Docker

Getting started

Who Am I?

Ali Yousuf

Sr. Software Engineer @ 10Pearls

Website

Credits: https://medium.com/@bhagwatimalav

VM vs Container

Let's get our hands dirty with Docker

https://github.com/alyyousuf7/docker-workshop

Lesson #1

Install Docker

Lesson #1

# Install Docker
$ curl -sSL get.docker.com | bash

Lesson #1

# Install Docker
$ curl -sSL get.docker.com | bash

# Check if it's working
$ sudo docker info

Lesson #1

# Install Docker
$ curl -sSL get.docker.com | bash

# Check if it's working
$ sudo docker info

# Give it some access
$ usermod -aG docker $(whoami)

# Re-login

Lesson #1

# Install Docker
$ curl -sSL get.docker.com | bash

# Check if it's working
$ sudo docker info

# Give it some access
$ usermod -aG docker $(whoami)

# Re-login

# Check again without sudo
$ docker info

Lesson #2

Spin up a container

Lesson #2

# docker container run <image name>

Lesson #2

$ docker container run hello-world:latest

Lesson #2

$ docker container run hello-world:latest

# or

$ docker container run hello-world

Lesson #2

$ docker container run hello-world:latest

# or

$ docker container run hello-world

$ docker container ls

Lesson #2

$ docker container run hello-world:latest

# or

$ docker container run hello-world

$ docker container ls

# Nothing showed up? Try...
$ docker container ls --all

Lesson #2

$ docker container run hello-world:latest

# or

$ docker container run hello-world

$ docker container ls

# Nothing showed up? Try...
$ docker container ls --all

# Remove the container
$ docker container rm <container id>

Lesson #2

# docker container run <image name>
$ docker run <image name>

Lesson #2

# docker container run <image name>
$ docker run <image name>

# Similarly,

# docker container ls
$ docker ps

# docker container rm <container id>
$ docker rm <container id>

Lesson #3

Registry

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

# Pull the image
$ docker pull <image name>

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

# Pull the image
$ docker pull nginx

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

# Pull the image
$ docker pull nginx

# List all the images
$ docker image ls

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

# Pull the image
$ docker pull nginx

# List all the images
$ docker image ls

# Remove an image
$ docker rmi <image name>

Lesson #3

# Search an image from registry
$ docker search nginx

# Pull the image
$ docker pull nginx

# List all the images
$ docker image ls

# Remove an image
$ docker rmi hello-world

Private Registry

Lesson #3

# Add our private registry certificate

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/10.0.0.156

$ sudo curl -sSL https://goo.gl/4fGu2M \
    -o /etc/docker/certs.d/10.0.0.156/ca.crt

Lesson #4

Images

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# myserver    : v1.0

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# myserver    : v1.0
# myserver    : latest -- Same image, different tags

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# myserver    : v1.0
# myserver    : latest -- Same image, different tags

# myserver    : v2.0

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# myserver    : v1.0


# myserver    : v2.0
# myserver    : latest -- Same image, different tags

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# [repo name]/[image name]:[tag]

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# [repo name]/[image name]:[tag]

# alyyousuf7 / sshtron    : latest

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# [repo name]/[image name]:[tag]

# alyyousuf7 / sshtron    : latest

# [registry addr]/[repo name]/[image name]:tag

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# [repo name]/[image name]:[tag]

# alyyousuf7 / sshtron    : latest

# [registry addr]/[repo name]/[image name]:tag

# 10.0.0.156     / alyyousuf7/ sshtron    : latest

Lesson #4

# [image name]:[tag]

# hello-world : latest

# [repo name]/[image name]:[tag]

# alyyousuf7 / sshtron    : latest

# [registry addr]/[repo name]/[image name]:tag

# 10.0.0.156     / alyyousuf7/ sshtron    : latest

# 10.0.0.156     / nginx  : latest

Lesson #4

# Tag an image with another name
# docker tag <old image name> <new image name>

Lesson #4

# Tag an image with another name
$ docker tag sshtron:latest alyyousuf7/sshtron:latest

Lesson #4

# Tag an image with another name
$ docker tag sshtron:latest alyyousuf7/sshtron:latest

# Push an image
$ docker push alyyousuf7/sshtron:latest

Lesson #4

# Tag an image with another name
$ docker tag sshtron:latest alyyousuf7/sshtron:latest

# Push an image
$ docker push alyyousuf7/sshtron:latest

# But you'll need to login first
$ docker login

Lesson #5

Working inside a container

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run --interactive --tty ubuntu:latest

