Findings so far
Plastics
Other: 30 - 50 %
PP, PS, PVC: 19 - 26 %
PE: 31 - 34 %
Estimates
Plastics
Source: Hazrat et al., 2015
Source: American Chemistry Council, 2014
Source: Hazrat et al., 2015
Sources: American Chemistry Council, 2014; Hazrat et al., 2015
Sources: American Chemistry Council, 2014; Hazrat et al., 2015
Best results
Sources: Bagri and Williams, 2002, Buekens and Huang, 1998, Scott et al., 1990, Marcilla et al., 2009, Audisio et al., 1990, Sharma et al., 2014, Horvat and Ng, 1999, Syamsiro et al., 2014, López et al., 2011, Lopez-Urionabarrenechea et al., 2012
Things that work
- Homogenous output more easily achieved using:
- continuous process
- high-mixing reactor (e.g. fluidized bed)
- large surface area of catalyst
Common problems
- Impurities sometimes found in fuel product
- Density not always in line with ASTM standard
- Easily fixed with blending
Real world study (2015)
Source: Ocean Recovery Alliance (2015)
Emissions
Source: Benavides et al. (2017)
Fuel properties
Source: Abe T (2009)
Sources: Khan et al. (2016), Miandad et al. (2017), Murphy et al. (2012)
Sources: Abe T (2009), Murphy et al. (2012)
Source: Murphy et al. (2012)
Resynergi