DOMESTIC POLITICS,SOCIETY, AND CULTURE.

Augusto Perez

European societies went through rapid social economic, and political changes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

#1 Britain led the way with Industrialization

#2 Followed by France , Germany Austria, and the Czech lands of the Habsburg monarchy.

#4 peasants move to the cities and took up work in the factories.

#5 workers also began to demand rights form political parties and CHALLENGE

the old political system.

#3 Italy and the Russian empire launched their industrialization drives in the last decades!!

#6 PRINCIPLES of democracy and electoral politics spread across the continent

Domestic Reforms Changing the Way International Politics Worked

The French Revolution was the first attempt to challenge the principle of Autocratic Monarchy in 1789.

There was a gradual of enfranchisement throughout the century prior 1914.

Austria changed from monarchy to constitutional monarchy results of the revolutions during 1848.

Revolution of 1905 : Russia forced tsar to accept elected national parliament.

1908 : Sultan was forced to cede power to "Young Turks" : Ottoman Empire.

Foreign Ministers largely operated according to principles of Realpolitik ( realist foreign policy). This method lasted from 1815-1914.

Press Influence on "The Great War"

Yellow Journalism was founded by Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst Press

Yellow journalism was a form of exaggerated news, in which people would exaggerate stories (in a sense of nationalism and sensationalism) to sell more newspapers (no facts.)

Who did "Yellow Journalism" affect, and how?

Caused Imperial war in 1898 (Spanish-American war)
Britain press hyped the idea of Germany dominating, convincing Britain to join the war (on the entente side.)
Italy changed its side in the war, switching from central powers to entente, due to a hyped up story that portrayed Austria as more of a threat than France.