Fresh Hot CSS Features!

(AKA things you may have missed

in the last 5 years)

Alex Riviere (He/Him)

Web Dev Unicorn

https://alex.party

Slides:

https://slides.com/fimion/fresh-hot-css-features-penguicon-2024/

Vibe Check

```
display:flex;
```
```
display:grid;
```
```
var(--custom-property);
```
```
@layer
```
```
@container
```
```
@scope
```
```
:has()
```

No, but seriously...

https://slides.com/fimion/fresh-hot-css-features-penguicon-2024/

This talk will cover:

Custom Properties
CSS Grid
min(), max(), clamp()
Logical Properties
:has()
@layer
@container
@scope
Trigonometric functions
Nesting

Custom Properties

(AKA CSS Variables)

body {
  color: #000000;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

.invert {
  color: #ffffff;
  background-color: #000000;
}

Custom Properties

The Original Way

// _vars.scss
$color-ink: #000000;
$color-paper: #ffffff;

// _style.scss
body{
  color: $color-ink;
  background-color: $color-paper;
}

.invert{
  color: $color-paper;
  background-color: $color-ink;
}

Custom Properties

Preprocessed Variables (SCSS)

:root{
  --color-ink: #000000;
  --color-paper: #ffffff;
}

body{
  color: var(--color-ink);
  background-color: var(--color-paper);
}

.invert{
  color: var(--color-paper);
  background-color: var(--color-ink);
}

Custom Properties

Modern CSS

Custom Properties

Support:

Custom Properties

More Info:

Bonus round?

@property

(AKA type safe custom properties)

(Bonus Round)

@property

@property --my-color{
  syntax: "<color>";
  inherit: true;
  initial-value: black;
}

p{
  color: var(--my-color);
}

@property

Support:

@property

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@property
Una Kravets: https://web.dev/articles/at-property

CSS Grid

(AKA Better layout tools)

CSS Grid

Bootstrap 5 Example

CSS Grid

Using Grid

CSS Grid

Example: Bar charts

(Credit: Miriam Suzanne)

CSS Grid

Example: Mondrian Art

(Credit: Jen Simmons)

CSS Grid

Example: Center Things

CSS Grid

Support

CSS Grid

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Grids
CSS-Tricks: https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/complete-guide-grid/
Grid By Example: https://gridbyexample.com/
Layout Breakouts with CSS Grid: https://ryanmulligan.dev/blog/layout-breakouts/

min(), max(), clamp()

(AKA write fewer media queries)

Definitions

min(): Give me the minimum value from a list of number values
max(): Give me the maximum value from a list of number values
clamp(): Give me a number value based on a dynamic measurement, but stop at the minimum and maximum sizes given.

min() Example

CodePen: Alain

max() Example

CodePen: Alain

clamp() Example

CodePen: Alain

min(), max(), clamp()

Support

min(), max(), clamp()

More Information:

Logical Properties

(AKA It's Okay to forget Left and Right)

Let's talk about

RTL Languages

Logical Properties

Block

Inline

Logical Properties

Block properties

*-block
*-block-start (*-top)
*-block-end (*-bottom)

Inline properties

*-inline
*-inline-start (*-left)
*-inline-end (*-right)

Logical Properties

Properties for sizing

block-size
inline-size
max-block-size
max-inline-size
min-block-size
min-inline-size

Properties for margins

margin (logical Experimental keyword)
margin-block
margin-block-end
margin-block-start
margin-inline
margin-inline-end
margin-inline-start

Properties for paddings

padding (logical Experimental keyword)
padding-block
padding-block-end
padding-block-start
padding-inline
padding-inline-end
padding-inline-start

Properties for borders

border-block
border-block-color
border-block-end
border-block-end-color
border-block-end-style
border-block-end-width
border-block-start
border-block-start-color
border-block-start-style
border-block-start-width
border-block-style
border-block-width
border-color
border-inline
border-inline-color
border-inline-end
border-inline-end-color
border-inline-end-style
border-inline-end-width
border-inline-start
border-inline-start-color
border-inline-start-style
border-inline-start-width
border-inline-style
border-inline-width
border-style
border-width

Properties for border radius

border-radius
border-start-start-radius
border-start-end-radius
border-end-start-radius
border-end-end-radius

Properties for positioning

inset
inset-block
inset-block-end
inset-block-start
inset-inline
inset-inline-end
inset-inline-start

