Python程式設計

# 請寫一個程式，讓使用者輸入兩張撲克牌，計算並輸出總和
card1 = input('輸入第一張牌')
card2 = input('輸入第二張牌')
if card1 == 'A':
    card1 = 1
if card2 == 'A':
    card2 = 1
print(int(card1) + int(card2))

# 輸入一個正整數，判斷是5或7的倍數
number = int(input('輸入正整數'))
mod5 = number % 5
mod7 = number % 7
if number<=0:
    print('不是正整數')
else:
    if mod5==0 and mod7==0:
        print('5 和 7的倍數')
    elif mod5==0:
        print('5的倍數')
    elif mod7==0:
        print('7的倍數')
    else:
        print('不是5 或 7的倍數')

半徑 = int(input('輸入:')) // 字串轉整數
面積 = 3.14 * 半徑**2; // 平方, 乘法

半徑字串 = input('輸入:') // 字串
半徑數值 = int(半徑字串)  // 字串轉整數
面積 = 3.14 * 半徑數值**2; // 平方, 乘法
＃ 轉換函式: int(), float(), str(), chr()

for i in range(1,10,2):
    print(i, end=',')
# 印出 2,4,6,8

total = n = 0
while(n < 10):       # 條件式: n < 10
    n += 1           # 自行改變 n值
    total += n     
# 加總1～10

if score<60:
    print('不及格')
elif score<=80:
    print('甲等')
else:
    print('超出範圍')

print('Hello')
print('Hello')
print('Hello')
# ....省略...
print('Hello')

for i in range(1000):
    print('Hello ')

for 迴圈變數 in 數列:
    程式區塊

for 迴圈變數 in 串列:
    程式區塊

fruits = ['香蕉', '鳳梨', '蘋果', '橘子']
for item in fruits:
    print('水果名：%s' % item) # 印出迴圈變數值

# ch7_3.py
players = ['Curry', 'Jordan', 'James', 'Durant', 'Obama']
for player in players:
    print(player)

# ch7_5.py
players = ['curry', 'jordan', 'james', 'durant', 'obama']
for player in players:
    print(player.title( ) + ", it was a great game.")
    print("I can not wait to see your next game, " + player.title( ))

# ch7_6.py
players = ['Curry', 'Jordan', 'James', 'Durant', 'Obama']
print("列印前3位球員")
for player in players[:3]:
    print(player)
print("列印後3位球員")
for player in players[-3:]:
    print(player)

數列變數 = range(整數值)    # 單一參數

list1 = range(5)    # 注意不能用list當變數名稱
print(list(list1))  # 因為list()是內建函式
print(list1)        # 印出'range(0, 5)'
print(type(list1))  # 印出 list1型別

# ch7_7.py
n = 5
number1 = list(range(n))
print("當n值是%d時的range( )串列 = " % n, number1)
n = 8
number2 = list(range(n))
print("當n值是%d時的range( )串列 = " % n, number2)

數列變數 = range(起始值, 終止值)    # 二個參數

list2 = range(5, 10) # 數列5,6,7,8,9
list3 = range(-3, 3) # 數列-3,-2,-1,0,1,2
list4 = range(5, 3)  # 空數列, 因為起始值較大

# ch7_9.py
start = 2
end = 6
number1 = list(range(start, end))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end), number1)
start = -2
end = 3
number2 = list(range(start, end))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end), number2)
start = -5
end = -1
number3 = list(range(start, end))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end), number3)

# ch7_10.py
start = 2
end = 6
print("當start值是%d, end值是%d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end))
for number in range(start,end):
    print(number)
start = -2
end = 3
print("當start值是%d, end值是%d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end))
for number in range(start,end):
    print(number)
start = -5
end = -1
print("當start值是%d, end值是%d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end))
for number in range(start,end):
    print(number)

數列變數 = range(起始值, 終止值, 間隔值)    # 三個參數

list5 = range(2, 10, 2) # 數列2,4,6,8
list6 = range(100, 90, -3) # 數列100, 97, 94, 91

# ch7_11.py
start = 2
end = 9
step = 2
number1 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end, step), number1)
start = -2
end = 9
step = 3
number2 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end, step), number2)
start = 5
end = -5
step = -3
number3 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列 = " % (start, end, step), number3)

# ch7_12.py
start = 2
end = 9
step = 2
number1 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end, step))
for number in range(start,end,step):
    print(number)
start = -2
end = 9
step = 3
number2 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end, step))
for number in range(start,end,step):
    print(number)
start = 5
end = -5
step = -3
number3 = list(range(start, end, step))
print("當start值是%2d, end值是%2d, step值是%2d時的range( )串列元素:" % (start, end, step))
for number in range(start,end,step):
    print(number)

