ED695
April 2015

M.A. TESOL
Candidate: Leticia Cruz

Implementing CALL in Oral Language Profciency: It's Effects on Primary Level ESL students in a Guam Public School

Literature Review

  • Brief history of CALL
     
  • Types of CALL used for oral language proficiency
     
  • Effects of CALL on students oral language proficiency

Brief History of CALL

  • Developed over the years
  • 3 phases: Behavioristic, Communicative, Integrative CALL
  • Behavioristic (1960-70s)
    • Traced back to the 1960s
    • Confined to the universities
    • Computer as a tutor
      • Drill and practice

Brief History of CALL

  • Communicative (1970-80s)
    • Personal Computers became available
    • More authentic communication
    • Expanded the "tutor" idea
    • Computer as a stimulus and tool
  • Integrative
    • Multimedia and Internet
    • Personal Development
    • Availability

Types of CALL for Oral Proficiency

  • Computer courses, learning programs , computer games, learning and teaching software, web-based materials
     
  • Integration of various language learning approaches

Types of CALL for Oral Proficiency

  • Listening
    • Comprehension approach, Natural approach, Total Physical Response
    • Krashen, Terrell
       
  • CALL for listening
    • ​Interactive audio-picture lessons
    • Songs and lyrics
    • Listening labs
    • TPR online
    • English Interactive
    • Websites for listening activities

Types of CALL for Oral Proficiency

  • Speaking
    • Comprehensible output, audio-lingual method, Task-based approach, Communicative language teaching, Pronunciation approaches
    • Swain, Bygate
       
  • CALL for speaking
    • ​Language tutoring CD-ROMS
    • Focus English
    • Chats: video, chatrooms, conferencing, etc (ESL)
    • Conversational English websites
    • English sound websites

Effects of CALL on Oral Proficiency

  • Teachers need to be knowledgeable
  • Materials must be provided
  • Applies to various learning styles
  • Extend learning to different environments
  • Effects attitudes of students
  • Increases motivation
  • Increase in oral language proficiency

Summary

  • CALL has developed overtime and is continuing to
  • CALL for oral profciency is available
  • CALL has positive effects on oral language proficiency

References 

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Carr, N. T., Crocco, K., Eyring, J. L., & Gallego, J. C. (n.d.). Perceived Benefits of Technology Enhanced Language Learning in Beginnin
 Language Classes. International Association for Language Learning Technology, 41(1). Retrieved from http://www.iallt.org/iallt_journal/perceived_benefits_of_technology_enhanced_language_learning_in_beginning_language_clas

Chang, M.-M., & Lehman, J. D. (2002). Learning Foreign Language Through An Interactive Mulimedia Program: An Experimental Study on the Effects of the Relevance Component of th ARCS Model. CALICO Journal, 20(1), 81-98. Retrieved from https://www.calico.org/html/article_402.pdf

Davies, G. (n.d.). CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning). Retrieved from Centre for Languages, Linguistics & Area Studies: https://www.llas.ac.uk/resources/gpg/61

Department of Education and Skills. (2006). Unit 4: Speaking, Listening, Learning: Working with Childen Learning English as an Additional Language. In Excellence and Enjoyment: Learning and Teahing for Bilingual Children in the Primary Years. Primary National Strategy. Retrieved from http://www.naldic.org.uk/Resources/NALDIC/Teaching%20and%20Learning/pri_pubs_bichd_213506_021.pdf

Huneycutt, T. (2013, October 8). Technology In The Classroom: The Benefits of Blended Learning. Retrieved from National Math + Science Initiative: http://www.nms.org/blog/TabId/58/PostId/188/technology-in-the-classroom-the-benefits-of-blended-learning.aspx

Morales, N. E. (2014, May). Use of Computer Assisted Language Learning. Education and Human Development Master's Thesis. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1398&context=ehd_theses

Noeth, R. J., & Boris B, V. (2004). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Technology in Our Schools. ACT. Retrieved from http://www.act.org/research/policymakers/pdf/school_tech.pdf

Shafaei, A. (2012). Computer Assisted Learning: A Helpful Approach in Learning English. Frontiers of Language and Teaching, 3. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/2365227/Computer_Assisted_Learning_A_Helpful_Approach_in_Learning_English

Shepherd, A. (2008, May 8). Speaking and Listening. TES Connect. Retrieved from https://www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storycode=2113584

Thank You

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