Outline​

• 5. Discussion
  • 5.1. Step 11: Top 35 and Top 100 urban configurations
  • 5.2. Step 12: Verifying results
• 6. Conclusions

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Methodology
  • BMC
    • Urban density​
    • Urban building forms
    • Urban pattern
• 3. Validation study
• 4. Results
  • 4.1. Step 8: Impact of urban morphology on cooling load
  • 4.2. Step 9: Impact of urban morphology on ventilation potential

Introduction

[Background]

• Overpopulation + urbanization → energy consumption ↑ = carbon emission ↑ inf. CC. 
• Basic unit: building energy usage = HVAC + lightening + power → inf. by urban climate
• Ex. Urban Heat Island effect → cooling energy consumption → heat waste → vicious cycle ↑

[Research site: Tehran, Iran]

• Urban population in Iran >> global average growth rate (74%).
• Energy consumption per capita in Iran is five times higher than the world average.

Introduction

[Literature Review]

• Focus on urban morphology on energy demand and wind potential for ventilation.​
• 3 approaches in modeling urban morphology:
  (1) hypothetical configurations,
  (2) real-site configurations or (3) both configurations.
• 4 methods for simulating thermal behavior and ventilation potential:
  (1) observations in real-sites,
  (2) real-site measurement,
  (3) experiments in the laboratory scale
  (4) numerical methods.

Introduction

[Literature Review]

• 6 most influencing parameters of urban morphology that should be taken into account to save energy for cooling are:
  (1) urban density or compactness
  (2) building form or geometry in neighborhoods
  (3) streets or canopies geometry
  (4) H/W ratio (building height divided by street width)
  (5) shading obstacles (trees or adjacent buildings) or devices
  (6) buildings orientation (= facade = feng-shui)

Introduction

[Research Question]

• WHY?
  Vicious cycle of energy demand and micro climate.
   
• HOW?
  Invent a new modeling way "Building Modular Cell (BMC)" to simulate.
   
• WHAT?
  To know the best urban configurations on reducing cooling load and increasing ventilation potential and its impact in hot arid climate

Urban density

• 建築環境總面積（TBEA, Total Built Environment Area）

• 都市開放空間總面積（TAUO, Total Area of Urban Open spaces）

• 都市建物總面積（TAUB, Total Area of Urban Buildings）

Q&A