Testing Overview

Process

Testing startegies,  Tradeoffs, technical stack, why test at the first place

1

Philosophy

What to consider when setting up a testing environment for React components.

2

Environments

Common patterns when writing tests for React components.

3

Recipes

  • Quality Assurance
  • Corner Case (mind flow)
  • Easier Refactoring
  • Trust
  • Tradeoff

Testing

Setup / Teardown

describe('outer', () => {
  console.log('describe outer-a');

  describe('describe inner 1', () => {
    console.log('describe inner 1');
    test('test 1', () => {
      console.log('test for describe inner 1');
      expect(true).toEqual(true);
    });
  });

  console.log('describe outer-b');

  test('test 1', () => {
    console.log('test for describe outer');
    expect(true).toEqual(true);
  });

  describe('describe inner 2', () => {
    console.log('describe inner 2');
    test('test for describe inner 2', () => {
      console.log('test for describe inner 2');
      expect(false).toEqual(false);
    });
  });

  console.log('describe outer-c');
});

// describe outer-a
// describe inner 1
// describe outer-b
// describe inner 2
// describe outer-c
// test for describe inner 1
// test for describe outer
// test for describe inner 2

Matchers

beforeAll(() => console.log('1 - beforeAll'));
afterAll(() => console.log('1 - afterAll'));
beforeEach(() => console.log('1 - beforeEach'));
afterEach(() => console.log('1 - afterEach'));
test('', () => console.log('1 - test'));
describe('Scoped / Nested block', () => {
  beforeAll(() => console.log('2 - beforeAll'));
  afterAll(() => console.log('2 - afterAll'));
  beforeEach(() => console.log('2 - beforeEach'));
  afterEach(() => console.log('2 - afterEach'));
  test('', () => console.log('2 - test'));
});

// 1 - beforeAll
// 1 - beforeEach
// 1 - test
// 1 - afterEach
// 2 - beforeAll
// 1 - beforeEach
// 2 - beforeEach
// 2 - test
// 2 - afterEach
// 1 - afterEach
// 2 - afterAll
// 1 - afterAll
test('two plus two is four', () => {
  expect(2 + 2).toBe(4);
});
test('object assignment', () => {
  const data = {one: 1};
  data['two'] = 2;
  expect(data).toEqual({one: 1, two: 2});
});

https://jestjs.io/docs/using-matchers

test('there is no I in team', () => {
  expect('team').not.toMatch(/I/);
});

test('but there is a "stop" in Christoph', () => {
  expect('Christoph').toMatch(/stop/);
});
const mockCallback = jest.fn(x => 42 + x);
forEach([0, 1], mockCallback);

// The mock function is called twice
expect(mockCallback.mock.calls.length).toBe(2);
// The Same as above
expect(mockCallback.toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);

// The first argument of the first call to the function was 0
expect(mockCallback.mock.calls[0][0]).toBe(0);

// The first argument of the second call to the function was 1
expect(mockCallback.mock.calls[1][0]).toBe(1);

// The return value of the first call to the function was 42
expect(mockCallback.mock.results[0].value).toBe(42);

Types of Queries​

  • getBy...: Returns the matching node for a query, and throw a descriptive error if no elements match or if more than one match is found (use getAllBy instead if more than one element is expected)
  • queryBy...: Returns the matching node for a query, and return null if no elements match. This is useful for asserting an element that is not present. Throws an error if more than one match is found (use queryAllBy instead if this is OK).
  • findBy...: Returns a Promise which resolves when an element is found which matches the given query. The promise is rejected if no element is found or if more than one element is found after a default timeout of 1000ms. If you need to find more than one element, use findAllBy.
<body>
  <div id="app">
    <label for="username-input">Username</label>
    <input id="username-input" />
  </div>
</body>
import {screen, getByLabelText} from '@testing-library/dom'

// With screen:
const inputNode1 = screen.getByLabelText('Username')

// Without screen, you need to provide a container:
const container = document.querySelector('#app')
const inputNode2 = getByLabelText(container, 'Username')
import {render, screen} from '@testing-library/react'

render(
  <div>
    <label htmlFor="example">Example</label>
    <input id="example" />
  </div>,
)

const exampleInput = screen.getByLabelText('Example')
screen.debug()​
For convenience screen also exposes a debug method in addition to the queries. This method is essentially a shortcut for console.log(prettyDOM()). It supports debugging the document, a single element, or an array of elements.
import {screen} from '@testing-library/dom'

document.body.innerHTML = `
  <button>test</button>
  <span>multi-test</span>
  <div>multi-test</div>
`

// debug document
screen.debug()
// debug single element
screen.debug(screen.getByText('test'))
// debug multiple elements
screen.debug(screen.getAllByText('multi-test'))

testing-playground

Firing Events

fireEvent.change(input, {target: {value: '2020-05-24'}})

fireEvent.keyDown(domNode, {key: 'A', code: 'KeyA'})
import {render, screen, fireEvent} from '@testing-library/react'

const Button = ({onClick, children}) => (
  <button onClick={onClick}>{children}</button>
)

test('calls onClick prop when clicked', () => {
  const handleClick = jest.fn()
  render(<Button onClick={handleClick}>Click Me</Button>)
  fireEvent.click(screen.getByText(/click me/i))
  expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
})
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