Librarian: Elizabeth Torres
etorres@hpu.edu
https://hpu.libguides.com/styleguides
Citing Sources (APA 7th) the American Psychological Association (How)
Databases to Search (Where)
Identify Terms to Search With (What)
Remember that citing is part of the scholarly conversation on a topic.
Sources cited
in the article
Sources that
cited the article
HPU Discovery
Filter Your Results
Access
Electronic Content
Type of Source
Type of Source
No matter the citation style, there are a few basics you need to know about each source, including:
The rules differ depending on the type of source.
Most databases have citation help tools in their platforms. Look for tools such as Cite or Source Citation. Note: They are not without errors, sometimes it is not the latest edition of the citation style or the citation style you need. Always check citation style handouts and manuals to make changes.
HPU Discovery
eBook Central
Any EBSCO database
Any GALE database
Google Scholar @ HPU
PsycNET
It only provides citation information in APA style, but it is really accurate as this database is from the American Psychology Association.
It is important to identify properly the type or format of the source.
Skim the information of the source. Is there anything that indicates what kind of source it is? Sometimes the source will outright say. Other times there may be clues. Look for where was the source publish and the actual full document to know more about the source.
Magazine Article
Type of Source Clues
There are numerous handouts on all the different styles available online, these handouts are short guidelines to help you understand the actual rules in the citation style manuals. Look for handouts published by univeristies like the Purdue OWL.
Do not include database information for works obtained from most academic research databases. This includes journal articles, books, and book chapters from academic research databases.
Note: APA 7 advises writers to include a DOI (if available), even when using the print source. The example above assumes no DOI is available.
Note: If no DOI, use stable URLs that function similarly to DOIs. These are preferable to ordinary URLs copied and pasted from the browser's address bar.
Note: APA 7th edition no longer requires “Retrieved” before URLs. Only in websites that content is designed to change over time.
General copyright dates are not sufficient to use as the publication date. If no creation or publication date is given, use n.d. If the author and website are the same, omit the website.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of page. Website. http://xxxxx
Author no date
Corporate author
Content changes
over time
Always check citation style handouts and manuals to make changes.
Quick online citation tools are a quick way to grab citation information on sources, usually one at a time or one session at a time.
Get into teams of three and go to:
https://tinyurl.com/soc2600spring23
Management citation tools are more sophisticated tools to store all your sources bibliographic information so you create your own library of sources.
Then you can easily create bibliographies or sync to your documents and input the citations you need from your own library. Always check the proper citation style handout and manual to make changes in citations.
Zotero is a Free management citation tool. That works by speaking to your internet browser and identifying references using icons.
Example of a Zotero Library
Organize in folders
Sources in a particular folder
Bibliographic information of one source. Use to create citations!
Creating a bibliography from a folder in Zotero.
Learn more about ZOTERO at https://hpu.libguides.com/zotero
Selecting the citation style you want the bibliography to be.
Dropping note
citations in Word.
If you need any help with your citations or research Ask a Librarian or Tutor