Dependency management with Composer

Espen Hovlandsdal


The problem?


The problem

  • Keeping dependency code
    • Up to date
    • Out of version control
  • require() gets old

The solution


Composer is...

  • Dependency manager
  • Not a package manager
  • Inspired by
    • npm
    • ruby's bundler
  • a CLI tool

Composer


  • Per-project
  • Open inclusion
  • Central repository
vs

PEAR


  • System-wide
  • Strict control
  • Dispersed channels


 

  • Composer central repository
  • 19 854 packages registered
    • December 12th 2013

Installing


Locally:
$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

Globally:
$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=bin

Protip:
 $ ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer

Keeping it updated


 $ composer self-update
Updating to version ae3b7ad5c07d1df35cf4c2d. Downloading: 100%

Getting started


$ cd <your-project>$ composer init[...] Follow step-by-step guide$ cat composer.json$ composer install

composer.json

 {
  "name": "imbo/imboclient",
  "require": {
    "php": ">=5.3.2",
    "guzzle/guzzle": "~3.7.4"
  },
  "require-dev": {
    "phpunit/phpunit": "3.7.*"
  },
  "autoload": {
    "psr-0": {
      "ImboClient": "library"
    }
  },
  "description": "PHP client for the Imbo-project",
  "keywords": ["image storage", "image transformation"],
  "license": "MIT",
  "authors": [{
      "name": "Christer Edvartsen"
  }],
  "support": {
    "issues": "https://github.com/imbo/imboclient-php/issues",
    "irc": "irc://irc.freenode.net/imbo"
  }
}

The lock file

  • Generated on install
  • Ensures same versions
  • Updated by composer update
  • Add it to version control!

Versioning

  • Composer encourages semver
    • X.Y.Z / X.Y
  • Supports a range of version selectors
    • >= 1.2.0
    • >= 1.2.4, <=1.4.0
    • 1.2.*
    • ~1.2.4

Autoloading

  • require() is for suckers
  • Define an autoloader type
    • PSR-0
    • Classmap
    • Specific files


Autoloading, in use


<?php
require BASE_PATH . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use ImboClient\Client as ImboClient,
    Silex\Application;

$imbo = new ImboClient(); $app = new Application();


Private repositories

  • Basically just a JSON file
  • Satis will get you started
  • Define repository in projects:

 "repositories": [
    {
        "type": "composer",
        "url": "http://private.satis.example.org"
    },
    {
        "type": "vcs",
        "url": "git://example.org/MyRepo.git"
    },
    {
        "packagist": false
    }
]

Bootstrapping projects


$ composer create-project imbo/imbo

  • Installs package
  • Installs dependencies
  • Nice for skeletons etc

Post/pre-scripts

  • Run PHP-code
  • ...or shell commands
  • Lots of flexibility

Publishing

  • Sign up on packagist.org
  • Add your repository URL
  • If using Github, add service hook
    • Packagist updated on every push
  • Do it! Share your stuff!

That's all!

Thanks.

Questions?

Dependency management: composer

By Espen Hovlandsdal

Dependency management: composer

  • 2,655