Why Pandas?

• Vectorization for the masses
• Extract Transform Load
• Munging & data prep is a big part of the pipeline

How Pandas?

• Fast and Efficient DataFrame
• Interoperability with ecosystem
• Database-like
• User friendly API

The PyData Stack

• automatic data alignment
• rolling, expanding, and EWM operations
• timeseries ops: fillna, dropna
• resampling & ordered merges
• timezone handling
• date offsets & holiday support
• intelligent interactive indexing

Why Pandas in Finance?

• implementation time
• runtime
• resource utilization

What do we care about when writing code?

• feature set
• readability counts
• maintenance is a virtue
• tests & docs

Constraints

Objectives

Why do we care about performance?

• dtype segregation
• block memory layout

What drives pandas?

• dtype segregation
• block memory layout
• computation backends

What drives pandas?

• numpy
• bottleneck
• numexpr
• dask
• numba
• libpandas
• DyND

Computation Backends

http://slides.com/jeffreback/ds4ds-pandas#/

• dtype segregation
• block memory layout
• computation backends
• cython for critical parts
• hashtable for indexing

What drives pandas?

• algo
• idioms
• built-in / vectorization
  • pandas/numpy
  • bottleneck/numexpr
  • cython
• ad-hoc cython/numba

How to make pandas fast

• algo
• idioms
• built-in / vectorization
  • pandas/numpy
  • bottleneck/numexpr
  • cython
• ad-hoc cython/numba

How to make pandas fast

• algo
• idioms
• built-in / vectorization
  • pandas/numpy
  • bottleneck/numexpr
  • cython
• ad-hoc cython/numba

How to make pandas fast

• apply across the rows

How to make pandas fast

slow

• apply across the rows
• itertuples/iterrows

How to make pandas fast

slow

• apply across the rows
• itertuples/iterrows
• iterative updating

How to make pandas fast

slow

Do's

• have the correct dtypes

• pd.concat

• Categoricals

• .apply across columns

Don'ts

• repeated insertions

• micro optimize

• use loops / re-invent the wheel

• .apply across rows

• .applymap

• nest groupby.apply()

• inplace=True

• conversions

Memory Considerations

• conversions
• categoricals

Memory Considerations

• conversions
• categoricals
• iterators

Memory Considerations

• HDF5
• bcolz
• CSV
• SQL
• JSON
• pickle
• msgpack
• feather

I/O & Serialization

http://matthewrocklin.com/blog/work/2015/03/16/Fast-Serialization/

http://odo.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

Global-Interpreter-Lock

http://continuum.io/blog/pandas-releasing-the-gil

dask

• Collections build task graphs
• Schedulers execute task graphs
• Graph specification = uniting interface
• A generalization of RDDs

(((A + 1) * 2) ** 3)

(B - B.mean(axis=0)) + (B.T / B.std())

https://dask.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

http://blaze.pydata.org/blog/2016/02/17/dask-distributed-1/

http://matthewrocklin.com/blog/work/2015/01/06/Towards-OOC-Scheduling