Finding exoplanets

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/

Radial Velocity

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/

Transits

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/

Direct Imaging

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/

Gravitational microlensing

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/ways-to-find-a-planet/

Astrometry

TESS camera apertures

Kepler primary mirror

https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/science/space/keplers-tally-of-planets.html

TESS

Most stars aren' t single

\Theta \approx \lambda/d
\approx \lambda / r_0

but atmospheric turbulence limit resolution to 

The problem of the atmosphere

details = color ÷ telescope size

details = color ÷ atmosphere turbulence (~10cm)

Classifying

exoplanets

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/exoplanet-travel-bureau/

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/galaxy-of-horrors/

https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/

  • Hot Jupiters
  • lava planets
  • rogue planets

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/20-intriguing-exoplanets

  • lethal rain
  • devoured planets
  • evaporating planets
  • eccentric orbits
  • ocean planets
  • zombie planets

Tidally locked planets

Eyeball planets

Multiple-habitable worlds in a single system?

Circumbinary planets

Kepler-16

Super-Earth or mini-Neptune?

Garnet planets

Plate tectonics & magnetic fields - these are important for life

We know the compositions of the stars.....the same elements likely go into the planets that form

Atmospheres

&

Biosignatures? 

Oxygen

Giordano Bruno

(1548 – 1600)

Italian Friar

  • proposed stars were distant suns surrounded by their own planets
  • possibility that these planets might foster life of their own
  • insisted that the universe is infinite and could have no center

 

1593 - was tried for heresy and later burned at the stake

Oct 1995

links:

The Sun:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tmbeLTHC_0

black holes:

https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Black_hole

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YzWosQYg6Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=if2opecmev8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wyuj7-XE8RE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TF8THY5spmo

 

exoplanets:

 

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/interactable/11/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_exoplanet_extremes

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-farthest-exoplanet

https://www.space.com/29120-alien-planet-among-farthest-known.html

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/20-intriguing-exoplanets

http://seagerexoplanets.mit.edu/research.htm

 

 

known universe/scales:

https://neal.fun/size-of-space/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17jymDn0W6U&list=PLrfcruGtplwHQB7fGpuohlVkRDhPaJfJt

 

Scale of the Solar system: http://joshworth.com/dev/pixelspace/pixelspace_solarsystem.html

https://www.space.com/30610-scale-of-solar-system-amazing-video.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoW8Tf7hTGA

Scale of the universe: http://htwins.net/scale2/

Sizes of stars: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBkNhMfrxuk&feature=youtu.be

 

How many exoplanets have been found?

 

    https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/

    http://exoplanets.org/

 

https://vimeo.com/28456790

http://www.system-sounds.com/

Light

Characteristics

  • Intensity
    • photometry
      • magnitudes
      • transits
  • Wavelength
    • spectrum
      • radial velocity
      • composition
    • incandescence 
    • emission
    • absorption
  • Interference
  • Polarization
    • linear
    • circular

Solar system

http://joshworth.com/dev/pixelspace/pixelspace_solarsystem.html

http://www.omgspace.net/

  • Why does Saturn have rings? What are the rings?

Moons that are other worlds:

Stars

Stellar Evolution

<0.08

0.08-0.4

0.4-8

>8

>20

>3

1.4-3

>1.4

Solar Masses

Scales and galaxies

Oumuamua

Random

Why is the government underfunding NASA? Are there other ways for NASA to get money?

https://www.thebalance.com/nasa-budget-current-funding-and-history-3306321

https://www.nasa.gov/topics/benefits/index.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=19&v=84wJYwsEx0s&feature=emb_logo 

Was the moon landing fake?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_loUDS4c3Cs&t=3s

https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/12/12/heres-your-proof-that-we-landed-on-the-moon-steph-curry/#1229c00249d9

https://apolloinrealtime.org/11/