Properties for size containment

contain-intrinsic-block-size
contain-intrinsic-inline-size

Properties for scrolling

overflow-block
overflow-inline
overscroll-behavior-block
overscroll-behavior-inline

Properties for floating

clear (inline-end and inline-start keywords)
float (inline-end and inline-start keywords)

Other properties

caption-side (inline-end and inline-start keywords)
resize (block and inline keywords)
text-align (end and start keywords)

Logical Properties

Support:

Logical Properties

More Information:

:has()

(AKA "The Parent Selector")

A Common Problem

.input-wrapper:has(input:invalid)

<div class="input-wrapper">

<input type="email" value="alex" />

</div>

:has()

This:has(a.solution)

:has()

Support:

:has()

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:has
Jen Simmons: https://webkit.org/blog/13096/css-has-pseudo-class/
Brecht De Ruyte: https://utilitybend.com/blog/practical-uses-of-the-has-relational-pseudo-class

@layer

(AKA Stop using !important)

@layer

.text-red{
  color:red;
}

.my-class{
  color:blue;
}

@layer

.text-red{
  color:red !important;
}

.my-class{
  color:blue;
}

@layer

.my-class{
  color:blue;
}

.text-red{
  color:red;
}

@layer

.my-wrapper .my-class{
  color:blue;
}

.text-red{
  color:red;
}

@layer

@layer style, utility;

@layer style {
  .my-wrapper .my-class{
    color:blue;
  }
}

@layer utility{
  .text-red{
    color:red;
  }
}

@layer

@layer style, utility;

@layer utility{
  .text-red{
    color:red;
  }
}

@layer style {
  .my-wrapper .my-class{
    color:blue;
  }
}

@layer

@layer framework, style, utility;

@import url('framework.css') layer(framework);

@layer utility{
  .text-red{
    color:red;
  }
}

@layer style {
  .my-wrapper .my-class{
    color:blue;
  }
}

@layer

Support:

@layer

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@layer
Miriam Suzanne: https://www.miriamsuzanne.com/2022/09/06/layers/

@container

(AKA box-size media queries)

@container

.blue-box{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 450px) and (max-width: 1023px){
  .blue-box{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 1024px) and (max-width: 1439px){
  .blue-box{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 1440px){
  .blue-box{
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@container

.blue-box-wrapper{
  container-type: inline-size;
  container-name: blue-box;
}
.blue-box{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

@container blue-box (min-width: 450px) {
  .blue-box {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@container

Support:

@container

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_container_queries
Miriam Suzanne: https://www.miriamsuzanne.com/2022/09/14/cq-browsers/

@scope

(AKA scoped styles)

@scope

<style>
p{
  color:red;
}
</style>
<p>This is red text!</p>

@scope

<style>
p{ color:red; }
</style>
<p>This is red text!</p>

<div>
  <style>
    @scope{
      p{ color: blue; }
    }
  </style>
  <p>
    This text is blue!
  </p>
</div>

@scope

Support:*

*Available in Safari Technical Preview

@scope

More Information:

MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@scope
Miriam Suzanne: https://12daysofweb.dev/2023/css-scope/

Trig Functions

(AKA math for very smart people)

Trig Functions

```
sin()
```
```
cos()
```
```
tan()
```
```
asin()
```
```
acos()
```
```
atan()
```
```
atan2()
```

Trig Functions

Support:

Trig Functions

More Information:

Nesting

(AKA like sass! but not like sass!)

Nesting

/* before.... */

.wrapper .title{
  /* styles */
}

.wrapper .content{
  /* styles */
}

.wrapper .actions{
  /* styles */
}

Nesting

/* after.... */
.wrapper {
  
  .title{
    /* styles */
  }
  .content{
    /* styles */
  }
  .actions{
    /* styles */
  }
}

Nesting

Support:

Nesting

More Information:

Thank You!

Jon Neal - For making an app that says the date when features were added to the browser

Slides:

https://slides.com/fimion/fresh-hot-css-features-penguicon-2024/

Deets:

Alex Riviere

@fimion on GitHub, Twitter, CodePen
@fimion@notacult.social
alex.party

CodePens:

https://codepen.io/collection/aMkMMk

Fresh Hot CSS Features - Penguicon 2024

By Alex Riviere

Fresh Hot CSS Features - Penguicon 2024