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Workflows

What is Git?

git n. - a person, especially a man, who is stupid or unpleasant

Git was created by a somewhat unknown but warm hearted software developer by the name of Linus Torvalds

Why?

"I'm an egotistical bastard, and I name all my projects after myself. First 'Linux', now 'git'."

Who Had This To Say:

The name "git" was given by Linus Torvalds when he wrote the very
first version. He described the tool as "the stupid content tracker" and the name as (depending on your mood):

 - random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not
   actually used by any common UNIX command.  The fact that it is a
   mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.

 - stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the dictionary of slang.

 - "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.

 - "g****mn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks

~Wikipedia

More Fun Facts:

What Git Really Is.....

...a DVCS or Distributed Version Control System

Prior version control systems required an available server connection to commit work, among other "design flaws"

Git was a solution to allow developers to work in a distributed manner with a full copy of the repository regardless of connection

Git was built around the concept that: "Branches are cheap and easy"

VERY simply:

What is GitHub?

GitHub is simply a public website and social network exposing Git remote servers

GitHub hosts some of the worlds most widely used code repositories from some of the most well known software developers in the world

GitHub is a great way to learn, contribute, share and grow.

GitHub

Create Account

https://github.com/

SSH Key Auth

Check if you have an existing SSH Certificate

OR...

SSH Key Generation

If you DON'T have an SSH key:

#Create a new RSA encrypted SSH certificate
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096

Add SSH Public Key

We now have to upload our SSH public key to Github

GitHub -> Profile -> SSH & GPG Keys

Add SSH Public Key

Make sure you copy your PUBLIC key (id_rsa.pub)

#Mac
pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

# Windows
clip < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

#Linux
xclip -selection clipboard ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Installing Git

Mac:

http://git-scm.com/download/mac

Linux:

# Debian/Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install git-all

# Fedora
$ sudo yum update
$ sudo yum install git-all

#Archlinux
$ pacman -S git

Windows:

https://git-scm.com/download/win

https://git-scm.com/download/linux

Configure Git

Set username and e-mail:

$ git config --global user.name "Jay Won"
$ git config --global user.email jay@won.com
$ git config --global push.default simple
$ git config --list

Git Basics - Syncing

git clone

Copy an existing remote repository to your machine

git init

Create a new repository on your machine

git pull

Pull new changes from a remote repository to your machine

git push

Push new changes from your machine to a remote repository

Git Basics - Making Changes

git add

Add changed files to the index

git commit

Commit staged(added) files to repository history

git status

Check for status of repository and index state at any time

git log

See commit logs on any branch

Let's Practice!

Create a folder to keep your repositories on your Desktop or other location you prefer

# Create a new folder for our demos
$ mkdir ~/Desktop/github-demos
$ cd ~/Desktop/github-demos

Exercise 1.a

Create a Local Repo

# Create a new folder for our first demo
$ mkdir git-init-demo
$ cd git-init-demo
$ git init
$ git status
$ echo "# git-init-demo" >> README.md
$ git add README.md
$ git commit -m "First commit."

Exercise 1.b

Create Remote Repo

Go to GitHub
Create a New Repository
Copy the Git Remote URL

#Sync the local repository with the new remote repository
$ git remote add origin git@github.com:jaywon/git-init-demo.git

#Push local changes up to GitHub
$ git push -u origin master

NOW CHECK GITHUB!!

Yeeessss

Exercise 2.a

Clone an Existing Repo

# Create a new folder for our first demo
$ cd ~/Desktop/github-demos
$ git clone git@github.com:jaywon/git-clone-demo.git
$ ls
$ cd git-clone-demo
$ ls
$ git status

Create a new repository on GitHub
Add a README.md and .gitignore when creating repository on GitHub

Exercise 2.b

Add & Push Changes

# Create a new file and add to repo
$ touch index.js
$ git add index.js
$ git commit -m "Add new file."
$ git push origin master
$ git log

NOW CHECK GITHUB!!

Yeeessss

Working with Branches

Collaboration with others is one of the MAIN reasons we use version control

Using branches gives us a good way to work independently and merge our changes when ready

Git Branching

Every repository starts with a single branch called master

git checkout

Create or switch to another branch

git merge

Merge changes from another branch into current branch

$ git checkout -b feature/new-feature

$ git checkout feature/existing-feature

$ git checkout development
$ git merge feature/new-feature

git branch

Find out status of current branches

$ git branch -a

What if I'm working on the wrong branch?

git stash

Stash current changes to switch to another branch

git stash list

See stashed changes

git stash apply

Re-add stashed changes to current branch

Git Flow

There are many workflows for working in teams and git flow is just one of them with the following rules:

1. All changes are done on develop or development

2. Single developers work on feature branches to work on their features

3. When new changes are ready to be deployed they are merged to master

Adding Contributors

GitHub repo -> Settings -> Collaborators

Adding collaborators to your repository gives others the ability to work on your project

Pull Requests

One of the most effective things you can do to ensure quality and reduce bugs is have other team members review your code

Using the git flow branching workflow makes handling pull requests a simple and efficient process

Submitting a Pull Request

1. To submit a pull request push your changes up to your GitHub remote branch

2. Go to GitHub and you should see your branch available to create a pull request.

3. Fill out any additional comments, tag any team members and submit the pull request!!

Merge Conflicts

Merge conflicts will happen so don't.....

.....FREAK OUT!!!

Merge Rule #1

Great tools don't replace the need to communicate with your team. When conflicts happen, find out why.

Merge Rule #2

See Merge Rule #1

.gitignore

Depending on your language you will want to use a .gitignore to keep cruft or automated files and folders out of your repository

https://github.com/github/gitignore

See here for a common list of .gitignore files:

GitHub Security

Don't EVER EVER EVER commit secure keys or passwords to your repo.

Security Rule #1

You know what I'm sayin....

Security Rule #2

Add these files to your .gitignore and document how to set the project up for other team members to add these files to their environments

Git Help

https://help.github.com/articles/adding-a-new-ssh-key-to-your-github-account/

#Run this command to read more about Git
$ man gittutorial

https://www.gitkraken.com

https://github.com/jlord/git-it-electron

Git Kraken

Adding SSH Keys To GitHub

Git Desktop Tutorial