# ch7_14.py
n = int(input("請輸入整數:"))
number = list(range(n + 1))       # 建立串列
total = 0                         # 總計
for i in number:
    total += i
print("從1到%d的總和是 = " % n, total)

# ch7_15.py
n = int(input("請輸入整數:"))
total = 0                         # 總計
for i in range(1, n+1):
    total += i
print("從1到%d的總和是 = " % n, total)

# ch7_16.py
squares = []                     # 建立空串列
n = int(input("請輸入整數:"))
if n > 10 : n = 10               # 最大值是10
for num in range(1, n+1):        
    value = num * num            # 元素平方
    squares.append(value)        # 加入串列
print(squares)

# ch7_17.py
squares = []                     # 建立空串列
n = int(input("請輸入整數:"))
if n > 10 : n = 10               # 最大值是10
for num in range(1, n+1):        
    squares.append(num ** 2)     # 加入串列
print(squares)

students = ['張三', '李四', '趙大', '王五']
for i in range(len(students)):
    print('編號 %d: 姓名:%s' % (i+1, students[i]))

subjects = ['國文', '英文', '數學']
scores = [100, 80, 90]

for 迴圈變數 in 數列:
    程式區塊

for 迴圈變數 in range(起始值, 終止值, 間隔值):
    程式區塊

for i in range(1000):
    print('Hello')
    print('這是第幾輪 %d' % i) # 印出迴圈變數值

for n in range(5):
    print(n, end=",")

n = int(input('輸入正整數:'))
for i in range(1, n+1):
    print(i, end=",")

s=int(input('輸入起始值:'))
e=int(input('輸入終止值:'))

for i in range(s, e+1):    # 終止值也要列印, 所以e+1
    print('ascii碼: %d, 字元:%s' % (i,chr(i)))

while(條件式):
    程式區塊

total = n = 0            
while(n < 10):       # 條件式: n < 10
    n += 1           # n 不會自動增加
    total += n       # 數值加總
print('加總:%d' % total)

# ch7_26.py
msg1 = '人機對話專欄,告訴我心事吧...'
msg2 = '輸入 q 可以結束對話'
msg = msg1 + '\n' + msg2 + '\n' + '= '
input_msg = ''                # 預設為空字串
while input_msg != 'q':
    input_msg = input(msg)
    print(input_msg)

# ch7_27.py
msg1 = '人機對話專欄,告訴我心事吧,我會重複你告訴我的心事!'
msg2 = '輸入 q 可以結束對話'
msg = msg1 + '\n' + msg2 + '\n' + '= '
input_msg = ''                  # 預設為空字串
while input_msg != 'q':
    input_msg = input(msg)
    if input_msg != 'q':        # 如果輸入不是q才輸出訊息
        print(input_msg)

n = int(input('輸入正整數:'))
total = i = 1
while(i<n):
    i += 1
    total *= i
print('%d階層 = %d' % (n, total))

m = int(input('輸入正整數:'))
total = i = 1
while(total < m):
    i += 1
    total *= i
print('%d階層 = %d' % (i, total))

# 5張牌可重複抽, 所有可能的組合
for card1 in range(1, 6):
    for card2 in range(1,6):
        print('%d %d' % (card1, card2))

for 外迴圈變數 in 數列1:
    for 內迴圈變數 in 數列2:
        內程式區塊

# 5張牌可重複抽, 所有可能的組合
for card1 in range(1, 6):
    print('第%d張牌' % card1, end=":")
    for card2 in range(1,6):
        print('%d' % card2, end=",")
    print('')    # 換行

for 外迴圈變數 in 數列1:
    程式碼-外程式區塊
    for 內迴圈變數 in 數列2:
        內程式區塊
    程式碼-外程式區塊

# 九九乘法表
for i in range(1,10):
    for j in range(1,10):
        print('%d*%d = %2d' % (i, j, i*j))

# 九九乘法表
for i in range(1,10):
    for j in range(1,10):
        print('%d*%d=%2d\t' % (i, j, i*j), sep='', end='')
    print()    # 換行

height = int(input('三角形的高:'))
for i in range(1, height+1):
    for j in range(1, i+1):
        print('#', end = '')
    print()    # 換行, 外層迴圈

