Prosody!
DH 190: Scholarly Text Encoding
Week 6 // February 9, 2016
Prof. Mackenzie Brooks
TEI Module 6: Verse
Homework follow up
<step n="1">Do this</step>Remember, XML is a language.
Think about parts of speech. Attributes modify elements like adjectives modify nouns.
Watch your spaces.
Prosody
The principles of metrical structure in poetry.
Meter
The rhythmical pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse.
Scansion
The analysis of the metrical patterns of a poem by organizing its lines into feet of stressed and unstressed syllables and showing the major pauses, if any. Scansion also involves the classification of a poem’s stanza, structure, and rhyme scheme.
Enjambment
The running-over of a sentence or phrase from one poetic line to the next, without terminal punctuation; the opposite of end-stopped.
Caesura
A stop or pause in a metrical line, often marked by punctuation or by a grammatical boundary, such as a phrase or clause.
Activity #1: For Better for Verse
- Visit > http://prosody.lib.virginia.edu
- Choose a poem.
- Determine the rhyme in the left column.
- Mark the stressed and unstressed syllables.
- Mark the feet of the poem. Take a guess at the name of the meter.
- Check your work with the built-in tools.
1. Locate any polysyllabic words and mark their stresses, as given in a dictionary.
2. Mark the stressed monosyllables. These will be most (but not always all!) of the following: nouns, main verbs, adjectives and adverbs, interjections, interrogative pronouns; and rhymes.
3. Mark the rest of the syllables slack. These will be unstressed syllables within polysyllabic words and most (but not always all!) of the following monosyllables: articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, conjunctions, relative pronouns.
4. Perform the score you just wrote, by playing it back to yourself. That is, read your scansion out loud and check it by ear against your provisional reading, negotiating between the two if necessary, and adjusting your scansion marks to reflect any changes of mind.
Scansion Rules of Thumb - For Better for Verse
TEI Module 3.12.1: Core tags for verse
<l>...</l> = used to mark up verse lines, not typographical lines (use <lb />)
<lg>...</lg> = regular groupings of lines as units of some kind
- can have @type @subtype @met @real @rhyme
- can nest hierarchically
TEI Module 6: Verse
<seg></seg> = (arbitrary segment) represents any segmentation of text below the ‘chunk’ level.
- can be nest hierarchically
<l>
<seg type="foot">
<seg type="syll">Ar</seg>
<seg type="syll">ma </seg>
<seg type="syll">vi</seg>
</seg>
</l>TEI Module 6: Verse
<caesura/> = marks the point at which a metrical line may be divided
@enjamb = indicates that the end of a verse line is marked by enjambement. Sample values include: 1] no; 2] yes; 3] weak; 4] strong
<l enjamb="y">Un astrologue, un jour, se laissa choir</l>
<l>Au fond d'un puits.</l>TEI Module 6: Verse
@met (metrical structure, conventional) = contains a user-specified encoding for the conventional metrical structure of the element.
@real (metrical structure, realized) = contains a user-specified encoding for the actual realization of the conventional metrical structure applicable to the element
@rhyme (rhyme scheme) = specifies the rhyme scheme applicable to a group of verse lines.
TEI Module 6: Verse
<lg type="chevy-chase-stanza"
met="-+-+-+-+/-+-+-+" rhyme="ababcdcd">
<l n="1"> Und frische Nahrung, neues Blut</l>
<l n="2" real="+--+-+"> Saug' ich aus freier Welt;</l>
<l n="3" real="+--+-+-+"> Wie ist Natur so hold und gut,</l>
<l n="4" real="---+-+"> Die mich am Busen hält!</l>
<l n="5"> Die Welle wieget unsern Kahn</l>
<l n="6"> Im Rudertakt hinauf,</l>
<l n="7"> Und Berge, wolkig himmelan,</l>
<l n="8"> Begegnen unserm Lauf.</l>
</lg>TEI Module 6: Verse
<rhyme></rhyme> = marks the rhyming part of a metrical line.
<lg type="quatrain" rhyme="abab">
<l>I wander thro' each charter'd <rhyme label="a">street</rhyme>,</l>
<l>Near where the charter'd Thames does <rhyme label="b">flow</rhyme>,</l>
<l>And mark in every face I <rhyme label="a">meet</rhyme>
</l>
<l>Marks of weakness, marks of <rhyme label="b">woe</rhyme>.</l>
</lg>Activity 2: more practice!
- Copy the poem that you scanned into a new TEI document in Oxygen.
- Encode the structure, rhyme, and meter (including the realized meter) of your poem.
- When you're finished, compare with the TEI from the project.
Activity 3: encoding lyrics
Activity 3: encoding lyrics
- Pick a song (could be the new Beyonce, could be "Can Vei la Lauzeta Mover") and look up the lyrics on genius.com
- Encode the structure, rhyme, and meter of your song in TEI.
- How would you encode the annotations found on the Genius website?
- Manuscript Analysis due when Prof. McCormick says so. ASK FOR HELP.
- Reading for next week on schedule. Topic is the teiHeader. Warning: I take my metadata very seriously.