An introduction to GraphQL

Swarup Karavadi

@swazza85

About Me

MERN Stack for the past 1 year

Inclined towards the V-DOM Philosophy

Spent WAYYY to much time writing code for data fetching

Component

Redux Store

Reducers

State Updates

DataFetchSuccess

FetchData

Connect

Data Loaded?

Yes

No

Client Side Woes

Server Side Woes

Get All Enquiries ----> GET /enquiries
Add New Enquiry   ----> POST /enquiries
Delete Enquiry    ----> DELETE /enquiries/:enquiryId
Update Enquiry    ----> PUT    /enquiries/:enquiryId
Get Specific Enquiry -> GET /enquiries/:enquiryId
Get All Employees  ---> GET /employees
Get All Coaches    ---> GET /employees?type=Coach
.
.
.
Book Demo For Enquiry  ---> POST /enquiries/:enquiryId/bookDemo
Assign Coach To Enquiry --> POST /enquiries/:enquiryId/assignCoach/:coachId
Covert Enquiry To Member -> POST /enquiries/:enquiryId/convert

Business Logic is spread across Resources

URL Explosion

What's on the menu

  • What is GraphQL

  • Using GraphQL in your App

  • Why is GraphQL getting popular?

  • Fitting GraphQL into your Architecture

    • ​Client

    • Server

  • GraphQL vs REST

  • GraphQL Ecosystem

  • Queries & Mutations

  • A basic TODO app.

  • Q & A

What GraphQL is NOT

A specification for querying graph databases (checkout Tinkerpop/Gremlin)

An endpoint for querying Facebook's social graph

What is GraphQL

Created by Facebook

Query Language For your APIs

- GraphQL Docs

GraphQL is a Specification

Multiple Implementations can exist. Just like SQL.

Who is using it?

Among other popular users - (http://graphql.org/users/)

How Can you use GraphQL in your App?

Requires no change to existing API code

Requires an additional Server component to sit between your front end and the API layer

How Can you use GraphQL in your App?

API

Front End

REST Client

REST Resource1

REST Resource2

REST ResourceN

API

GraphQL Endpoint

Front End

GraphQL Client

w/o GraphQL

w GraphQL

Why is GraphQL getting so popular?

Single API Endpoint

Query for exactly what you need - No More, No Less

Query has same shape as data

Strongly Typed Schema

Example 1

Problem: Get all open issue titles for facebook's react repository

https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues?state=open
query { 
  repository(owner:"facebook", name:"react") { 
    issues(states:OPEN, first:100) {
      nodes {
        title
      }
    }
  }
}

REST

GraphQL

REST

https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues?state=open

No clue what the shape of the response will be.

Response throws the kitchen sink at you

Error in typing URLs results in 404 (Not Found) or worse - 400 (Bad Request)

{
  "message": "Not Found",
  "documentation_url": "https://developer.github.com/v3"
}

GraphQL

query { 
  repository(owner:"facebook", name:"react") { 
    issues(states:OPEN, first:1) {
      nodes {
        title
      }
    }
  }
}
{
  "data": {
    "repository": {
      "issues": {
        "nodes": [
          {
            "title": "Allow custom (nonstandard) attributes."
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

Query

Response

Query Shape == Response Shape

Got exactly what I asked for

GraphQL

query { 
  repository(owner:"facebook", name:"react") { 
    issues(states:"OPEN", first:1) {
      nodes {
        title
      }
    }
  }
}
{
  "data": null,
  "errors": [
    {
      "message": "Argument 'states' on Field 'issues' has an invalid value. 
Expected type '[IssueState!]'.",
      "locations": [
        {
          "line": 3,
          "column": 5
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Query

