A

① What

• What 's universal

• what's  the purpose

g

e

n

a

d

What happens

when you type

www.google.com

in your browser？

client

Get Page

server

(CDN

/CGI)

Period  I

* Picture by Wassim Chegham

Get Page

server

(CDN

/CGI)

Period  II

client

- DNS, TCP,RTT 

Get Page

server

(CDN

/CGI)

Period  III server-side rendering

client

More

Optimize?

Front End Community

renderToString

2.0

 Backbone

 FastBoot

WAKE UP

Angular Universal is coming!!!

There are only two hard things in Computer Science:

• Cache invalidation

• Naming things

-- Phil Karlton

• 2011: isomorphic-javascript
• 2013: AirBnb  Isomorphic
• 2015: Universal Javascript

Full Stack 

Front End:

Back End:

• Angular 2 (DI, Router...)
• TypeScript
• Webpack, system.js...
• Sass, postcss...
• rx.js (Observable)
• zone.js (async)

• Node.js (Express, Hapi)
• Asp.net
• preboot.js
• Parse5...

广发证券原创书籍

《揭秘 Angular 2》

Github:

lightningtgc/ awesome-ng2

Get Page

server

(CDN)

client

< 1s

interaction

What's

the purpose?

(Why?)

< 1s

Initial Load

APP take over

Server rendered view
became visible

Without server-side rendering

With server-side rendering

SEO

YES

Angular 2

Universal

Angular 2

SPA

How To Start?

At  First

Projects Relations:

universal-starter

 Universal Starter Kit (Express.js + Webpack)

git clone https://github.com/angular/universal-starter.git

npm install

npm start

How it works?

Node

npm start

server.ts

index.html

Express

engine

Browser

send

Show me the code?

前方高能。。。

{
  "name": "universal-starter",
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "scripts": {
     "start": "npm run server",

     "prestart": "npm run build",
     "prebuild": "rimraf dist",
     "build": "webpack",

     "server": "nodemon dist/server/index.js"
  }
}

package.json (mini version) 

   > npm start

①Server Line

import * as express from 'express';
const app = express();
// Angular 2 Universal
import { expressEngine } from 'angular2-universal';

// Express View
app.engine('.html', expressEngine);
app.set('views', __dirname);
app.set('view engine', 'html');

import { ngApp } from './main.node';
// ensure routes match client-side-app
app.get('/', ngApp);
app.get('/home', ngApp);

// Server
let server = app.listen(process.env.PORT || 3000, () => {
  console.log(`See: localhost:${server.address().port}`);
});

server.ts (mini version)

import {
  REQUEST_URL,ORIGIN_URL,NODE_LOCATION_PROVIDERS,
  NODE_HTTP_PROVIDERS,ExpressEngineConfig
} from 'angular2-universal';
import { provideRouter } from '@angular/router';
import { APP_BASE_HREF } from '@angular/common';
// Application
import {App} from './app/app.component';
import {routes} from './app/app.routes';

export function ngApp(req, res) {
  let baseUrl = '/';
  let url = req.originalUrl || '/';
  let config: ExpressEngineConfig = {
    directives: [ App ],
    platformProviders: [
      {provide: ORIGIN_URL, useValue: 'http://localhost:3000'},
      {provide: APP_BASE_HREF, useValue: baseUrl},
    ],
    providers: [
      {provide: REQUEST_URL, useValue: url},
      NODE_HTTP_PROVIDERS,NODE_LOCATION_PROVIDERS
      provideRouter(routes)
    ],
    async: true,
    preboot: true
  };
  res.render('index', config);
}

main.node.ts

@Component({
  selector: 'app', // <app></app>
  directives: [  ...ROUTER_DIRECTIVES,   XLarge  ],
  styles: [` * { padding:0; margin:0; }`],
  template: `<span x-large>Hello {{ title }}!</span>`
})
export class App {
  title: string = 'Tang Guichuan';
  data = {};
  server: string;

  constructor(public http: Http) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    setTimeout(() => {
      this.server = 'This was rendered from the server!';
    }, 10);
    // use services for http calls
    this.http.get('/data.json')
      .subscribe(res => {
        this.data = res.json();
      });
  }
}

app.component.ts ( just Angular 2 )

Preboot.js

1.preboot.complete()

& replayEvent

3.getInlineCode to insert into the server view.

