Critical thoughts around computational thinking
Definitions
a computer ... computes
3 -2 -2 = -1
binary base
Computational thinking
- late 1950's
first conceptualization by Alan Perlis - 2006
reviving and breakthrough in education by Jeannette Wing
the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent.
Divide & Conquer
an illustration
A divide-and-conquer algorithm works by recursively breaking down a problem into two or more sub-problems of the same or related type, until these become simple enough to be solved directly. The solutions to the sub-problems are then combined to give a solution to the original problem.
Perspective
one step backward
a holistic approach: with technical, social and epistemological dimensions
zoon politikon, Aristoteles
Epistemology
Ontology
What is the validity of a knowledge?
What is the context of a knowledge?
On which paradigms is this science based?
often hidden, unrealized and latent
Part of the philosophy
which has for object the being as a being
which studies the general properties of the being.
Hook points
- Computer Colonialization of Language and Imagination
- From binary base to poor thinking
- Functionalism
- Parallel with Feuerbach's criticism of religion
Computer Colonialization of Language and Imagination
a human bug? 🤔
Binary logic -> dualistic thinking
From 0 & 1 to black & white
Binary logic -> Manichean thinking
+ moral content:
From 0 & 1 to good & bad, us & they, Rebel Alliance & Galactic Empire
Binary logic -> probabilistic logic
just adding an infinite of greys between black & white
Functionalism
The program is defined exclusively by its function.
brain ≡ computer
≠functionalism in social sciences
a twisted relationship to the technique
human
human
Δ
[...] the personality of God is the means by which the human being makes the attributes of his own nature the attributes of a being different from himself, supernatural and superhuman. The personality of God is only the personality of man projected and realized in the field of imagination.
L. Feuerbach, Das Wesen des Christentums, 1841
a twisted relationship to the technique
human
human
science
technology
AI
Next steps
which paradigms and methods can be used to avoid these issues?
Contemplation
The highest breaking point towards this technical society, the truly revolutionary attitude, would be the attitude of contemplation instead of frenetic agitation.
Jacques Ellul, La technique ou l’enjeu du siècle, 1954
Pour une extension de la culture (1956)
Gilbert Simondon
[...] human thought must institute an equal relationship, without privilege, between technology and man. [...]
In order to discover an adequate relationship between man and the technical object, it would be necessary to be able to discover a unity of the technical world, through a representation that would incorporate both that of the craftsman and that of the engineer".
... designers?
Discussion
- Do you also feel the disconnection between computational science and society?
- What are the digital|technical tracks you prefer to direct your rapport to the other and your environment?
- In which extent do you pay attention to the foundation of thinking (ontology, epistemology) of the technical and organizational apparatus around you?
Bibliography
Ellul, J. (1990). La technique: Ou, L’enjeu du siècle (2e éd. rev.). Paris: Economica.
Stiegler, B. (2018). La technique et le temps.
Esfeld, M. (2005). La philosophie de l’esprit: De la relation entre l’esprit et la nature. Paris: Armand Colin.
Esfeld, M. (2017). Philosophie des sciences: Une introduction.
Feuerbach, L. (1864). Essence du Christianisme. Retrieved from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Feuerbach_-_Essence_du_Christianisme%2C_1864.pdf
Garbinato, B. (2018). Algorithmes et Pensée Computationnelle. Retrieved from https://hecnet.unil.ch/hec/syllabus/descriptif/2177
Sadin, É. (2018). L’intelligence artificielle, ou, L’enjeu du siècle: Anatomie d’un antihumanisme radical. Paris: L’Échappée.
Simondon, G., & Simondon, N. (2012). Du mode d’existence des objets techniques (Nouv. éd. rev. et corr). Paris: Aubier.
Tedre, M., & Denning, P. J. (2016). The long quest for computational thinking. Proceedings of the 16th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research - Koli Calling ’16, 120–129. Koli, Finland: ACM Press. https://doi.org/10.1145/2999541.2999542
Walker, K., & Fass, J. (n.d.). De-Computation: Programming the world through design.
Wikipedia. (n.d.). Many articles.
Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215