Response

Exact Error

Live Demonstration - Github API

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    "body": "**Do you want to request a *feature* or report a *bug*?**\r\nBug\r\n\r\n**What is the current behavior?**\r\nWhen the onFocus event handler of an <input> element calls stopPropagation, the cursor of the <input> element as well as the selection is not shown in Firefox 54.0.1 64 Bit. \r\n\r\n**Steps to reproduce**\r\nCreate an <input> element and call stopPropation() in the onFocus event handler. \r\n``` \r\nhandleOnFocus(e) {\r\n  e.stopPropagation();\r\n}\r\nrender() {\r\n  return <input onFocus={this.handleOnFocus} type=\"text\" />;\r\n}\r\n``` \r\n[JSFiddle](https://jsfiddle.net/y36vcoLb/1/)\r\n\r\n**What is the expected behavior?**\r\nExpected is that the cursor and the selection of text is visible in the <input> element, as seen in Chrome 58 64-Bit and Edge 38.\r\n \r\n**Which versions of React, and which browser / OS are affected by this issue? Did this work in previous versions of React?**\r\nI have seen this issue in React 15.5.4 and 15.6.1 in Firefox 54.0.1 64-Bit on Windows 10"
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    "body": "**Do you want to request a *feature* or report a *bug*?**\r\nfeature\r\n\r\n**What is the current behavior?**\r\nrefs on SFC do not currently work\r\n\r\n**What is the expected behavior?**\r\ntaking a ref on a SFC should be the equivalent of calling `findDOMNode` and simply return the highest DOM node from the rendered output\r\n"
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    "body": "After realizing this was the second time I've visited this exact page within a year and second guessing myself that the `textInput` ref isn't actually the `<input />` element; I'd like to submit this PR to attempt to make this more explicit. \r\n\r\nYou are actually accessing the method on the child class and not the `focus` method on the dom input element. \r\n\r\nHaving the methods named the same, `focus`, caused some confusion."
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    "id": 244211603,
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    "title": "`time` element is unrecognized - v16.0.0-alpha.13 ",
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    "body": "\r\n**Do you want to request a *feature* or report a *bug*?**\r\n\r\nBug?\r\n\r\n**What is the current behavior?**\r\n\r\n`<time>` tag is incorrectly reported as an invalid HTML element on Chrome Version 59.0.3071.115\r\n\r\nhttps://caniuse.com/#search=time\r\n\r\n![screen shot 2017-07-20 at 8 22 27 am](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/6487613/28395154-9ee940e4-6d24-11e7-91da-4b785c8dfa6b.png)\r\n\r\n**If the current behavior is a bug, please provide the steps to reproduce and if possible a minimal demo of the problem via https://jsfiddle.net or similar (template: https://jsfiddle.net/84v837e9/).**\r\n\r\nhttps://codesandbox.io/s/APYrw5JPO\r\n\r\n**What is the expected behavior?**\r\n\r\nSimilar to React 15,  `<time>` tag should be a valid HTML element.\r\n\r\n**Which versions of React, and which browser / OS are affected by this issue?**\r\n\r\n- `react 16.0.0-alpha.13`\r\n- `react-dom 16.0.0-alpha.13`\r\n- `Version 59.0.3071.115 (Official Build) (64-bit)`\r\n\r\n\r\n **Did this work in previous versions of React?**\r\n\r\nReact 15 did not report this error."
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    "body": "fix for #10212  , server renderer can support when returning array in render function"
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    "title": "Incorrect data in compositionend event when typing Korean on IE11",
