Comparison
data
Datatype: BOOLEAN (bool)
Syntax:
False
Example:
indian=True
True
Fractional
data
Datatype: FLOATING POINT (float)
Syntax:
Nothing specific
Example:
weight=72.5
Numeric data
Datatype: INTEGER (int)
Syntax:
Nothing specific
Example:
age=68
Text-based data
Datatype: STRING (str)
Syntax:
Place in
" " (or) ' '
Example:
name="David"
23
name="David"
age=68
print(name+age)
name="David"
age=68
age=str(age)
print(name+age)
name="David"
name=int(name)
age=68
print(name+age)
id="5"
id=int(id)
age=68
print(name+age)
Step 1 : Add name and age variable without type conversion. This will throw an error.
Step 2 : Convert age variable to string. Add name and age variable. This will print "David68".
Step 3 : Convert name variable to int. Add name and age variable. This will throw an error. String to be converted to numeric has to be compatible.
Step 4: Create an "id" variable and assign a numeric value as a string. Convert this to integer and add to age. This will print 73.
event.key:
K_RETURN
K_UP
K_LEFT
K_DOWN
K_RIGHT
event.type:
KEYDOWN
Navigate Car
Accelerate Car
Key is pressed
Mouse is clicked
Perform some tasks
Perform some tasks
#Create a variable to store absolute path of car image on your computer
carImg_location="C:/Users/dell/Documents/img/car.png"
#Load the car image and use convert_alpha() to convert to compatible pixel format
carImg=pygame.image.load(carImg_location).convert_alpha()
#Display the car image at location (130,500)
screen.blit(carImg,[130,500])
#Change location of background image according to the absolute path you have got in your computer
bgImg_location= "C:/Users/dell/Documents/img/back_ground.jpg"
1
2
Solution:
1. Get car image location.
1
12 bgImg_location=""
Insert background image location.
2. Load image and convert.
pygame.image.load(location)
convert_alpha()
3. Display car image.
screen.blit(image,location)
Template:
2
bgImg=pygame.image.load("Absolute Path").convert_alpha()
bgImg_scaled=pygame.transform.smoothscale(bgImg,(600,600))
screen.blit(bgImg_scaled,[0,0])
pygame.display.flip()
1. Load the image using the "image.load()" function of the "pygame module". Pass the absolute path you had copied in the form of a string as a parameter to this function. The "convert_alpha()" function helps convert the image loaded into a pixel format that favors fast display/ blitting.
2. This "transform.smoothscale()" function helps to smoothly scale an image to the desired size. The function takes 2 parameters: the image to be scaled and the size to which we wish to scale (here, the size of our screen)
3. The "blit()" function helps display the image at the desired location. It will take 2 parameters: the object to be displayed and its location (here, at (0,0))
4. The "display.flip()" functions updates the screen display and allows us to visualize changes we make to the screen display.
Solution:
Game Start
End of one game loop iteration
Measure time
"gameTime" variable
Select font
Select content
Display
concatenate
Template:
Try to code to be able to display game time elapsed on the screen.
Time elapsed: XXX seconds
import pygame
import time
pygame.init()
t1=time.time()
Step 1: Import time module
Step 2: Create t1 as soon as the game begins
import pygame
import time
screen.blit(carImg,[carx,cary])
t2=time.time()
Step 3: Create t2 all major events of the loop finished and final car image is on screen.
Step4: Create "gametime" variable to store t2-t1
game_time=t2-t1
Step5: Display "gametime" variable on screen
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
text = font.render("TIME ELAPSED: " + str(game_time)+"seconds", 1, (255,255,255))
screen.blit(text, (20,10))
#Check if Key is pressed
if event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN:
#Check if key pressed is "Enter"
if event.key==pygame.K_RETURN:
#Check if game time is within threshold
if game_time>=threshold and game_time<=(threshold+10):
#Decrement "cary" to make car move forward
cary-=100
#Increment "threshold" by 10
threshold+=10
threshold=0
Step 1: Create a variable "threshold" outside game loop and set it to 0 to begin.
Step 2: Perform necessary steps to achieve goal
10 second intervals
0
10
20
30
...
1 use of boost allowed
t< gameTime <(t+10)
Check
??
Allow Boost
Increase threshold by 10
YES
Lower threshold
(t)
Upper
threshold
(t+10)
Lower threshold
(t)
Upper
threshold
(t+10)
Lower threshold
(t)
Upper
threshold
(t+10)
Now, the boost restrictions!
t
t+10
Game Time
gameTime>t
gameTime<(t+10)
True
True
False
False
True
False
True
False
How do I check multiple conditions?
import pygame
import time
pygame.init()
t1=time.time()
Step 1: Import time module
Step 2: Create t1 as soon as the game begins
import pygame
import time
screen.blit(carImg,[carx,cary])
t2=time.time()
Step 3: Create t2 all major events of the loop finished and final car image is on screen.
Step4: Create "gametime" variable to store t2-t1
game_time=t2-t1
import time
t1=time.time()
time.sleep(5)
t2=time.time()
print(t2-t1)
Step 1: Import time module
import time
Step 2: Record and print a time point.
Note: Large output as it is total elapsed time since Jan 1,1970 till now in "seconds".
import time
t1=time.time()
print(t1)
Step 3: Introduce a delay and record timepoints before and after the delay. Subtract to show time elapsed is equal to delay.