Is it moral?
A person was arrested for suspecting of involving in a terrorist attack in a railway station killing 3 people and hurting 20 others.
The government has the right to use all kinds of means, including beating, electric shock,psychological torture, in order to extract more information on the attack.
"It is immoral!"
Judgement
- No evidence
- Government's abuse
- Social controversies
Forbid extracting confession by torturing
Natural right/Hobbes/Theory of justice
Natural rights are
rights that all of us
are born with.
"
"
——John Locke
Natural right
Men are born equal and independent.
Have the natural right to defend what are essential for
them to function well as persons:
life, health, liberty, and possessions.
No one can interfere such right, not even the government.
LIFE.LIBERTY.HEALTH.HAPPINESS.
Life.Health.
Beating and electric shock are infringements of health.
Being are all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life and health.
Liberty.
Happiness.
No absolute or arbitrary power to use a criminal when he has got him in hands.
People have right of liberty which nobody can interfere.
Title Text
Hobbes's view on man
Men are inclined to peace
Men give up some liberty so to be able to secure the advantages of peace and be able to live in a community
Men live in commonwealths for their own self-interest and self-preservation.
Men give up certain self-governing who have the absolute power to decide and act for them.
Men have same rights in the community.
What is immoral?
People give their power to police to protect them, not supposing them to use violence.
Hobbes’ Social Theory
immoral
LEVIATHAN
The second part about Leviathan—The country
Rawls's theory
of justice
Justice is Fairness Theory
principles of justice
Each person has an equal right to have coexist with others similar freedom right , the most extensive basic freedom.
first principle
Everyone should enjoy equal rights consistent with a similar liberty for all of the most extensive and comprehensive, equal basic liberties.
social influence
Conclusion
the one who is tortured!
the government!
the public!
Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692
strange symptoms on girls
suspector: magic and witches
the execution of 20 people
Eventually...
They were innocent.
A WRONG
CASE!
the principle of equality