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    "body": "To reproduce:\r\n* In IE11 (on Win7 or Win10) go to https://jsfiddle.net/robbertbrak/84v837e9/164/\r\n* Open the Developer console.\r\n* Switch to the Microsoft Korean IME (standard settings) and switch to Korean input.\r\n* Put the cursor in the contenteditable div and type `여름.` (on a QWERTY keyboard this is typed as `dufma.`).\r\n* Do the same for the input field.\r\nResult: in the developer console a list of composition events and the contents of the data attribute is logged. However, the data of the first `compositionend` event is wrong. It should be 여, not 여르. See screenshot below.\r\n\r\n![selection_329](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/734581/28353791-8c8a1454-6c5d-11e7-9b5f-b98c1a72927f.png)\r\n\r\nYou can see that this is wrong by trying out the same thing on https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/d4e/raw-file/tip/key-event-test.html. As seen in the screenshot below, a plain (non-React) input field emits a `compositionend` event with the proper data.\r\n\r\n![korean-11 413 15063 0](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/734581/28353853-ccd18628-6c5d-11e7-85e2-9a1cf1a42f40.png)\r\n\r\nThis occurs with the latest version of React, but I have also seen this behaviour in older versions. An example of where this causes problems is in Draft JS."
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    "body": "React 16 alpha allows returning array in render function but server renderer expects children to always be react elements\r\n\r\n```\r\nTypeError: Cannot read property 'toLowerCase' of undefined\r\n    at ReactDOMServerRenderer.renderDOM\r\n```\r\n\r\nsource\r\n```javascript\r\nfunction renderDOM(element, context) {\r\n    var tag = element.type.toLowerCase(); // element is array\r\n```\r\n\r\nFiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/84v837e9/160/\r\n\r\n**react@16.0.0-alpha.13**"
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    "body": "Instead of supporting `<svg>` directly, if we require people to write:\r\n\r\n```\r\nconst SVG = require('react-dom/svg');\r\n\r\n<SVG> ... </SVG>\r\n```\r\n\r\nthen we could avoid sending down SVGDOMPropertyConfig (and maybe other files? unknown) upfront. It would be good to investigate the potential benefits here.\r\n\r\ncc @sebmarkbage @acdlite @gaearon @nhunzaker @jquense @aweary "
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    "body": "- [ ] `ReactDOM`/`ReactNative.activeUpdates`. Similar to what we currently call `ReactDOM.unstable_syncUpdates` except updates are batched, and flushed at the end of the batch regardless of whether it's nested inside `batchedUpdates`. (#10225)\r\n- [ ] Opt-in subtree to async mode\r\n  - [x] Static flag on class components (`unstable_asyncUpdates`)\r\n  - [ ] `<React.unstable_Async />` component type\r\n\r\nItems we're considering for minor 16 releases, but have decided not to ship in 16.0:\r\n\r\n- Commit phase version of `willMount`/`willUpdate` (fires even for any deep set state in the subtree, and replaces the global `prepareForCommit`/`resetAfterCommit` host configs)\r\n- Passive versions of `didMount`/`didUpdate`"
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    "body": "**Do you want to request a *feature* or report a *bug*?**\r\n\r\n**What is the current behavior?**\r\n\r\n**If the current behavior is a bug, please provide the steps to reproduce and if possible a minimal demo of the problem via https://jsfiddle.net or similar (template: https://jsfiddle.net/84v837e9/).**\r\n\r\n**What is the expected behavior?**\r\n\r\n**Which versions of React, and which browser / OS are affected by this issue? Did this work in previous versions of React?**\r\n"
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    "body": "This pull request adds a new home screen for the DOM test fixtures that should make it easier to produce test cases without having to setup React locally. Additionally, it provides a \"file github issue\" button that will generate a new issue with auto-populated browser information:\r\n\r\n![example](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/590904/28267459-20d00638-6ac8-11e7-96c5-a99b57d7ff0a.gif)\r\n\r\nCheck it out here:\r\nhttp://react-dom-fixtures.surge.sh\r\n\r\n## Why this PR is so big\r\n\r\nIn order for this to work, I'm leaning on Formidable's [component-playground](https://github.com/FormidableLabs/component-playground). Naturally, they import React using commonjs. This is problematic for our existing way of handling versioned React code: `const React = window.React`. Webpack can smooth this over using the [`externals`](https://webpack.js.org/configuration/externals/) configuration, but that we can't (as far as I know) do that with `create-react-app`.\r\n\r\nSo I've ejected `create-react-app`, added this configuration, and updated all of the fixtures to use `import React` instead of `const React = window.React`. I've also tried my best to simplify/cut some fat, but this change set is bigger than I would have liked. \r\n\r\n## Other thoughts\r\n\r\nLong term, I would love to deploy this and make it a part of the release process. It would be awesome if we could farm out manual DOM testing to the community (though this is more of a pipe dream at the moment)."
