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Testing Techniques
Black Box Vs White Box
Learning Outcome
4
Decide when to use each technique
3
Identify key differences between Black Box and White Box testing
2
Understand what White Box Testing is
1
Understand what Black Box Testing is
Testing Techniques
How do we decide what inputs to test?
How do we know which test cases to write?
Can we test everything randomly?
Testing Techniques
Testing techniques help in
to perform Testing
Designing Test Cases
Suppose you buy a car.
As a driver, what do you check?
Mileage
Seating comfort
Brakes working or not
Car starts
Steering response
Engine mechanism
Gearbox logic
Fuel injection process
You do not know:
You only check inputs and outputs
You test behavior, not internal parts
This is Black Box Testing
Now imagine you are a car engineer or mechanic.
You open the car and check:
As an engineer you know...
How engine converts fuel into power
How gear mechanism works internally
How clutch interacts with gearbox
Here you know the internal structure
You test how each part works and connects
Logic testing = Mechanical testing
This is White Box Testing
Why Do We Need Black Box and White Box Testing?
Software must work correctly for the user
Software must also work correctly internally
Checking only output is not enough
Checking only code logic is not enough
Why Do We Need Black Box and White Box Testing?
Different defects are found in different ways
One method checks what the system does
The other checks how the system does it
Blackbox Testing & WhiteBox Testing
When testing focuses on functionality and expected output it is called Black Box Testing
When testing focuses on internal logic and code flow it is called White Box Testing
What is Black Box Testing
Testing without knowing internal code
Inputs
Output
Functions
Focus on:
Why Black Box Testing
Validates user requirements
Does not require coding knowledge
Ensures user-facing functionality works
Why Black Box Testing
Testing with full knowledge of code
Focus on:
Logic
Code paths
Condition
Why Black Box Testing
Detects logical and hidden defects
Ensures code quality and coverage
Helps find security and performance issues
Classroom Activity
Write a difference between Black Box Testing and White Box Testing
Pointer
Main Goal
When It Is Used
Type of Defects Found
Level of Testing
Performed By
What is Verified
Testing Perspective
Knowledge of Code
Focus
|
White Box Testing |
Black Box Testing
Checks functionality and behaviour
Validate what the system does
After or during development
Missing functionality, UI issues
System, Integration, Acceptance
|
Testers |
Input and expected output
|
User perspective |
Code knowledge is not required
Checks internal code and logic
Verify how the system works internally
During development
Logical errors, calculation issues
Unit, Component
Developers / Testers with code knowledge
Conditions, loops, and code flow
|
Developer / system perspective |
Code knowledge is required
Summary
3
Both are complementary testing techniques
2
White Box checks how the system works internally
1
Black Box checks what the system does
Quiz
A tester verifies that after entering the correct username and password, the user is able to log in successfully.The tester does not check how the login validation logic is implemented in the code.Which testing technique is being used?
A. White Box Testing
B. Unit Testing
C. Black Box Testing
D. Integration Testing
Quiz
A tester verifies that after entering the correct username and password, the user is able to log in successfully.The tester does not check how the login validation logic is implemented in the code.Which testing technique is being used?
A. White Box Testing
B. Unit Testing
C. Black Box Testing
D. Integration Testing
Black Box Vs White Box
By Content ITV
