BioCicle

John Guerra-Gomez

José Tiberio Hernández

Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

Northeastern University, Silicon Valley, USA

Fabio Andres Lopez-Corredor

Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

Alejandro Reyes

Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

Meili Vanegas-Hernandez

Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia

A Tool for Summarizing and Comparing Taxonomic Profiles out of Biological Sequence Alignments

Main Contributions

1

taxonomy of analysis tasks regarding the state of the art

BioCicle: visual analytics tool

web-based and open source

connected to NCBI/EBI and UniProt API's

(AT2 a,b) summarize and compares single or multiple taxonomic reports from sequence alignments  

designed and tested with a real end user

Why BioCicle?

2

sequence extraction is a common practice in bioinformatics

BLAST, HMM

algorithms for comparing primary biological sequence information

how can we characterize them?

i.e. metagenomics:

studies genetic material from environmental samples

Biological Sequence Comparisons

3

misclassifications

erroneous data stored in database

widespread

future comparisons consider innacurate information

Biological Sequence Comparisons RESULTS

4

VS.

output

________?

homolog protein

RS1

RS2

RS3

Regions of similarity

Taxonomic profile

Sequence description

5

VS.

RS1

RS2

RS3

Regions of similarity

Taxonomic profiles

Sequences description

output

6

Analysis Tasks Identification

Classify an

unknown

Identify

relationships

between

multiple

SEQUENCES

SEQUENCE

ATb

ATa

VS.

VS.

Related Work

7

RS1

RS2

RS3

Regions of similarity

Taxonomic profile

Sequence description

BOV, Blast2Go, Artemis, HMM Editor

CLANS, GenoPlotR

Circoleto, Clustal W, Hmmer, GeneCluster VIZ, Megan, Blast Grabber

MG Rast

Amphora Vizu, MetaPHlAn, KRONA

MEGAN, METAREP, Blast Grabber

NCBI

Non-restrictive input: independant from the algorithm used for the comparison

8

* Non-restrictive input: independant from the algorithm used for the comparison

METAREP **

Amphora Vizu *

MetaPHlAn *

UNIQUE RANK: TRADITIONAL GRAPHS

ALL RANKS:

TREE REPRESENTATIONS

** Multiple Comparison: Supports analysis task AT2b

MG Rast

MEGAN **

Blast Grabber **

KRONA *

Related Work

Taxonomic Profiles

9

* Non-restrictive input: independant from the algorithm used for the comparison

METAREP **

Amphora Vizu *

MetaPHlAn *

UNIQUE RANK: TRADITIONAL GRAPHS

ALL RANKS:

TREE REPRESENTATIONS

** Multiple Comparison: Supports analysis task AT2b

MG Rast

MEGAN **

Blast Grabber **

KRONA *

Related Work

Taxonomic Profiles

BioCicle

10

Web-based & Open source

application

1

Visualizes

2

Visualizes

taxonomic profiles

3

multiple

taxonomic profiles

single

Input formats

API's: accession id, FASTA

Pregenerated comparisons

4

11

IMPLEMENTATION

12

VISUAL DESIGN

taxonomic profiles for a single taxonomic profile

assigned to

score value

(numeric)

{

max score for sequences assigned to that specie

ranks

(categorical)

score value

(numeric)

ranks

(categorical)

position on common or unaligned scale

spatial region

length

phylum, class, order, family, genus, specie

13

VISUAL DESIGN

taxonomic profiles for single query comparison

14

VISUAL DESIGN

taxonomic profiles for multi-query comparisons

15

VISUALIZATION

taxonomic profiles for multi-query comparisons

ICICLE

ITERATION

nodes are sort descending by score value

node's position is preserved, as possible

node's color is preserved

children nodes share same tone as parent

labels increase size when being hovered

16

VISUALIZATION

taxonomic profiles for multi-query comparisons

SMALL MULTIPLES

interactive

can be used to select a specific result​

only < 500 results are presented due to browser limitations

if dataset is >500, results should be first filtered using the dendogram

17

VISUALIZATION

taxonomic profiles for multi-query comparisons

DENDOGRAM

collapsible tree due to amount of nodes

nodes are sort descending by the amount of organisms with such node in their taxonomy

labels increase size when being hovered

18

VISUALIZATION

taxonomic profiles for multi-query comparisons

SCORE THRESHOLD

relies in the result's highest score: filters leaves with less score than a percentage of the maximum score value

19

RESULTS

sequence the gen 16S in a single sample

RESULTS

dataset

The gen 16S (sequence tag) was sequenced with a sample producing 23,000 different sequences.