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Did you see something like this?
root@<container id>:/#

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Run `ls`
root@<container id>:/# ls

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Run `curl`
root@<container id>:/# curl https://aliyousuf.com

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Run `curl` - got error? why?
root@<container id>:/# curl https://aliyousuf.com

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Install `curl`
root@<container id>:/# apt-get update && \
                       apt-get install curl -y

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Run `curl`
root@<container id>:/# curl https://aliyousuf.com

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Prepare directory
root@<container id>:/# mkdir mydata && cd mydata

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Prepare directory
root@<container id>:/# mkdir mydata && cd mydata

# Run `curl` and save it in a file
root@<cid>/mydata# curl https://aliyousuf.com > index.html

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Prepare directory
root@<container id>:/# mkdir mydata && cd mydata

# Run `curl` and save it in a file
root@<cid>/mydata# curl https://aliyousuf.com > index.html

# `cat` index.html
root@<cid>/mydata# cat index.html

Lesson #5

# Run ubuntu container
$ docker run -it ubuntu:latest

# Prepare directory
root@<container id>:/# mkdir mydata && cd mydata

# Run `curl` and save it in a file
root@<cid>/mydata# curl https://aliyousuf.com > index.html

# `cat` index.html
root@<cid>/mydata# cat index.html

# exit
root@<cid>/mydata# exit

Lesson #5

# Check the container
$ docker ps -a

Lesson #5

# Check the container
$ docker ps -a

# Restart the container
$ docker start <container id>

Lesson #5

# Check the container
$ docker ps -a

# Restart the container
$ docker start <container id>

# Run `/bin/bash`
$ docker exec -it <container id> /bin/bash

Lesson #5

# Check the container
$ docker ps -a

# Restart the container
$ docker start <container id>

# Run `/bin/bash`
$ docker exec -it <container id> /bin/bash

# Check the file again
root@<container id>:/# cat mydata/index.html
root@<container id>:/# exit

Lesson #5

# Check the container
$ docker ps -a

# Restart the container
$ docker start <container id>

# Run `/bin/bash`
$ docker exec -it <container id> /bin/bash

# Check the file again
root@<container id>:/# cat mydata/index.html
root@<container id>:/# exit

# Check container list
$ docker ps

Lesson #5

# Copy file to container
# docker cp <src path> <container id>:<dst path>

Lesson #5

# Copy file to container
# docker cp <src path> <container id>:<dst path>

# Prepare data
$ echo "hello world" > myfile.txt

Lesson #5

# Copy file to container
# docker cp <src path> <container id>:<dst path>

# Prepare data
$ echo "hello world" > myfile.txt

# Now copy it
$ docker cp myfile.txt <container id>:/mydata/hello-world.txt

Lesson #5

# Copy file to container
# docker cp <src path> <container id>:<dst path>

# Prepare data
$ echo "hello world" > myfile.txt

# Now copy it
$ docker cp myfile.txt <container id>:/mydata/hello-world.txt

# Let's check it
$ docker exec -it <container id> cat /mydata/hello-world.txt

Lesson #5

# Copy file to container
# docker cp <src path> <container id>:<dst path>

# Prepare data
$ echo "hello world" > myfile.txt

# Now copy it
$ docker cp myfile.txt <container id>:/mydata/hello-world.txt

# Let's check it
$ docker exec -it <container id> cat /mydata/hello-world.txt

# Stop the container
$ docker stop <container id>

Lesson #5

# Save the changes
$ docker commit <container id> my-first-image:latest

Lesson #5

# Save the changes
$ docker commit <container id> my-first-image:latest

# Check the image list
$ docker image ls

Lesson #5

# Save the changes
$ docker commit <container id> my-first-image:latest

# Check the image list
$ docker image ls

# Run it once with image
$ docker run -it my-first-image:latest

Lesson #5

# Save the changes
$ docker commit <container id> my-first-image:latest

# Check the image list
$ docker image ls

# Run it once with image
$ docker run -it my-first-image:latest

# Check file and exit it again
root@<container id>:/# cat /mydata/hello-world.txt
root@<container id>:/# exit

Lesson #6

Dockerfile

Lesson #6

# Setup
$ mkdir ~/docker-demo && cd ~/docker-demo
$ echo "hello-world" > myfile.txt
$ touch Dockerfile

Lesson #6

# Write Dockerfile
$ vim Dockerfile

Lesson #6

FROM ubuntu:latest

Lesson #6