2.prebootstrap.toString() & recordEvent

export function createPrebootHTML(code: string, config?: any): string {
  let html = '';

  html += `
    <style>
    ${ getPrebootCSS(config && config.uglify) }
    </style>
  `;

  html += `
    <script>
    ${ code }
    </script>
  `;

  if (config && config.start === true) {
    html += '<script>\n preboot.start(); \n</script>';
  }

  return html;
}

universal/src/node/ng_preboot.ts

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Angular 2 Universal Starter</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="description" content="Angular 2 Universal">
  <link rel="icon" href="data:;base64,iVBORw0KGgo=">
  <base href="/">
</head>
<body>
  <app>
    Loading Universal ...
  </app>
  <!-- In server.ts: 
    app.use(express.static(
        path.join(ROOT,'dist/client'),
        {index: false}
    )); -->
  <script src="/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>
  <title>Angular 2 Universal Starter</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="description" content="Angular 2 Universal">
  <link rel="icon" href="data:;base64,iVBORw0KGgo=">
  <base href="/">

<style>*[_ngcontent-yyj-1] { padding:0; margin:0; }
    #universal[_ngcontent-yyj-1] { text-align:center; font-weight:bold; padding:15px 0; }
}</style>
</head><body>
  <app _nghost-yyj-1="">
  <h3 _ngcontent-yyj-1="" id="universal">Angular2 Universal</h3>
  </app>

    <style>
    .preboot-overlay{background:grey;opacity:.27}@keyframes spin{to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}.preboot-spinner{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:5em;height:5em;margin:0 .5em;font-size:12px;text-indent:999em;overflow:hidden;animation:spin 1s infinite steps(8)}
    </style>
  
    <script>
    !function(e){if("object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module)module.exports=e();else if("function"==typeof define&&define.amd)define([],e);else{var ]});
    </script>

    <script>
    preboot.start();
    </script>

    <script src="/index.js"></script>

</body></html>

index.html (with prebootJS)

import {prebootComplete} from 'angular2-universal';
import {ngApp} from './main.browser';

// on document ready bootstrap Angular 2
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
  ngApp()
    .then(prebootComplete);
});

client.ts

② Browser Line

import {bootstrap} from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
import { provideRouter } from '@angular/router';
import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/http';

// Application
import {App} from './app/app.component';
import {routes} from './app/app.routes';

// you must return bootstrap for client.ts
export function ngApp() {
  return bootstrap(App, [
    ...HTTP_PROVIDERS,
    provideRouter(routes)
  ]);
}

main.browser.ts

export function prebootComplete(value?: any) {
  if ('preboot' in window && !prebootCompleted) {
    (<any>window).preboot.complete();
  }
  return value;
}

universal/src/browser/bootstrap.ts

  return {
    complete: complete,
    completeApp: completeApp,
    replayEvent: replayEvent,
    switchBuffer: switchBuffer,
    cleanup: cleanup,
    setFocus: setFocus,
    findClientNode: findClientNode,
    getNodeKey: getNodeKey
  };

preboot/src/browser/preboot_browser.ts

< 1s

interaction

Universal

Mechanism

Angular 1.x SSR?

Application(Components...)

Renderer(createElement, Event handlers..)

white: application

yellow: angular2

purple: execution environment

blue: angular-universal

Cross  platform

"Nothing

was achieved

in the comfort zone."

More

Universal

Universal CLI

Pre-rendering

At Build Time

import * as gulp from 'gulp';
import {gulpPrerender} from '@angular/universal';
import {App} from './app';

gulp.task("prerender", () => {
    return gulp.src(['index.html'])
        .pipe(gulpPrerender({
            directives: [App]
        }));
});

Killer feature

More

Back End

Universal Support :  

• Node.js ( Express, hapi)
• Asp.net 

More

Optimize

Call  HTTP request twice?

Others?

Best Practice

/////////////////////////
// ** Example Directive
// Notice we don't touch the Element directly

@Directive({
  selector: '[x-large]'
})
export class XLarge {
  constructor(element: ElementRef, renderer: Renderer) {
    // ** IMPORTANT **
    // we must interact with the dom through -Renderer-
    // for webworker/server to see the changes
    renderer.setElementStyle(element.nativeElement, 'fontSize', 'x-large');
    // ^^
  }
}

app.component.ts

DO NOT USE Global Namespace such as navigator or document from browser.

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