125班29號賴昱錡
ck1100801@gl.ck.tp.edu.tw
COP26
Glasgow Climate Pact
What is "Extreme Weather"?
How does it form?
Refering to weather phenomena that are at the extremes of the historical distribution and are rare for a particular place and/or time, especially severe or unseasonal weather.
RCP stands for "Representative Concentration Pathway". It is also known as a greenhouse gas concentration (not emissions) trajectory adopted by the IPCC.
Simply put, it is the "scenario assumption" of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions for different degrees of warming paths
RCP | Radiant Force (W/m^2) |
CO2 concentration(ppm) |
---|---|---|
2.6 | 3.0 | 490 |
4.5 | 4.5 | 650 |
6.0 | 6.0 | 850 |
8.5 | 8.5 | 1370 |
Projections for crop suitability to 2100 and 2500 under the moderate–high RCP6.0 emission scenario. ->
<- Mean number of months per year where heat stress exceeds 38°C (UTCI scale) in present (2020) and future climates
Different extreme weather types
and its effect on environment
More than five consecutive days with a maximum temperature of more than 5°C (9°F) above the average maximum temperature.
Related to the result of high pressure in the atmosphere.
It can cause heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and febrile convulsion in peopl
Heatwaves in some areas last so long because blocking high air pressure blocks fast airflow in the upper atmosphere, which can't get into the hot cap and cold air.
Generally speaking, a cold current refers to a high pressure generated at high latitudes, a cold high pressure invading low latitudes, and finally going to sea to degenerate cold air
During a cold snap, the cold air causes a sudden drop in local temperature, a sudden increase in ground pressure, and sometimes strong winds and large waves.
It refers to the phenomenon that the air pressure in the North Pole and the air pressure in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere show an inverse relationship.
Heat islands are urbanized areas that experience higher temperatures than outlying areas.
From the heat storage of sunlight by buildings and asphalt, the hot air exhausted by the air conditioning equipment in the buildings in the city, the urban dome effect caused by the reduction of trees, etc.
A mature tropycal cyclone.
Closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and/or squalls.
Sea-level rise resulting from climate change will also worsen the effects of these strong typhoons.
A natural disaster, which refers to the phenomenon of water flow in which the water body contained in rivers, lakes and oceans rises and exceeds the normal water level.
Typhoon, snow water, rain.
Flash Flooding.
Cause
Details
Conjecture has it that more cold extremes over the mid-latitude continents should occur due to global warming and the impacts of Arctic sea ice loss. A Northern Hemisphere temperature signal termed the "Warm Arctic, Cold Continent" pattern has thus been surmised.
How to reduce the harm caused by extreme weather?
The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and capacity.
An adaptation pathway is a decision-making strategy that is made up of a sequence of manageable steps or decision-points over time. Characteristics of the strategy are: Each decision-point is triggered by some change (environmental or social).
SSPs integrate different population, economic growth, and other socioeconomic assumptions into future emission scenarios. They also consider a broad potential no-policy baseline scenario and how different mitigation scenarios can be achieved under different socioeconomic pathways.
- Keep fossil fuels in the ground.
- Invest in renewable energy.
- Switch to sustainable transport.
- Help us keep our homes cosy.
- Improve farming and encourage vegan diets.
- Restore nature to absorb more carbon.
How is the TaiCCAT DSS(Decision Support System) implemented?
Measurable ability of any urban system, with its inhabitants, to maintain continuity through all shocks and stresses, while positively adapting and transforming towards sustainability.
Engineering method -> Adaption
TaiCCAT is a systematic standard procedure developed by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Reference to the relevant international adaptation assessment framework and considering the current domestic situation.
It clearly defines the sub-steps and work items of each step, etc. And provide complete construction guidelines.
Q1:
There may be more than one correct answer.
Choose the incorrect statements:
(A)TaiCCAT consists of six-step process.
(B)The hot/heat wave forms in low pressure environment.
(C)A RCP is a greenhouse gas concentration (equals to CO2 emissions).
(D)"Warm Arctic, Cold Continents” trend pattern is due to sea ice loss.
(E)In adaption pathway, each decision-point is triggered by some change (environmental or social).
Answer: (B)(C)
Q2:
Which of the following is NOT in the process of TaiCCAT?
(A)Defining the problem and goal
(B)Assessing and analyzing current risks
(C)Planning and executing adaption pathways
(D)Carrying out massive urban renewal
(E)Defining and avaluating adaption options
Answer: (D)
Thank you for listening.
IPCC
TCCIP
BBC news