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    "body": "IIRC currently they don’t. We should probably leave them using `latest` since if it breaks, we have to update them anyway."
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    "body": "Hi there,\r\n\r\nThe Apache Software Foundation Legal Affairs Committee [has announced][1] that the so-called 'Facebook BSD+Patents License' is no longer allowed to be used as a direct dependency in Apache projects.\r\n\r\nThis has lead to a lot of upset and frustration in the Apache community, especially from projects requiring similarly-licensed code as direct dependencies - the chief of these being RocksDB.\r\n\r\nHowever, we (the Apache Software Foundation) have just received word that [RocksDB will be re-licensing their code under the dual Apache License v2.0 and GPL 2 licenses][2]. \r\n\r\nAs a user of React.JS in an ASF top-level project (Apache CouchDB), please consider re-licensing React.JS under similar terms. Otherwise, many ASF projects such as our own will have to stop relying on and building with React.\r\n\r\nA previous bug (#9760) suggested I mention @lacker in this issue when asking licensing questions, so I'm doing so.\r\n\r\nThank you kindly for your consideration.\r\n\r\n[1]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LEGAL-303?focusedCommentId=16088663&page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel#comment-16088663\r\n[2]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LEGAL-303?focusedCommentId=16088730&page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel#comment-16088730"
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    "body": "`ReactDOM.render(..., container)` can be used on either purely client-side content or on server-side rendered content. If it is client-side, we empty the container first and then render into it. If it is server-side, we hydrate it. We currently use data-reactid to determine if we should hydrate or clear.\r\n\r\nWe could in theory hydrate to patch it up but it's not safe with the current hydration model.\r\n\r\nIf this is your initial DOM `<div id=\"container\"><div class=\"spinner\">Loading...</div></div>` and then call `ReactDOM.render(<div class=\"myapp\"><span>App</span></div>, document.getElementById('container'))` intending to do a client-side only render (not hydration).\r\nThen you end with `<div id=\"container\"><div class=\"spinner\"><span>App</span></div></div>`. Because we don't patch up the attributes.\r\n\r\nI see four possible solutions:\r\n\r\n1) Always patch up attributes if they differ. This would be really slow to hydrate in the normal hydration mode and slow down initial render into a non-SSR tree.\r\n\r\n2) Continue to use a heuristic by hydrating when some kind of extra meta data in the HTML is present. Add it in the server-renderer. We can change it so that only one meta data is needed. Not one per element. It can be a comment or an attribute.\r\n\r\n3) Introduce an explicit API to hydrate. `ReactDOM.hydrate(..., container)`. SSR hydration callsites have to be updated.\r\n\r\n4) Introduce Option 3 but keep Option 2 with a warning for one major version to make it a non-breaking change. Allows people to incrementally upgrade to `ReactDOM.hydrate` at their leisure."
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      "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/sebmarkbage/subscriptions",
      "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/sebmarkbage/orgs",
      "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/sebmarkbage/repos",
      "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/sebmarkbage/events{/privacy}",
      "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/sebmarkbage/received_events",
      "type": "User",
      "site_admin": false
    },
    "labels": [