(Only 179 were considered due to time limitations)

objective

What is the diversity of the sample?

Which of this sequences are identified?

What are this sequences?

What are the outstanding characteristics out of them?

20

RESULTS

sequence the gen 16S in a single sample

RESULTS

21

RESULTS

Overview of the entire results

RESULTS

179 sequences (100%)

purples

yellows

oranges

22

RESULTS

RESULTS

Proteobacteria (125)

      Gammaproteobacteria (88)

      Alphaproteobacteria (52)

Bacteroidetes (32)

      Flavobacteria (22)

23

RESULTS

Filtering by Proteobacteria

RESULTS

125 sequences (68.83%)

purples

yellows

oranges

24

RESULTS

RESULTS

Filtering by Gammaproteobacteria

88 sequences (49.16%)

purples

25

RESULTS

RESULTS

Filtering by Alphaproteobacteria

52 sequences (29.05%)

yellows

26

RESULTS

RESULTS

Filtering by Flavabacteria

22 sequences (12.29%)

oranges

27

RESULTS

RESULTS

Conclusions

Gammaproteobacteria

12,29%

Flavobacteria

Deltaproteobacteria

Alphaproteobacteria

49,16%

29,05%

7,82%

Proteobacteria 68,83%

Bacteroidetes 17,87%

28

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

• Taxonomy of different analytic tasks considering the state-of-the-art research projects and commercial tools.
• Visualization that summarizes and compares  taxonomic profiles (AT2 a,b) and follows good practices of visualization design.
• Web-based and open source prototype connected with the NCBI and the UniProt API.

29

RESULTS

FUTURE WORK

• Tackle AT3 using methods such as text-analysis, feature selection and data mining to ease sequence's description analysis and decrease incorrect insertions rates in biological databases.

30

VIDEO

31

REFERENCES

• Ondov, Brian D, Nicholas H Bergman, and Adam M Phillippy (2011). “Interactive metagenomic visualization in a Web browser”. In: BMC Bioinformatics 12.1, p. 385. issn: 1471-2105. doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-385.
• Munzner, Tamara (2014). Visualization analysis and design. CRC press.
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• Conesa, A et al. (2005). “Gene Ontology Database Blast2GO:A universal tool
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• Dai, Jianyong and Jianlin Cheng (2008). “HMMEditor: a visual editing tool for profile hidden Markov model”. In: BMC Genomics 9.Suppl 1, S8. issn: 1471-2164.
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• Darzentas, Nikos (2010). “Circoletto: Visualizing sequence similarity with Circos”. In: Bioinformatics 26.20, pp. 2620–2621. issn: 13674803. doi: 10.1093/ bioinformatics/btq484.

• Gollapudi, Rajesh et al. (2008). “BOV – a web-based BLAST output visualization tool”. In: BMC Genomics 9.1, p. 414. issn: 1471-2164. doi: 10.1186/1471- 2164-9-414.

  Gollery, Martin (2005). “Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis”. In:Clinical Chemistry 51.11, pp. 2219–2219.

  Guy, Lionel et al. (2011). “GenoPlotR: comparative gene and genome visualization in R”. In: Bioinformatics. Vol. 27. 13, pp. 2334–2335. isbn: 1367-4811. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq413.

• Huson, DH (2016). “MEGAN Community Edition - Interactive exploration and analysis of large-scale microbiome sequening data.” In: PLos Computational Biology 12.6, e1004957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004957.

• Segata, Nicola et al. (2012). “Metagenomic microbial community profiling using unique clade-specific marker genes.” In: Nature methods 9.8, pp. 811–4. issn: 1548-7105. doi: 10.1038/nmeth.2066. arXiv: 000220567900037.

  Thompson, Julie D., Desmond G. Higgins, and Toby J. Gibson (1994). “CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice”. In: Nucleic Acids Research 22.22, pp. 4673–4680. issn: 0305-1048. doi: 10. 1093/nar/22.22.4673.

THANK YOU!

https://mvanegas10.github.io/BioCicle/