Programming in
minutes
Python
60
What is programming?
Programming is the process of taking an algorithm and encoding it into a notation, a programming language, so that it can be executed by a computer.
HUH??
An algorithm is a set of instructions to complete a task
A notation is a method of representing something by a special system
We use programming languages (notation) to represent our instructions (algorithms)
Computers run these programs and complete our tasks!
In simpler terms...
We want a task done!
We create a set of instructions
We write these instructions in a programming language
The computer runs this program
The computer does this task for us!
In even more simpler terms...
We program to make our lives easier! We make our computers do our tasks for us!
Introducing
Python is used in...
Python
Web development
Trivago
Data Science
Software Prototyping
Let's get started and code in Python!
Online compilers lets us run our code without us having to download any software
print()
Used to send output to your computer screen
Hello, world!
My name is ___.
I am learning Python!Exercise: Can you try printing this to your screen?
Can print different data types
Is a built-in function
More on these points later...
Basic Data Types
Used to represent different types of data
<class 'float'>
<class 'bool"'>Exercise: Can you try printing this to your screen?
strings
boolean (True/False)
integer, floats (decimal numbers)
type() tells you the data type
type(<data>)<class 'str'>
print(type("hello world"))Built-in Functions
Used to complete a specific task
print("Hello, world!")
type(4.0)Exercise: What is the task of print()? What is the task of type()?
Can be re-used whenever necessary!
Python provides these functions without us having to do anything!
Variables
Used to store some data and pull it out later
Variables are like containers, store some data, pull it out later
The Variable Song (by Colt Steele)
x = 3
print(x)name = "sheeza"
print(name)#Variable Syntax
#<var> = <expression>- Variables must start with a letter or underscore character
- Variables must only contain alpha-numeric and underscores
- Variables are case-sensitive
Variable Naming Rules
Exercise: Can you try printing this to your screen by using a variable for your name?
Hello, world!
My name is ___.
I am learning Python!Basic Operators
Used to perform mathematical or logical operations
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
== equal to
!= not equal to
< less than
> greater than
<= less than or equal to
>= greater than or equal to
num1 = 1
num2 = 2
print(num1 + num2)
print(num1 * 3)Exercise: Determine the output of this program?
print(3 > 2)
print(2 == (1+1))
print(4 / 2)input()
Used to receive input from the user
input("Please enter a number: ")Exercise: Use an input prompt to get the user's name and then print out their name
Can store this input in a variable
user_num = input("Please enter a number: ")This input is read as a string
The program does not continue until the user provides an input
My name is __.
I am __ years old.Exercise 2: Print the following:
float()
Used to convert numbers in strings to floating point numbers
wage = 16.75
weekly_hours = input("How many hours a week do you work?: ")
#weekly_salary = ?
print("You make", weekly_salary, "per week!")Exercise: Complete the code to calculate the weekly salary of a user
temperature = input("Please enter the current temperature of your area")
temperature = float(temperature)
print("41") # '41'
print(float("41")) # 41.0If statements
Used to complete a task if a condition is true
Exercise: Create a variable password and store some text in it. Ask the user for their password and if the user_password matches the password, print "welcome, user!"
In other words, used to make decisions for our programs
if <condition>:
<do something>
elif <conditon>:
<do something different>
else:
<do something different>Recap
Built-in Functions
Used to complete a specific task
The ones we learnt are:
print() - prints output to the screen
type() - tells you the data type
input() - gets input from the user
float() - converts numbers in strings to floats
Variables
Used to store data so that we can reuse it later
Recap
Basic Operators
Data Types
Used to represent different types of data
The ones we learnt are:
strings
boolean (True/False)
integer, floats (decimal numbers)
Used to perform mathematical or logical operations
The ones we learnt are:
== equal to
!= not equal to
< less than
> greater than
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
<= less than or equal to
>= greater than or equal to
Mini Project Using Everything We've Learnt!
What should you wear?
If temperature is less than 0 degrees Celsius, you should wear a jacket, scarf, and mittens
If temperature is in between 0 and 15 degrees Celsius, you should wear a light coat
If temperature is greater than 15 degrees Celsius, you should wear a light shirt
Can you see this in code?