    ],
    "state": "open",
    "locked": false,
    "assignee": null,
    "assignees": [

    ],
    "milestone": null,
    "comments": 0,
    "created_at": "2017-07-15T01:52:38Z",
    "updated_at": "2017-07-15T01:52:38Z",
    "closed_at": null,
    "body": "I realized that the refactor to use ReactDebugCurrentFrame as a decoupled stack frame for error messages is not reentrant: https://github.com/facebook/react/pull/10105/files#r127573520\r\n\r\nFiber is not reentrant but other renderers might be. The synchronous server renderer is atm.\r\n\r\nWe should add tests for warnings between renderers, such as calling a server-render from within a client render, and update the set/reset callsites to use push/pop instead to account for that.\r\n"
  },
  {
    "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues/10186",
    "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react",
    "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues/10186/labels{/name}",
    "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues/10186/comments",
    "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues/10186/events",
    "html_url": "https://github.com/facebook/react/pull/10186",
    "id": 243009337,
    "number": 10186,
    "title": "Fix uncontrolled radios",
    "user": {
      "login": "jquense",
      "id": 339286,
      "avatar_url": "https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/339286?v=4",
      "gravatar_id": "",
      "url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense",
      "html_url": "https://github.com/jquense",
      "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/followers",
      "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/following{/other_user}",
      "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/gists{/gist_id}",
      "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/starred{/owner}{/repo}",
      "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/subscriptions",
      "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/orgs",
      "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/repos",
      "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/events{/privacy}",
      "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/jquense/received_events",
      "type": "User",
      "site_admin": false
    },
    "labels": [
      {
        "id": 196858374,
        "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/labels/CLA%20Signed",
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        "default": false
      }
    ],
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    "assignee": null,
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    ],
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    "comments": 10,
    "created_at": "2017-07-14T14:12:38Z",
    "updated_at": "2017-07-19T20:10:39Z",
    "closed_at": null,
    "pull_request": {
      "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/pulls/10186",
      "html_url": "https://github.com/facebook/react/pull/10186",
      "diff_url": "https://github.com/facebook/react/pull/10186.diff",
      "patch_url": "https://github.com/facebook/react/pull/10186.patch"
    },
    "body": "backport of #10156, not sure what the deal is with prettier but when I ran it, it gave me a ton of edits"
  }
]
{
  "data": {
    "repository": {
      "issues": {
        "nodes": [
          {
            "title": "Allow custom (nonstandard) attributes."
          },
          {
            "title": "Imperative API for installing DOM event handlers"
          },
          {
            "title": "Declarative API for installing global DOM event handlers"
          },
          {
            "title": "select not receiving click event correctly"
          },
          {
            "title": "Use the right document in iframe selection events"
          },
          {
            "title": "Support Pointer events specification"
          },
          {
            "title": "Test case for iframe rendering"
          },
          {
            "title": "Iframe's reinitialise when moving down within a group of components"
          },
          {
            "title": "Allow html conditional comments and doctype"
          },
          {
            "title": "Inaccurate warning when value props is set without onChange."
          },
          {
            "title": "Provide a way to handle browser-autocompleted form values on controlled components"
          },
          {
            "title": "Inconsistent calling of setState's callback"
          },
          {
            "title": "noscript contents cause invariant violation"
          },
          {
            "title": "iframe contents cause invariant violation"
          },
          {
            "title": "React shouldn't bind wheel or touch events to the document. "
          },
          {
            "title": "Stop doing data-*, aria-*, start using dataSet"
          },
          {
            "title": "Don't give key warning when rendering to static markup"
          },
          {
            "title": "Allow components to opt-out of ReactInputSelection handling?"
          },
          {
            "title": "touchmove doesn't fire on removed element"
          },
          {
            "title": "CSS property values that are strings shouldn't have 'px' appended"
          },
          {
            "title": "`render` as a function of props and state"
          },
          {
            "title": "DOM updates not minimal when moving last child to first place"
          },
          {
            "title": "Let ReactTestUtils.Simulate.click work on non-dom components"
          },
          {
            "title": "[idea] Per-node DOM configuration"
          },
          {
            "title": "Warn when reordering nodes that have been moved outside of React"
          },
          {
            "title": "Updating a parent component during child unmount"
          },
          {
            "title": "Way for a wrapper to get notified of child layout changes"
          },
          {
            "title": "Events propagate to nested components after stopPropagation()"
          },
          {
            "title": "Better docs for `<select multiple/>`"
          },
          {
            "title": "Support asynchronous server rendering (waiting for data before rendering)"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add fail-fast mode to React"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add api for focus management"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add some way to specify indeterminate checkboxes"
          },
          {
            "title": "RFC: Introduce more DOM property definitions"
          },
          {
