Bohr Models

Step 1

Write down how many protons, neutrons and electrons are in the atom?

Step 2

Draw a nucleus and include the number of protons and neutrons

Step 3

Draw your first energy level and start adding electrons.

The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons

(if you have more than 2 electrons, you will need another energy level!)

Note: Maximum electron count:

1st Level- 2 electrons

2nd Level- 8 electrons

3rd Level- 8 electrons

4th Level- 8 electrons

This is a tiny lie, but it works for the elements we will use

practice

Makes
Perfect

More examples below! Press 'down'

Example

Draw a Bohr Model for Oxygen-16

P:8

N:8

2. Draw the nucleus

3. Draw the first energy level

4. Begin adding your electrons to the first energy level (max of 2)

1. Figure out p, e, n

5. Continue adding electrons until you reached your total

p: 8

n: 8 (16-8=8)

e: 8 (same as protons for a neutral atom)

More examples below! Press 'down'

Example

Draw a Bohr Model for Magnesium-25

P:12

N:13

2. Draw the nucleus

3. Draw the first energy level

4. Begin adding your electrons to the first energy level (max of 2)

1. Figure out p, e, n

5. Continue adding electrons until you reached your total (second level max is 8)

p: 12

n: 13 (25-12=13)

e: 12 (same as protons for a neutral atom)

More examples below! Press 'down'

Example

Draw a Bohr Model for 

P:6

N:8

2. Draw the nucleus

3. Draw the first energy level

4. Begin adding your electrons to the first energy level (max of 2)

1. Figure out p, e, n

5. Continue adding electrons until you reached your total (second level max is 8)

p: 6

n: 8 (14-6=8)

e: 6 (same as protons for a neutral atom)

More examples below! Press 'down'

^{14}_{6} C
614C^{14}_{6} C

Example

Draw a Bohr Model for 

P:10

N:11

2. Draw the nucleus

3. Draw the first energy level

4. Begin adding your electrons to the first energy level (max of 2)

1. Figure out p, e, n

5. Continue adding electrons until you reached your total (second level max is 8)

p: 10

n: 11 (21-11=11)

e: 10 (same as protons for a neutral atom)

More examples below! Press 'down'

^{21}_{10}{Ne}
1021Ne^{21}_{10}{Ne}

Lewis Dot structures

Step 1

Figure out the number of VALENCE ELECTRONS in the atom

The electrons on the outermost energy level

Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for Phosphorus-30

Step 2

Write the element symbol in the middle.

Then add the valence electrons around the outside

Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for Phosphorus-30

practice

Makes
Perfect

More examples below! Press 'down'

Example

Draw a Lewis Dot Structure for Oxygen-16

2. Write the element symbol

3. Going clockwise, add valence electrons to each side

NOTE: The maximum number of valence electrons anything can have is...

1. Figure how many valence electrons

8!

Oxygen is in the 6th column, so it has 6 electrons.

More examples below! Press 'down'

We can confirm this by drawing a Bohr Model of it

O

Example

Draw a Lewis Dot Structure for Chlorine-35

2. Write the element symbol

3. Going clockwise, add valence electrons to each side

NOTE: The maximum number of valence electrons anything can have is...

1. Figure how many valence electrons

8!

Chlorine is in the 7th column, so it has 7 electrons.

More examples below! Press 'down'

We can confirm this by drawing a Bohr Model of it

Cl

Example

Draw a Lewis Dot Structure for Magnesium-25

2. Write the element symbol

3. Going clockwise, add valence electrons to each side

NOTE: The maximum number of valence electrons anything can have is...

1. Figure how many valence electrons

8!

Magnesium is in the 2nd column, so it has 2 electrons.

We can confirm this by drawing a Bohr Model of it

Mg