Basic intro SASS

Sass basics

  • Syntactically Awesome StyleSheets
  • Invented in 2006 by Hampton Catlin
  • A CSS extension language that compiles into plain CSS
  • First modern transcompiler language
    • CoffeeScript
    • LESS

.sass or .scss?

  • Sass has 2 main syntaxes
    • SCSS (Sassy CSS, .scss)
    • SASS syntax (.sass)
  • SCSS is more like CSS and JavaScript
  • SASS is more terseness
    • Instead of brackets and semicolons, it uses the indentation of lines to specify blocks

.sass or .scss?

/* SCSS */
$blue: #3bbfce;
$margin: 16px;

.content-navigation {
  border-color: $blue;
  color: darken($blue, 9%);
}

.border {
  padding: $margin / 2; margin: $margin / 2;
}
/* SASS */
$blue: #3bbfce
$margin: 16px

.content-navigation
  border-color: $blue
  color: darken($blue, 9%)

.border
  padding: $margin / 2
  margin: $margin / 2
  border-color: $blue

Sass is for developers and CSS for browsers

SASS

Compiler

CSS

The basics

  • Nesting
  • Variables
  • Mixins
  • Importing files

Nesting

  • CSS will be nested the same as HTML
  • More readable
  • Selectors are nested inside
     
  •  Bad practice: Overly nest, hard to maintain (max 4)

Nesting

/* CSS EXAMPLE */

nav ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

nav li {
  display: inline-block;
}

nav a {
  display: block;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
}
/* SCSS EXAMPLE */

nav {
  ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
  }

  li { display: inline-block; }

  a {
    display: block;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
}

Variables

  • D.R.Y
  • A placeholder for values
  • Written with a $ in front of it
  • Can combine it with math

Variables

/* CSS EXAMPLE */

body {
    background-color: #fff;
    font-size: 12px;
}

div {
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #333;
    margin: 20px auto;
    width: 50%;
}

p {
    margin: 5px;
    padding: 5px;
    color: #333;
    line-height: 21px;
}

a {
    color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover {
    margin: 5px 0 0 10px;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* SCSS EXAMPLE */
$primary-color: #fff;
$secondary-color: #333;
$margin: 5px;
$padding: $margin;
body {
    background-color: $primary-color;
    font-size: 12px;
}
div {
    color: $primary-color;
    background-color: $secondary-color;
    margin: 20px auto;
    width: 50%;
}
p {
    margin: $margin;
    padding: $margin * 1.5;
    color: $secondary-color;
    line-height: 21px;
}
a {
    color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
    margin: $margin 0 0 10px;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

Mixins

  • Lets you group CSS declarations to reuse
  • Good use for vendor prefixes
  • Possible to pass in values for flexibility

Mixins

/* SCSS - Using Mixins */

@mixin corners {
	border-radius: 5px;
 	border-top-right-radius: 10px;
 	border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
}

@mixin yellow_links {
    a {
      color: yellow;
	  &:hover {
	    color: orange;
	  }
    }
    h2 {
        color: green;
    }
}

.block1 {
    @include corners;
    @include yellow_links;
}

.block2 {
    @include corners;
    background: #ccc;
}
/* OUTPUT */

.block1 {
    border-radius: 5px;
    border-top-right-radius: 10px;
    border-bottom-left-radius: 10px; 
}

.block1 a {
	color: yellow; 
}

.block1 a:hover {
	color: orange; 
}

.block1 h2 {
	color: green; 
}

.block2 {
    border-radius: 5px;
    border-top-right-radius: 10px;
    border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
    background: #ccc; 
}

Import files

  • Sass builds on top of the current CSS
  • Won't require an HTTP request
  • Combines the files so you have a single CSS file for the browser.
  • @import 'filename';

Let's go :-)

Clone:

git@gitlab.competa.com:training/basic-sass.git

or
https://gitlab.competa.com/training/basic-sass.git

 

And read the README.md

Assignments

  • Read the README.md
  • Install the site
  • Run the CLI "grunt" command
  • Create your wireframe with SCSS
  • Use mixins, variables, importfiles etc.etc.

Happy Hunting!

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