            "title": "Parent refs are empty in child componentWillUnmount"
          },
          {
            "title": "Remove functionality that appends 'px' to unitless numbers in STYLE prop"
          },
          {
            "title": "Support !important for styles?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Unnecessary reflow due to setState in componentWillReceiveProps"
          },
          {
            "title": "Option to disable React's handling of synthetic events?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Server-rendering should be distinct from client-rendering"
          },
          {
            "title": "Resolving implicit thead can lead to invariant violation"
          },
          {
            "title": "relatedTarget in blur event in Firefox returns null always"
          },
          {
            "title": "Attach event per react container root, rather than on the document"
          },
          {
            "title": "enterleave event triggers extra calls with nested roots"
          },
          {
            "title": "Further document callback to `React.renderComponent`."
          },
          {
            "title": "Add fragment API to allow returning multiple components from render"
          },
          {
            "title": "Create Benchmark Suite"
          },
          {
            "title": "null props considered differently in getDefaultProps vs. isRequired"
          },
          {
            "title": "Inner required fields in shaped props not reported properly"
          },
          {
            "title": "Components with children without DOM representation"
          },
          {
            "title": "getEventKey implementation inconsistent with DOM3 spec / Firefox implementation"
          },
          {
            "title": "`getEventTarget`/`SyntheticEvent` shouldn't rely on the DOM (window)."
          },
          {
            "title": "Inifinite recursion can be caused when lifecycle methods trigger a re-render"
          },
          {
            "title": "FireFox report deadkey+deadkey as a single combined event"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add better guard for nested renderings."
          },
          {
            "title": "New method for implicit keys, traverseAllChildren"
          },
          {
            "title": "Implement Shallow Testing"
          },
          {
            "title": "Consider Deferring Rendering Until We're Actually in the Document"
          },
          {
            "title": "Documentation versions"
          },
          {
            "title": "Capybara + Selenium don't trigger React.DOM.input's onChange"
          },
          {
            "title": "Error boundaries: Recover from errors thrown in `render`"
          },
          {
            "title": "Don't make mockComponent depend on Jest"
          },
          {
            "title": "Stop Using Internals in ReactMultiChildReconcile-test"
          },
          {
            "title": "How to implement shouldComponentUpdate with this.context?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Removing tabIndex from component's attributes does not remove tabIndex once set"
          },
          {
            "title": "Textarea does not respond to the value property changing to null"
          },
          {
            "title": "Provide a way to specify what parts of react server markup can be reused on client"
          },
          {
            "title": "React-ids overriden after server-side rendering"
          },
          {
            "title": "Handle browser autofill gracefully when server-side rendering"
          },
          {
            "title": "Normalize event.dataTransfer for drag and drop events"
          },
          {
            "title": "Accessing a component through prototype of another component warns about plain functions"
          },
          {
            "title": "Feature request to strip data-reactid and return them as an array or string"
          },
          {
            "title": "`<option>`s appear not to be selectable at creation when disabled"
          },
          {
            "title": "React.createComment() would be nice"
          },
          {
            "title": "Properties of Rx / Observable React-like Experiments"
          },
          {
            "title": "Consider Using JsonML as Notation for ReactElement"
          },
          {
            "title": "Streaming renderToStaticMarkup"
          },
          {
            "title": "Make <audio /> and <video /> controllable"
          },
          {
            "title": "Support Map interface for props"
          },
          {
            "title": "Make autofocus show up in rendered markup"
          },
          {
            "title": "Automatically Object.assign when `styles` receives an Array"
          },
          {
            "title": "Webworkers"
          },
          {
            "title": "Nested Render Trees"
          },
          {
            "title": "Avoid global window"
          },
          {
            "title": "Warn when React DOM modified by not-React"
          },
          {
            "title": "Optimizing Compiler: Tagging ReactElements"
          },
          {
            "title": "How Should Refs Work?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Deprecate replaceState"
          },
          {
            "title": "Triggering events on real DOM nodes doesn't trigger synthetic events"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add First Class Support for Immutable-js Records (or maybe Maps) in setState?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Question about optimizing reconciliation on lists where only one/two children change"
          },
          {
            "title": "Invoking renderToStaticMarkup in render() causes refs to break"
          },
          {
            "title": "Implement Sideways Data Loading"
          },
          {
            "title": " TestUtils.renderIntoDocument difference between 0.12 and 0.13 when render returns null/false"
          },
          {
            "title": "Event handler for checkbox throws error in Node-Webkit"
          },
          {
            "title": "JSX render won't allow webkitdirectory and directory to be used"
          },
          {
            "title": "Add ability to find dom component by prop value in the ReactTestUtils?"
          },
          {
            "title": "Allow marking an array as \"static\""
          },
          {
            "title": "Teardown TestUtils method"
          },
          {
            "title": "Warn if the rendered DOM node is HTMLUnknownElement"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

