Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Why CCC?
Colorado must significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions and encourage clean technologies.
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Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
- 100% Renewable energy use by 2040
- 90% reductions in 2005 emissions levels by 2050
How
-
Permit/ license the emissions of greenhouse gas
- Issue tokens for confirmable activities that reduce or eliminate greenhouse gasses
- Provide a reliable return on tokens issued
- Enforce penalties for emissions
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Leverage blockchain, regulation, and feebates.
Permitting/ Licensing
Any entity that will emit more than a certain amount of greenhouse gasses must purchase a license or permit for producing those emissions.
Accidental emission permits are required within 30 days of an incident.
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Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Enforcement
Entities emitting more emissions than permitted must pay a penalty of at least 150% of the standard permit/license cost.
If the entity cannot shoulder that cost, the senior management of that entity may be held personally responsible.
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Rebates
Issued with confirmed emission avoidance or greenhouse gas sequestration
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Colorado Clean Environment Enterprise
A state enterprise C2E2
- Regulate greenhouse emissions
- Provide feebates for reduction strategies
- Confirm and enforce rules/ regulations
- Levy penalties
- Manage the Clean Colorado Coin
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Regulation
- Minimum emission levels (Waivers)
- Annual rates permits/ licenses
- Enforce limits
- Confirm emissions
- Levy fines and penalties
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Rebates via CCC
- Mint tokens in annual tranches
- Set rate of return on tokens
- Traceable back to source
- Tradeable in secondary markets
- Guaranteed rate of return
- Paid in non-expiring non-refundable tax credits
Award tokens based on provable emissions avoidance or greenhouse gas sequestration
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Year 1
- C2E2 (State Enterprise)
- Regulatory authority
- Staff
- Licenses/permit fees
- First tranche return rate
- Token
- Confirmation methods
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Legislation Enacted to establish
C2E2 Organization
Year 2
- Issue permits/ licenses/ penalties
- Collect fees
- Award tokens for confirmed savings, sequestration, or other activities
- Publish all licenses, permits, penalties, fees and awards on a publicly confirmable blockchain
- Set rate of return for next tranche
- Modify fees if needed
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
C2E2 Activites
Year 3+
- Pay CDOR for used for nonrefundable tax credits.
- Issue permits/ licenses/ penalties
- Collect fees
- Award tokens for confirmed Savings, Sequestration, or other activities
- Publish all licenses, permits, penalties, fees and awards on a publicly confirmable blockchain
- Set rate of return for next tranche
- Modify fees if needed
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
C2E2 Activites
In Practice
- ABC Energy Alternatives installs solar panels on 1000 Colorado homes and provides .
- C2E2 has set 7.07 × 10-4 metric tons CO2/kWh
- After confirmation, C2E2 issues 5 CCC (~$10,000)
- Rate of return has been set to 1.3%
Options: Next tax year
- Hold the tokens as an investment
- Sell the tokens to another entity
- Exchange for a $10,130 tax credit
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Future Policies
C2E2 can award tokens for any activity that lowers greenhouse gases.
Such as:
- Electric car owners based on miles driven
- Wind or Solar energy generation
- Proof of ridership on RTD
- Sequestering CFCs
- Closing oil and natural gas sites
- Leveraging rail over truck and plane transport
- Encouraging zero-emissions agriculture
- Planting carbon absorbing plants
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
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Future Policies
C2E2 can require permits for any activity that increases greenhouse gases.
Such as:
- Selling low efficiency vehicles
- Poorly managed fueling stations
- High parking capacity construction
- Use of high-emissions HVAC systems
- Clearing carbon absorbing flora
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Closing
100% Renewable energy use by 2040
Leveraging blockchain, regulatory authority, and incentives CCC and C2E2 will promote better business and personal decisions to move the state to 100% renewable energy by 2040
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Thank You
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro
Thank You
CCC/C2E2 will enable Colorado to convert to 100% Renewable Energy by 2040 and Greenhouse emission reduction of 90% by 2050 compared to 2005 emission levels by leveraging
blockchain technology, regulation, and feebates.
Copyright 2021: Russell Castagnaro