Bidirectional BCI Control of a Mini-Robot

Cortical Control of Muscles via Functional Electrical Stimulation

• restore movement for paralysis from spinal cord injury
• neural signals from motor cortex to stimulate spinal cord/muscle- reanimate limbs
• operant condition monkeys to move a cursor, monkey continues to move cursor with neural activity without actual hand movement
• can't operate for a long period of time because it results in muscle fatigue

Establishing New Connections between Brain Regions

• establish an artificial connection to induce neural plasticity and functional reorganization.
• recall principle of plasticity
• Neurochip implant into M1- instructed simulator circuit to deliver constant-current pulses 
• artificial connections mimicked the real connections