REST response

GraphQL response

Example 2

Problem: Along with open issues, fetch the number of stars for facebook's react repository

https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react
https://api.github.com/repos/facebook/react/issues?state=open

REST

1

2

query { 
  repository(owner:"facebook", name:"react") { 
    stargazers {
      totalCount
    }
    issues(states:OPEN, first:1) {
      nodes {
        title
      }
    }
  }
}

GraphQL

Demonstration of Example 2

Developer Experience

REST

GraphQL

So you see the value in GraphQL

How can GraphQL fit into your Application Architecture?

On the Client

(API Consumer)

Conventional SPA Data Architectures

UI Component Hierarchy

Flat Data

Data Mapping

REST API

SPA Data Architectures with GraphQL

UI Component Hierarchy

Hierarchical Data

GraphQL

How do these benefits translate to actual code?

Colocate Components & Data 

Prefetch All Data Dependencies

Server Side Rendering

Maintainable Code

Avoid Request Waterfalls

On the Server

(API Gateway)

Web App

Mobile App

GraphQL Endpoint - Web

GraphQL Endpoint - Mobile

REST Service1

REST Service2

REST ServiceN

Fits right into your Microservice Architecture

API Gateway Pattern

GraphQL vs REST

REST

GraphQL

CRUD

UI Aggregation

Chatty Interface

Conservative Interface

Runtime Discoverability via HATEOAS

No Runtime Discoverability 

Schemaless

Enforces Schema

Can Take Advantage of HTTP Response Codes

Pretty much a 200 OK is returned

Query & Mutations 

Query

const query = `query {
  todoItems {
    id
    name
  }
}`;

Mutation

const mutation = `mutation createTodo($name:String) {
  createTodo(name:$name) {
    id
    name
  }
}`;

R in CRUD

CUD in CRUD

Teh Codez - Demonstration

repo: https://github.com/swazza/react-apollo-todo

Ecosytem

  • GraphQL is a Spec.
  • Multiple implementations available across platforms.
  • Available for iOS and Android too.
  • For a complete list - http://graphql.org/code/
  • For javascript, I recommend - http://www.apollodata.com/
  • Apollo is easy to get started, very flexible and plays well with multiple front end frameworks

Q & A

graphql-101

By Swarup Karavadi

graphql-101

  • 1,522