This talk is a work of fiction.
Any resemblance to your projects may be on purpose.
@JulienTopcu
50 A.U.
FRANCE
@JulienTopcu
Reflect on major trends in the evolution of the education sector
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
13 Juillet 1998
(28 A.U.)
@JulienTopcu
13 Juillet 1998
@JulienTopcu
Jakob Nielsen, PhD
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C
.
E
.
O
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C-Level
Ego
Optimization
C
.
E
.
O
@JulienTopcu
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Nigel Bevan, PhD
Avril 1998
@JulienTopcu
38 A.U.
REDMOND (USA)
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
| Model | Precision | Recall |
|---|---|---|
Organizational Structure
Code Churn
Code Complexity
Dependencies
Code Coverage
Pre-Release Bugs
86,2%
78,6%
79,3%
74,4%
83,8%
73,8%
84,0%
79,9%
66,0%
69,9%
54,4%
62,9%
3404 Binaires
Windows Vista
50+ Million LOC
@JulienTopcu
Janvier 2008
Organization eats Code Quality Tools at breakfast
@JulienTopcu
Product quality is strongly affected by organization structure
1975
@JulienTopcu
46 A.U.
LONDON
@JulienTopcu
UI
Rail Shopping
Rail Supply
@JulienTopcu
UI
Rail Shopping
Rail Supply
If
If
If
If
If
If
If
If
If
@JulienTopcu
UI
Rail Shopping
Rail Supply
Feature Team
#1
Feature Team
#2
Feature Team
#3
@JulienTopcu
User Experience
Product Design
Product & Code Quality
Architecture
are strongly impacted by your organization !
@JulienTopcu
HOW DO COMMITTEES INVENT?
by MELVIN E. CONWAY - April 1968
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User
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User
Shopping
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Billing
@JulienTopcu
User
Shopping
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Billing
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Interface
User
Shopping
Payment
Billing
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Communication
Contract Negotiation
Coordinator
User
Shopping
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Billing
Interface
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User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
Shopping
Payment
@JulienTopcu
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
Shopping
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@JulienTopcu
Homomorphism
User
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User
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Shopping
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User
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Shopping
User
Billing
Shopping
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@JulienTopcu
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
@JulienTopcu
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
User
Billing
Shopping
Checkout
Payment
@JulienTopcu
Payment
Billing
Shopping
User
Checkout
???
Checkout
Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
@JulienTopcu
Choosing an organization is already constraining the structure of the system it will produce, even before having analyzed the possible solutions.
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User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
@JulienTopcu
Cobol Compiler
Algol Compiler
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Cobol Compiler
Algol Compiler
@JulienTopcu
Cobol Compiler
Algol Compiler
@JulienTopcu
Cobol Compiler
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Cobol Compiler
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Cobol Compiler
Someone has to be the manager
Tom Cheatham - 1996
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Problem
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Problem
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Problem
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Problem
+
@JulienTopcu
Problem
+
+
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
@JulienTopcu
The Bearing of a Child Takes 9 Months No Matter How Many Women Are Assigned
Frederick Brooks - The Mythical Man-Month 1975
@JulienTopcu
Problem
+
+
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
Problem
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
Besoin/4
@JulienTopcu
Problem/2
Besoin/4
Problem/2
Besoin/2
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
@JulienTopcu
There is no such thing as a design group which is both organized and unbiased
Melvin Conway - How do Committees invent? 1968
@JulienTopcu
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
@JulienTopcu
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
@JulienTopcu
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
@JulienTopcu
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
Problem/4
@JulienTopcu
The structures of large systems tend to desintegrate during development, qualitatively more than with small systems
large systems
@JulienTopcu
Frederick Brooks - The Mythical Man-Month 1975
@JulienTopcu
Parkinson Law - 1955
Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion
@JulienTopcu
It becomes necessary to restrict communication in order that people can get some "work" done
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
Organizations which design systems are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organizations
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
UI
Rail Shopping
Rail Supply
Feature Team
#1
Feature Team
#2
Feature Team
#3
@JulienTopcu
| Model | Precision | Recall |
|---|---|---|
Organizational Structure
Code Churn
Code Complexity
Dependencies
Code Coverage
Pre-Release Bugs
86,2%
78,6%
79,3%
74,4%
83,8%
73,8%
84,0%
79,9%
66,0%
69,9%
54,4%
62,9%
Windows Vista
@JulienTopcu
Organizational Structure
A large loss of team members affects knowledge retention and therefore quality
The closer the person who has the power to make a decision on the component is hierarchically close to the engineers who edit this component, the better the quality.
The more contributors to a component belong to the same team or department, the higher the quality
@JulienTopcu
@JulienTopcu
System
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Payment
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User
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Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
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Payment
Shopping
User
Billing
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
@JulienTopcu
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
Billing
Shopping
User
Payment
Checkout
@JulienTopcu
Billing
Shopping
User
Payment
Checkout
User
Billing
Payment
Shopping
Checkout
@JulienTopcu
Inverse Conway Maneuver
Dealing with creaky legacy platforms
Jonny LeRoy & Matt Simons - Décembre 2010
Cutter IT Journal
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B
P
O
A
Structure eats Strategy
Jan Bosch - 2017
@JulienTopcu
Nigel Bevan, PhD
Avril 1998
Usability issues in website design
- Define the business objectives of the site
- Site Structure and Content
- Page Design
- Evaluation Methods
- Management and Maintenance
@JulienTopcu
Usability issues in website design
- Define the business objectives of the site
- Site Structure and Content
- Page Design
- Evaluation Methods
- Management and Maintenance
Business
Architecture
Process
Organization
Nigel Bevan, PhD
@JulienTopcu
Architecture
B
A
P
O
@JulienTopcu
Domain-Driven Design
Problem Space
Solutions Space
B
A
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© Alberto Brandolini
Event Storming
B
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B
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B
Item
Catalogue
Cart
Price
Payment
ORder
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Shopping
Payment
B
A
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A
P
Upstream
downstream
Partnership
Supplier / Customer
@JulienTopcu
B
P
O
A
Mapping the Business with an EventStorming
Domain-Driven Design Stratégique
Make bounded-contexts emerge
Highlights the balance of power between contexts and possible communication processes
@JulienTopcu
But don't give much guidance on how to organize!
Domain-Driven Design Stratégique
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P
O
@JulienTopcu
Limit the size of software services/products to the cognitive load that the team can handle
P
@JulienTopcu
Shopping
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P
O
User
Billing
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Stream-Aligned
O
(Bounded-Context)
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Shopping
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User
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P
O
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Payment
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Billing