Lecture 6 - Pedestrian Mobility Modelling
13 March 2023
Mozhgan Pourmoradnasseri, Ph.D.
References:
Active mobility refers to any form of transportation that involves physical activity, such as walking, cycling, or using a scooter.
Ma, Yan. Processes, microstructure, and mechanical properties of cold-rolled medium-Mn steel. Verlag Mainz, 2020.
Tallinn
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Noussan, Michel. "Effects of the Digital Transition in Passenger Transport-an Analysis of Energy Consumption Scenarios in Europe." (2019).
BMI
Noussan, Michel. "Effects of the Digital Transition in Passenger Transport-an Analysis of Energy Consumption Scenarios in Europe." (2019).
Health benefits: reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity.
Environmental benefits: produces zero emissions and does not contribute to air pollution or greenhouse gas emissions.
Reduced traffic congestion: reducing the number of cars on the road, which can lead to shorter commute times for everyone.
Cost-effectiveness: people are more likely to interact with their surroundings and with each other when traveling by foot or bike. It can also help to create safer and more vibrant public spaces.
Improved mental health: reducing stress, improving mood, and providing opportunities for social interaction and exposure to nature.
Omar, Kazi Shahrukh, et al. "Crowdsourcing and Sidewalk Data: A Preliminary Study on the Trustworthiness of OpenStreetMap Data in the US." arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.02350 (2022).
Zhang, Yuxiang, Sachin Mehta, and Anat Caspi. "Collecting Sidewalk Network Data at Scale for Accessible Pedestrian Travel." Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility. 2021.
First life, then spaces, then buildings- the other way around never works ...
Jan Gehl Life between Buildings (1971)
Sevtsuk, Andres, Rounaq Basu, and Bahij Chancey. "We shape our buildings, but do they then shape us? A longitudinal analysis of pedestrian flows and development activity in Melbourne." PloS one 16.9 (2021): e0257534.
Pedestrian counters
Pedestrian counts
aggregated for peak hours
Land use and employment data
Weather
What are ODs? How many trips from each point?
Distribute trips between OD pairs
How trips are distributed between routes
We skip this.
Potential origin-destination pairs for pedestrian trips in Melbourne. Gray highlights include the ten O-D pairs for which trips were modeled. Weights describe which attribute was used as origin or destination weight in the analysis.
Step 1.
Step 2.
Distance decay
Because the origin is 800 meters from the destination, the distance decay parameter β = 0.002 reduces the number of trips allocated to the destination from 100 to only 20.2 (\(100 / e^{0.002 \times 800}= 20.2\)).
20.2 trips
Step 4.
All paths up to x% (here 15%) longer than shortest path are considered.
Depending on selected parameters, the likelihood of route choice is calculated.
Khoshkhah, K.,Pourmoradnasseri M., and Hadachi A. "A real-time model for pedestrian flow estimation in urban areas based on IoT sensors." 2022 IEEE 25th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, 2022.
Validation with synthetic data.
Distance: Pedestrians tend to choose the shortest possible route between two points.
Safety: Pedestrians are more likely to choose routes that are perceived as safer, such as well-lit and well-maintained sidewalks, and areas with low crime rates.
Comfort: Pedestrians are more likely to choose routes that are comfortable to walk on, such as those with smooth surfaces and minimal inclines.
Landmarks: Pedestrians may choose routes that pass by important landmarks, such as shops, restaurants, or cultural attractions.
Traffic: Pedestrians may choose routes that avoid heavy traffic, noisy areas, or areas with high levels of air pollution.
Personal preferences: Pedestrians may have personal preferences for certain routes, based on past experiences, familiarity, or the desire to avoid certain areas or types of people.
Time of day: Pedestrians may choose different routes depending on the time of day, such as avoiding crowded areas during rush hour or choosing well-lit routes at night.
Infrastructure: Bike lanes, sidewalks, and pedestrian crossings are necessary to support active mobility.
Safety: Pedestrians and cyclists are vulnerable to accidents and injuries from motor vehicles.
Weather: Extreme weather, such as rain, snow, or extreme heat, can make active mobility uncomfortable or even dangerous.
Distance: For longer distances, it may not be feasible or time-efficient.
Culture: Some cultures value car ownership and driving, which can make it difficult to promote and encourage active mobility.
Equity: Active mobility can be less accessible for people with disabilities or mobility impairments.