Polarization // social networks
Inequality and crime // financial networks
Spoiler: Tax avoidance/evasion
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Fichtner, J., Takes, F. W., & Heemskerk, E. M. (2017). Uncovering offshore financial centers: Conduits and sinks in the global corporate ownership network. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-10.
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Fichtner, J., Takes, F. W., & Heemskerk, E. M. (2017). Uncovering offshore financial centers: Conduits and sinks in the global corporate ownership network. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-10.
Data provider: Orbis (300M+ companies, 100M+ ownership links)
15 companies per capita
Garcia-Bernardo, Fichtner, Takes, Heemskerk (2017)
Work with Valeria Secchini (PhD candidate at COPTAX, Charles University)
First order
Second order
PH
PL
...
Work with Valeria Secchini (PhD candidate at COPTAX, Charles University)
First order
Second order
PH
PL
...
Xu, Jian, Thanuka L. Wickramarathne, and Nitesh V. Chawla. "Representing higher-order dependencies in networks." Science advances 2.5 (2016): e1600028.
Q: Is PH a better representation of the data than PL?
PH
PL
Test: are the two distributions different?
Potential approach: Kullback-Leibler divergence > δ
Problem: overfitting
(high number of false positives)
On realistic synthetic data:
Precision: 7%
Sensitivity: 62%
Our solution: Cross-validation
Find pattern in train dataset, keep if it holds in validation
Results:
Applied to multinational corporations
201 patterns, 80% containing a tax haven
p.
p.
p.
8150 companies
9.3/window
Garcia-Bernardo, Javier, Joost Witteman, and Marilou Vlaanderen. "Uncovering the size of the illegal corporate service provider industry in the Netherlands: a network approach." EPJ Data Science 11.1 (2022): 23.
Strategy:
Results:
Illegal trust service providers:
Maybe a better approach: Graph Neural Networks
Andrea Longobucco MSc
https://distill.pub/2021/gnn-intro/
Garcia-Bernardo, Javier, and Petr Janský. "Profit shifting of multinational corporations worldwide." arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.08444 (2022).
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Haberly, D., Janský, P., Palanský, M., & Secchini, V. (2022). The indirect costs of corporate tax avoidance exacerbate cross-country inequality (No. 2022/33). WIDER Working Paper.
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Haberly, D., Janský, P., Palanský, M., & Secchini, V. (2022). The indirect costs of corporate tax avoidance exacerbate cross-country inequality (No. 2022/33). WIDER Working Paper.
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Haberly, D., Janský, P., Palanský, M., & Secchini, V. (2022). The indirect costs of corporate tax avoidance exacerbate cross-country inequality (No. 2022/33). WIDER Working Paper.
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Haberly, D., Janský, P., Palanský, M., & Secchini, V. (2022). The indirect costs of corporate tax avoidance exacerbate cross-country inequality (No. 2022/33). WIDER Working Paper.
Garcia-Bernardo, J., Haberly, D., Janský, P., Palanský, M., & Secchini, V. (2022). The indirect costs of corporate tax avoidance exacerbate cross-country inequality (No. 2022/33). WIDER Working Paper.
Javier García-Bernardo
javier.gbe@pm.me