Thermodynamics

Statistical Perspective

\int \frac{Q^{rev}}{V} \leq 0
VQrev0

Prerequisites

  • Some Thermodynamics
    • 2nd Law
    • Definition of Entropy
  • Kinetic Theory of Gas
  • Some Quantum Mechanics (optional)

Two Perspectives

Microstate

x_i, y_i,z_i
xi,yi,zi

Macrostate

Describe the exact state of a specific particle.

Describe the average state of a group of particles.

Classical:

for position,

p_{ix}, p_{iy},p_{iz}
pix,piy,piz

for momentum.

Todo: Quantium View

Example: (for gas)

    N for # of particles

    E for initial energy

    V for volume

Why we need macrostate?

  • Microstate only works well when particles are not many.
  • It...
    • keeps Changing with time
    • involves many variables (hard to solve)
    • becomes rather useless when we focus on a system
  • Instead we introduce macrostate to...
    • observe overall pictures
    • describe average properties
    • and more

Phase Space

  • Microstate only works well when particles are not many.
  • It...
    • keeps Changing with time
    • involves many variables (hard to solve)
    • becomes rather useless when we focus on a system
  • Instead we introduce macrostate to...
    • observe overall pictures
    • describe average properties
    • and more

Thermodynamics

By Kuang-Lin Pan

Thermodynamics

Just a test!

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