Visual regression testing for Information Visualizations

BackViz

Ing. Nychol Bazurto Gómez

Ph.D. John Alexis Guerra Gómez

Presented by

Advisor

Schedule

Problem and goals

Solution strategy

Taxonomy 

BackViz design

Implementation detail 

Obtained results

Conclusions and future work 

Problem and goals

Lack of techniques for testing information visualizations that are able to deal with visualizations complexity.

PROBLEM

Basic interactions

Research questions

Are there any areas of current software testing research and techniques that adequately address the needs for data visualization testing?

Software Engineering Institute's taxonomy

Research questions

Are there any areas of current software testing research and techniques that adequately address the needs for data visualization testing?

Or even, where is GUI testing?

How can a data visualization developer develop automated tests that cover visualization interactions and without excessive effort?

Software testing technique

Visual regression testing

  • Most errors are incorporated as "improves" the visualization.
  • It's an effective technique to test CSS in web development.
  • Widely used now in the industry.

1

 Run some tests on the site.​ 

2

Take screenshots of interactions/components.

3

Compare those screenshots against a baseline and report differences.

How can a data visualization developer develop automated tests that cover visualization interactions and without excessive effort?

Visual Analytics basics

VA framework

VA Interactions

Channel

 

 

Mark

How can a data visualization developer develop automated tests that cover visualization interactions and without excessive effort?

Behavior Driven Development

Solution strategy

Taxonomy strategy

Some steps from a mapping study were used to combine with systematic review

Framework strategy

Approaches

Every element it's in the same position, with the same length and if it's working according to the behavior expected in the code.

Detect if ...

Something was change related to essential concepts in visual analytics, like channel and marks linked to an interaction, e.g:

If when the user is hovering over some element and this one is red instead of blue (supposing blue was the style defined at the beginning).

Also, detecting if a filter is failing using the same data, maybe due to a new change, ignoring some datum. This is the strategy with more sense in the project case.

Strategy

Taxonomy 

SEI Taxonomy

7 categories

200 testing types

Study selection

Result

Result

BackViz design

BDD module

VRT module

Writing tests

Interpreter

Execute

Headless Browser (Execute DOM interactions

Image comparator

Report

Tools choice

  • Open source
  • Cover entire flow  of VRT

Percy

Tools choice

Cucumber understands the language Gherkin. It is a Business Readable, Domain Specific Language that lets you describe software's behavior.

Gherkin serves two purposes — documentation and automated tests.

Obtained results

Feature: Barchart

  Scenario: Hover a bar
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:7000/"
    And I have ".bar" class
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    When I "hover"
    Then I check "color"


  Scenario: Check all data
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:7000/"
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    Then I check "all"

  1. Color hover
  2. Data

Result

Result

Obtained results

Feature: Scatterplot

  Scenario: Click a dot
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:8000/"
    And I have ".dot" class
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    When I "hover"
    Then I check "embeded" 

  Scenario: Check all data
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:8000/"
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    Then I check "all"
  1. Color
  2. Shape
  3. Data

Obtained results

Without changes

Obtained results

Color changes

// setup fill color
var cValue = function(d) { return d.Manufacturer;},
    color = d3.scale.category20();

Shape changes

      "misMatchThreshold" : 0.1,
      "requireSameDimensions": true

Less data

Obtained results

Feature: Tree

  Scenario: Drag a node
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:8000/"
    And I have ".nodeCircle" class
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    When I "drag"
    Then I check "position" 

  Scenario: Click a node
    Given I have my app "http://localhost:8000/"
    And I have ".nodeCircle" class
    And I have some devices
    |   label  | width | height |
    |   phone  | 320   |    480 |
    |   tablet | 1024  |    768 |
    When I "click"
    Then I check "expand"
  1. Click
  2. Drag

Click

Obtained results

Drag and drop

Some issues

Chromy

pkill -f "(chrome)?(--headless)"
  • Cookies
  • Zombie chrome-headless instances

Some issues

Drag and drop implementation

//Llamamos a la libreria de casper
var casper = require("casper").create({
    viewportSize: {
        width: 1024,
        height: 768
    }
});
 
casper.start('http://localhost:9000', function() {    
    this.wait(2000);
    this.capture('before.png');    
    this.mouse.down(400, 550);

       this.mouse.move(850, 650);
}).then(function() {
    this.mouse.up(910, 700);
}).then(function() {
    this.capture('after.png');
    });
 
casper.run();

Slimer

casperjs dragndrop.js

before

after

BackViz!

Conclusions

  • Design and implementation of a prototype framework to perform testing on visualizations, BackViz. It enriches the development process (particularly testing) of the visualizers.
  • Propose a taxonomy of testing types, which establishes a notion of the existing techniques and the gap to test systems of the nature of visualizations.
  • Letting them establish their tests and applied along the time, detecting bugs or undesired changes incorporated through new releases.
  • The dynamism of the idioms in VA, demands an update of the possible steps and interactions.

Future work

The complexity of possible test scenarios for visualizations, keeping in mind the universe of interactions and the possibility of combining different idioms, maximizes the importance of the existence of a testing mechanism. For this reason, it is necessary to fully implement the framework that is not part of the scope of this project.

Other possible testing techniques could be applied as would be the static code analysis, to narrow the visualizer scenarios and guarantee that their tests are defined explicitly within what is possible according to the code.

A validation process of the entire library for a diverse set of visualizations is necessary.

Complete Systematic Review could be done, in order to cover all steps and produces a taxonomy more strict in software engineering sense.

Bibliography

Bibliography

Thank you!

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