# ch7_31.py
i = 1                   # 設定i初始值
while i <= 9:           # 當i大於9跳出外層迴圈
    j = 1               # 設定j初始值
    while j <= 9:       # 當j大於9跳出內層迴圈
        result = i * j
        print("%d*%d=%-3d" % (i, j, result), end=" ")
        j += 1          # 內層迴圈加1
    print()             # 換行輸出
    i += 1              # 外層迴圈加1

for 迴圈變數 in 數列1:
    程式碼1...
    if 條件式:
        break
    程式碼2...
迴圈後程式碼

while 條件式1:
    程式碼1...
    if 條件式2:
        break
    程式碼2...
迴圈後程式碼

# ch7_32.py
msg1 = '人機對話專欄,請告訴我妳喜歡吃的水果!'
msg2 = '輸入 q 可以結束對話'
msg = msg1 + '\n' + msg2 + '\n' + '= '
while True:                     # 這是while無限迴圈
    input_msg = input(msg)
    if input_msg == 'q':        # 輸入q可用break跳出迴圈
        break
    else:
        print("我也喜歡吃 %s " % input_msg.title( ))

a = int(input('輸入正整數a:'))
b = int(input('輸入正整數b:'))
if (a<=0 or b<=0):           # 輸入不是正整數, 結束程式
    print('請輸入2個正整數')
else:
    for i in range(1, a*b+1):
        if(i%a==0 and i%b==0):
            break
    print("%d和%d的最小公倍數是:%d" % (a, b, i) )

num = int(input('輸入大於1的正整數：'))
prime = True   # 預設是質數
j = 2
while j<num:
    if(num%j==0):   # 找到任一個可整除的數
        print('%d可被%d整除' % (j, num))
        prime = False  # 非質數
        break
    j=j+1    # j往上遞增
if(prime):
    print('%d是質數' % num)
else:
    print('%d不是質數' % num)

while True:
    username = input('帳號：')
    pwd = input('密碼')
    if username == pwd:
        break
    else:
        print('帳密錯誤,請重新輸入')
print('帳號密碼正確')

for i in range(2, 1001):
    prime = True
    j=2
    while j<i:
        if i%j==0:
            prime = False
            break
        j += 1    # j=j+1
    if prime:
        print('%d是質數' % i)

for 迴圈變數 in 數列1:
    程式碼1...
    if 條件式:
        continue
    程式碼2...
迴圈後程式碼

# ch7_23.py
scores = [33, 22, 41, 25, 39, 43, 27, 38, 40]
games = 0
for score in scores:
    if score < 30:                  # 小於30則不往下執行
        continue
    games += 1                      # 場次加1              
print("有%d場得分超過30分" % games)

# ch7_34.py
index = 0
while index <= 10:
    index += 1
    if ( index % 2 != 0 ):  # 測試是否奇數
        continue            # 不往下執行
    print(index)            # 輸出偶數

# ch7_37.py
schools = ['明志科大', '台灣科大', '台北科大']
for school in schools:
    pass

# ch7_35.py
fruits = ['apple', 'orange', 'apple', 'banana', 'apple']
fruit = 'apple'
print("刪除前的fruits", fruits)
while fruit in fruits:      # 只要串列內有apple迴圈就繼續
    fruits.remove(fruit)  # 務必要刪除,否則會形成無窮迴圈
print("刪除後的fruits", fruits)

# ch7_36.py
buyers = [['James', 1030],              # 建立買家購買紀錄
           ['Curry', 893],
           ['Durant', 2050],
           ['Jordan', 990],
           ['David', 2110]]
goldbuyers = []                         # Gold買家串列
vipbuyers =[]                           # VIP買家串列
while buyers:                           # 執行買家分類迴圈分類完成迴圈才會結束
    index_buyer = buyers.pop()
    if index_buyer[1] >= 1000:          # 用1000圓執行買家分類條件
        vipbuyers.append(index_buyer)   # 加入VIP買家串列
    else:
        goldbuyers.append(index_buyer)  # 加入Gold買家串列
print("VIP 買家資料", vipbuyers)
print("Gold買家資料", goldbuyers)

# ch7_38.py
drinks = ["coffee", "tea", "wine"]
# 解析enumerate物件
for drink in enumerate(drinks):             # 數值初始是0
    print(drink)
for count, drink in enumerate(drinks):
    print(count, drink)
print("****************")   
# 解析enumerate物件
for drink in enumerate(drinks, 10):         # 數值初始是10
    print(drink)
for count, drink in enumerate(drinks, 10):
    print(count, drink)