Muhammad Ahsan

 12-MT-22

MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
&
TECHNOLOGY



types of wood 

IN 
WORKSHOP
WOODWORKING

TYPES OF WOOD IN WOODWORKING:

1:SOFTWOOD
2:HARDWOOD

softwood


The wood from a conifer (such as pine, fir, or spruce) as distinguished from that of broadleaved trees.

types of Softwood


1: CEDAR
2: FIR
3: PINE
4: REDWOOD

CEDar:

The most common type of cedar is the western red variety. Western red cedar, as its name implies, has a reddish color to it. This type of wood is relatively soft (1 on a scale of 1 to 4), has a straight grain, and has a slightly aromatic smell. Western Red cedar is mostly used for outdoor projects such as furniture. 


Fir:

Often referred to as Douglas Fir, this wood has a straight, pronounced grain, and has a reddish brown tint to it. Fir is most often used for building; however, it's inexpensive and can be used for some furniture-making as well. It doesn't have the most interesting grain pattern and doesn't take stain very well.


pine:

Pine comes in several varieties, including Ponderosa, Sugar, White, and Yellow, and all of them make great furniture. In some areas of the country (especially southwest United States), pine is the wood to use. Pine is very easy to work with and, because most varieties are relatively soft, it lends itself to carving.

redwood:

Like cedar, redwood is used mostly for outdoor projects because of its resistance to moisture. Redwood (California redwood) is fairly soft and has a straight grain. As its name suggests, it has a reddish tint to it. Redwood is easy to work with, is relatively soft (2 on a scale of 1 to 4), and is moderately priced. You can find redwood at your local home center.

 FIR CEDAR
 PINE REDWOOD



hardwood

  1. The wood of any of numerous broad-leaved dicotyledonous trees, such as oak, beech, ash, etc, as distinguished from the wood of a conifer.

types of hardwood

1:ASH
2:BIRCH
3:OAK
4:MAHOGANY

ASH:

Ash is a white to pale brown wood with a straight grain. It's pretty easy to work with (hardness of 4 on a scale of 1 to 5) and takes stain quite nicely, but ash is getting harder and harder to find. 

birch:

Birch comes in two varieties: yellow and white. Yellow birch is a pale yellow-to-white wood with reddish-brown heartwood, whereas white birch has a whiter color that resembles maple. Both types of birch have a hardness of 4 on a scale of 1 to 5. Birch is readily available and less expensive than many other hardwoods. 

OAK:

Oak is one of the most used woods for furniture. Available in two varieties — red and white — oak is strong (hardness of about 4 on a scale of 1 to 5) and easy to work with. White oak is preferred for furniture-making because it has a more attractive figure than red oak. White oak is also resistant to moisture and can be used on outdoor furniture.

mahogany:

One of the great furniture woods, mahogany (also called Honduran mahogany) has a reddish-brown to deep-red tint, a straight grain, medium texture, and a hardness of around 2 on a scale of 1 to 5. It takes stain very well and looks great with just a coat (or 10) of oil.

Ash Birch
Oak
Mahogany

Source of wood

CEDAR: 
                            Cedar Is Mainly Found In Coastal Forests.
                  Majurity Of  them are found in Canada, US(Indiana,Lowa,      Cansac) 

FIR:
            They are Mainly Found In the Coastal Regions, from western-central British Columbia southward to western Columbia

PINE:
                They Are Native to Nothern Hemisphere and have been introduced throughout Temperate ans Subtropical Regions of the world.

REDWOOD:
                                  Redwood occupy a narrow strip of land Approx.. 750km in length along Pacific Coast of North America.

ASH:
            It Is not Found in Local Home Centers. They are Only Found in Larger Lumbyards. its a good subtitle of White Oak.

BIRCH:

                   They Are Usually found in Temperate & Boreal Climates.


OAK:

                 They are Found in Northern Hemisphere, Extending from Cool Temperate to Tropical Latitudes.


MAHOGANY:

                                      They are found in West Indian Islands as far as Bahamas, The keys of Florida & Parts of Florida.


Defects of wood

1:Knots
2:Shakes
3:Twisted Fibres

KNOT:
                A knot is a particular type of imperfection in a piece of wood; it will affect the technical properties of the wood, usually for the worse, but may be exploited for visual effect.Knot in the wood
SHAKES: 
                    Shake is the separation of the rings in a piece of wood  
 and it gets wider and wider.

TWISTED FIBRES:
                                                Twisted fibres are caused by the action of a prevalent wind, Turning of tree in one direction.

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