ord(minstr), minstr)

# ch6_41_1.py
str1 = "Silicon Stone Education"
str2 = "DeepStone"
str3 = "深石數位"

sList1 = str1.split()                       # 字串轉成串列
sList2 = str2.split()                       # 字串轉成串列
sList3 = str3.split()                       # 字串轉成串列
print(str1, " 串列內容是 ", sList1)         # 列印串列
print(str1, " 串列字數是 ", len(sList1))    # 列印字數
print(str2, " 串列內容是 ", sList2)         # 列印串列
print(str2, " 串列字數是 ", len(sList2))    # 列印字數
print(str3, " 串列內容是 ", sList3)         # 列印串列
print(str3, " 串列字數是 ", len(sList3))    # 列印字數

字串 = "You are a good student"
串列 = (字串.split()
print(串列)

# ch6_42.py
password = 'deepstone'
ch = input("請輸入字元 = ")
print("in運算式")
if ch in password:
    print("輸入字元在密碼中")
else:
    print("輸入字元不在密碼中")
    
print("not in運算式")
if ch not in password:
    print("輸入字元不在密碼中")
else:
    print("輸入字元在密碼中")

# ch6_43.py
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'watermelon']
fruit = input("請輸入水果 = ")
if fruit in fruits:
    print("這個水果已經有了")
else:
    fruits.append(fruit)
    print("謝謝提醒已經加入水果清單: ", fruits)

x = 10
y = 10
if x == y:
    print('內容相同')
else:
    print('內容不同')
if x is y:
    print('位址相同', id(x), id(y))
else:
    print('位址不同', id(x), id(y))
y = 15
if x is y:
    print('位址相同', id(x), id(y))
else:
    print('位址不同', id(x), id(y))

# ch6_46.py
mysports = ['basketball', 'baseball']
sports1 = mysports          # 拷貝位址
sports2 = mysports[:]       # 拷貝新串列
print("我喜歡的運動 = ", mysports, "位址是 = ", id(mysports))
print("運動 1       = ", sports1,  "位址是 = ", id(sports1))
print("運動 2       = ", sports2,  "位址是 = ", id(sports2))
boolean_value = mysports is sports1
print("我喜歡的運動 is 運動 1     = ", boolean_value)

boolean_value = mysports is sports2
print("我喜歡的運動 is 運動 2     = ", boolean_value)

boolean_value = mysports is not sports1
print("我喜歡的運動 is not 運動 1 = ", boolean_value)

boolean_value = mysports is not sports2
print("我喜歡的運動 is not 運動 2 = ", boolean_value)

tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)  # 元素0～5
print(tuple1[3])        # 印出4
tuple1[1] = 100    # 錯誤, 不能修改元素值

tuple0 = ()                # 空元組
tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)     # 相同型別
tuple2 = (1, "張三", True) # 不同型別

元組 = (元素1, 元素2, ....) 

tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6)  # 元素0～5
print(tuple1[3])        # 印出4
tuple1[1] = 100    # 錯誤, 不能修改元素值

tuple1 = (20,30,40)
list1 = list(tuple1)    # 元組轉串列
list2 = [20, 30, 40]
tuple2 = tuple(list2)   # 串列轉元組

價目表 = {'香蕉': 20, '蘋果': 50, '鳳梨': 80}
print(價目表)
print(價目表['香蕉'])

字典名稱 = {鍵1: 值1, 鍵2: 值2, 鍵3: 值3..., 鍵N: 值N}

字典名稱[鍵N]

價目表 = {'香蕉': 20, '蘋果': 50, '香蕉': 80}
print(價目表['香蕉'])

價目表 = {'香蕉': 20, '蘋果': 50, '鳳梨': 80}
成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
print(成績單)
print(成績單['王小明'])

價目表 = {'香蕉': 20, '蘋果': 50, '香蕉': 80}
print(價目表['香蕉'])   # 80
print(價目表['鳳梨'])   # 錯誤

weather = dict(春='春雨綿綿',夏='颱風季節',秋='秋高氣爽',冬='東北季風')
season = input('輸入季節：')
print(weather.get(season))

weather = dict(春='春雨綿綿',夏='颱風季節',秋='秋高氣爽',冬='東北季風')
while True:
    season = input('輸入季節(春、夏、秋、冬任一，或直接按Enter結束)：')
    if season == '':   # Enter
        print('程式結束')
        break
    else:
        result = weather.get(season)
        if result != None:
            print(result)
        else:
            print('請重新輸入春夏秋冬任一季節')

blood = input('輸入血型：')
print(blood.upper())   # 小寫轉大寫

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
成績單['王小明'] = 90     # 修改
成績單['春嬌'] = 88       # 鍵不存在：新增
print(成績單)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
del 成績單['王小明']    # 刪除王小明的成績
print(成績單)       
成績單.clear()         # 全部清除
print(成績單)

