How "The Internet" works ⚡
A lightning talk by
Julien Melissas
Hi! I'm Julien 🤓
Twitter: @JulienMelissas
Technical Director at Craftpeak
I like...
- Dogs
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- Other Stuff
Dina
Wilbur
Fun Fact:
In High School I hung out in the basement and got some Cisco networking certifications that say I'm qualified to talk about this stuff. Nerdy, huh?
There's no way I can explain how "The Internet" fully works in 10 minutes, sorry.
😞
But I can try.
😕
"It's a series of tubes"
🚇
What is this "Internet" thing anyways?
🤔
Internet:
a vast computer network linking smaller computer networks worldwide (usually preceded by the). The Internet includes commercial, educational, governmental, and other networks, all of which use the same set of communications protocols.
Internet:
a vast computer network linking smaller computer networks worldwide (usually preceded by the). The Internet includes commercial, educational, governmental, and other networks, all of which use the same set of communications protocols.
Capitalization
Nerd Speak
🗣
Client 💻
A "thing" that requests information.
Server 📠
A "thing" that sends information.
Router 📡
The "traffic director" of the internet, sometimes wireless.
Modem ☎️
A box that sends and receivies packets from the Internet Service Provider.
Hardware
Packet 📨
A unit of data transferred over the internet.
IP Address 📥
A number that is a unique address for anything that lives on an internet.
TCP 🛠
Transmission Control Protocol, manages the breaking down and assembly of packets.
DNS 🔮
Servers that translate a domain name into a server's IP Address.
Software
Okay, start paying attention.
⁉️
We need an IP Address
📥
📡
💻
Yo, I need an IP Address
Oh, word. I'm supposed to be pretty good at that. I've got DHCP bro.
📡
💻
Heck yeah! Thanks homes!
Well my IP address is 192.168.1.1 but I can hand out any IP address from 192.168.1.10 - 50. Here's 192.168.1.15!
High Five!
🙏
Let's "ping" something
📲
What just happened?
😱
☎️
📡
💻
📨
📡
📠
☎️
📡
📡/☁️
🔮
Lets do a Traceroute!
🌐
(image from HowStuffWorks)
Okay, how does this relate to my WordPress site?
😴
Your WordPress site lives on a server.
📠
Every time someone wants to view your site, they request it via a packet.
💻 ➡️ 📨
First, your computer has to ask DNS what IP address your server's hosting company has. It'll say something like:
example.com actually lives somewhere with the IP address of 93.184.216.34
💻 ➡️ 🔮
Your local router talks to the internet, which gets it to your hosting provider, who lives at that IP address.
📡 ➡️ ☁️ ➡️ 📡
The Server processes everything with PHP, packages the website's data up, and sends it back your way.
📠 ➡️ 📩
Your hosting provider's router sends it back to the internet, which finds your router via the packet's destination header, and sends the packets.
📡 ⬅️ ☁️ ⬅️ 📡
Your router finds your computer and delivers the information. Your computer's web browser saves the response and displays the webpage!
💻 ⬅️ 📡
High Five!
🙏
Thanks!
Any Questions?
Bonus Thing: What is IPv6 and why should I care?
🌟
IPv4 Address:
0-255.0-255.0-255.0-255
😖
That's a 32-bit number because 8 x 4 = 32
Some Examples:
0000 0000 = 0
0100 0100 = 34
1111 1111 = 255
🤔
So 256 x 256 x 256 x 256 = ~4.3billion
There are projected to be 6.1billion smartphones in use in the world by 2020!
IPv6 Address:
2001:0DB8:7AAB:0008:0000:0000:A573:2618
(super good article on IPv4 vs IPv6 here)