Web App Testing
With Python Selenium
Arvind Padmanabhan
Testing
Frameworks
doctest, Hypothesis, nose, pytest, testtools, unittest, unittest.mock, zope.testing
RedwoodHQ, Robot Framework, Katalon Studio, Selenium, TestComplete, UFT
RedwoodHQ, Robot Framework, UFT
pytest-cov, python-coveralls, coverage
Unit Testing
Web Testing
Coverage
Acceptance
Testing
Approaches to Testing
Model Based
Library Based
Data Driven
Keyword Driven
Behaviour Driven
Hybrid
Selenium Architecture
Selenium
WebDriver
Source: https://www.emaze.com/@AZOIQRR/Selenium---Introduction (Slide 13)
Devopedia Test Architecture
My Test Environment
-
Windows 10,
version 1703
OS
- Firefox 53.0.2
- Chrome 60.0.3112.90
Browsers
- Version 3.5.2
- Modules
- pymysql 0.7.11
- records 0.4.3
- selenium 3.4.3
- pytest 3.1.2
Python
- Firefox: geckodriver 0.18.0
- Chrome: chromedriver 2.31
Web Drivers
Types of Content
Static
Pages
Dynamic Content
JavaScript
Animation
AJAX Content
Interactive Design
Common APIs
- find_element_by_id
- find_element_by_ css_selector
- find_element_by_ xpath
- find_element_by_ link_text
- Plural forms of the above
Locators
- click
- send_keys
- move_to_element
- move_to_element_ with_offset
- perform
- execute_script
- Can chain multiple actions with perform
Actions
- get_attribute
- value_of_css_property
- is_displayed
- is_selected
- Select.options
- Select.all_selected_ options
Inspection
Waiting for Content
IMPLICIT WAITS
Default 0 secs
Global value
Default polling 500 ms
Expected Conditions
- presence_of_ element_located
Presence
- visibility_of
- visibility_of_element_ located
-
invisibility_of_element_ located
-
staleness_of
-
element_to_be_clickable
State
- text_to_be_present_ in_element
-
title_contains
-
title_is
Content
Tips & Tricks
Checking Color
CSS :parent
XPATH vs CSS class
text() XPATH
XPATH
Text vs innerHTML
Use DOM for AJAX tests
Give JS time to run
Reuse Browser
Reuse Test
Gecko
Chrome
Size as given in set_window_size() but Chrome's get_window_size() is right
Screenshot of element works but can't follow a JS scroll
Size smaller than as given in set_window_size()
Screenshot of element doesn't work, so capture viewport and crop
WebDriver Differences
Allows move_to_element outside the viewport
Clicking on element is inconsistent due to position or tooltip
Disallows move_to_element outside the viewport
Clicking on element is consistent even if tooltip is displayed
Intrusive Testing
(Not Recommended)
- Modify the database
- Can use to revert data before repeating tests
Data
- Modify DOM
- Only when testing framework has limitations
UI
- Access assets directly instead of loading full web pages
Speed
Q & A