del 字典名稱    # 刪除字典

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
print('春嬌' in 成績單)
print('王小明' in 成績單)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
name = input('輸入學生姓名:')
if name in 成績單:
    print('%s的成績是: %3d' % (name,成績單.get(name)))
else:
    score = int(input('輸入成績:'))
    成績單[name] = score
    print(成績單)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
while True:
    name = input('輸入學生姓名:(直接按Enter結束)')
    if name == '':
        print('程式結束')
        break
    if name in 成績單:
        print('%s的成績是: %3d' % (name,成績單.get(name)))
    else:
        score = int(input('輸入成績:'))
        成績單[name] = score
        print(成績單)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
print(成績單)           # 鍵/值對
print(成績單.keys())    # 只取得鍵

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
keys = 成績單.keys()       # 所有鍵
names = list(keys)        # 轉成串列
print(names)
for item in names:
    print('%s的成績是%d' % (item, 成績單.get(item)))

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
while True:
    name = input('輸入學生姓名:(直接按Enter結束)')
    if name == '':
        break
    if name in 成績單:
        print('%s的成績是: %3d' % (name,成績單.get(name)))
    else:
        score = int(input('輸入成績:'))
        成績單[name] = score
        print(成績單)
for item in list(成績單.keys()):
    print('%s的成績是%d' % (item, 成績單.get(item)))

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
print(成績單)             # 鍵/值對
print(成績單.values())    # 只取得值

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
values = 成績單.values()       # 所有值
scores = list(values)        # 轉成串列
avg = sum(scores) / len(scores)
print(avg)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
while True:
    name = input('輸入學生姓名:(直接按Enter結束)')
    if name == '':
        break
    if name in 成績單:
        print('%s的成績是: %3d' % (name,成績單.get(name)))
    else:
        score = int(input('輸入成績:'))
        成績單[name] = score
        print(成績單)
及格人數 = 0
for score in list(成績單.values()):
    if score >= 60:
        及格人數 += 1
print('及格人數：%d' % 及格人數)

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
print(成績單)             # 鍵/值對
print(成績單.items())    # 只取得值

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
items = list(成績單.items())
for key, val in items:
    print("%s的成績是:%3d" % (key, val))

成績單 = dict(王小明=80, 李小鳳=70, 張小華=75)
items = list(成績單.items())
print('第一個元組:', items[0])
for i in range(len(items)):  # 一維元組
    print(items[i])
print('第一個元組裡的第二個元素:',items[0][1])
for i in range(len(items)):  # 二維串列
    for j in range(len(items[i])):
        print(items[i][j])

英漢字典 = dict(dog='狗', fish='魚', cat='貓', pig='豬')
print(英漢字典)
print(英漢字典.keys())
word = input('輸入英文單字？')
print(英漢字典.get(word, '找不到該單字'))

s1 = {1,2,3,4,5}  # 大括弧建立集合
s2 = set()        # 空集合
print(s1)
print(s2)
print(type(s1))

集合名稱 = {元素1, 元素2, 元素3,..., 元素N}

串列名稱[索引值]

集合名稱[索引值]

# 由 串列 建立集合
s3 = set([6,7,8,9,10])
print(s3)
# 由元組 (Tuple) 建立集合
s4 = set((11, 12, 13, 14, 15))  
print(s4)
# 由 字典 建立集合
s5 = set({'早安': 'Good Morning', '你好': 'Hello'})
print(s5)
# 元素重複會自動刪除
s6 = set([40, 50, 60, 60, 80, 60])
print(s6)

s3 = set([6,7,8,9,10])
s4 = set((11, 12, 13, 14, 15))  

s3.add(50)
print(s3)
s4.remove(15)
print(s4)

s4 = set((11, 12, 13, 14, 15))  

s4.remove(10)   # 錯誤！10不在集合裡
print(s4)

s3 = set([6,7,8,9,10])
num = 6
if num in s3:
    print(num, '在集合裡')
else:
    print(num, '不在集合裡')

s4 = set((11, 12, 13, 14, 15))  
print(10 not in s4)   # 10不在s4集合裡?
print(11 not in s4)   # 11不在s4集合裡?

s3 = set([6,7,8,9,10])

print(len(s3))
print(sum(s3))
print(max(s3))
print(min(s3))

s3 = set([6,7,8,9,10])
for item in s3:
    print(item)

春曉 = '春眠不覺曉，處處聞啼鳥。夜來風雨聲，花落知多少？'
字集合 = set(春曉)     # 字串轉集合: 每個不重複的字成為一個元素
print(字集合)
for word in 字集合:
    print(word, end=",")

a={7, 9, 8, 4, 2, 6, 5, 7, 4};
b={6, 55, 4, 12, 1 ,5}

print('a集合:', a)
print('b集合:',b)

print('a,b交集', a & b)
print('a,b聯集', a | b)
print('a,b差集', a - b)