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install curl -y

Lesson #6

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install curl -y

WORKDIR /mydata

Lesson #6

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install curl -y

WORKDIR /mydata

RUN curl https://aliyousuf.com > index.html

Lesson #6

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install curl -y

WORKDIR /mydata

RUN curl https://aliyousuf.com > index.html

ADD myfile.txt hello.txt

Lesson #6

# Build the image
# docker build --file <path to Dockerfile> \
#              --tag <new image name> <context path>

Lesson #6

# Build the image
# docker build --file <path to Dockerfile> \
#              --tag <new image name> <context path>

$ docker build -f Dockerfile -t my-second-image:latest .

Lesson #6

# Build the image
# docker build --file <path to Dockerfile> \
#              --tag <new image name> <context path>

$ docker build -f Dockerfile -t my-second-image:latest .

# Check the image list
$ docker image ls

Lesson #7

Mounting port and volume

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Run a container + publish a port
# docker run -it \
#   --publish <host port>:<container port> nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Run a container + publish a port
$ docker run -it \
    --publish 8080:80 nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Run a container + publish a port
$ docker run -it \
    --publish 8080:80 nginx:latest

# Try what it serves from host machine
$ curl http://localhost:8080

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Run a container in background + publish a port
$ docker run -it --detach \
    --publish 8080:80 nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Run a container in background + publish a port
$ docker run -it --detach \
    --publish 8080:80 nginx:latest

# Try what it serves
$ curl http://localhost:8080

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Prepare some directory and data to mount
$ mkdir ~/my-website && cd ~/my-website
$ echo "My name is <b>Ali Yousuf</b>" > index.html

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Prepare some directory and data to mount
$ mkdir ~/my-website && cd ~/my-website
$ echo "My name is <b>Ali Yousuf</b>" > index.html

# Run container + attach a volume + publish a port
# docker run -dit -p 8080:80                     \
#   --volume <src path>:<dst path>               \
#   nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Prepare some directory and data to mount
$ mkdir ~/my-website && cd ~/my-website
$ echo "My name is <b>Ali Yousuf</b>" > index.html

# Run container + attach a volume + publish a port
$ docker run -dit -p 8080:80                     \
    --volume ~/my-website:/usr/share/nginx/html/ \
    nginx:latest

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Prepare some directory and data to mount
$ mkdir ~/my-website && cd ~/my-website
$ echo "My name is <b>Ali Yousuf</b>" > index.html

# Run container + attach a volume + publish a port
$ docker run -dit -p 8080:80                     \
    --volume ~/my-website:/usr/share/nginx/html/ \
    nginx:latest

# Change the file at run time
$ echo " and I'm learning how to use Docker" >> index.html

Lesson #7

# Pull nginx image
$ docker pull nginx:latest

# Prepare some directory and data to mount
$ mkdir ~/my-website && cd ~/my-website
$ echo "My name is <b>Ali Yousuf</b>" > index.html

# Run container + attach a volume + publish a port
$ docker run -dit -p 8080:80                     \
    --volume ~/my-website:/usr/share/nginx/html/ \
    nginx:latest

# Change the file at run time
$ echo " and I'm learning how to use Docker" >> index.html
$ curl http://localhost:8080

Lesson #8

Use containers to compile tools

Lesson #8

# Clone the repo and see the Dockerfile
$ git clone https://github.com/alyyousuf7/twenty48.git
$ cd twenty48 && cat Dockerfile

# Get inside the container
$ make shell

Lesson #8

# Clone the repo and see the Dockerfile
$ git clone https://github.com/alyyousuf7/twenty48.git
$ cd twenty48 && cat Dockerfile

# Get inside the container
$ make shell

# Build the Golang binary
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# make binary

Lesson #8

# Clone the repo and see the Dockerfile
$ git clone https://github.com/alyyousuf7/twenty48.git
$ cd twenty48 && cat Dockerfile

# Get inside the container
$ make shell

# Build the Golang binary
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# make binary

# Check the bin/ directory
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# ls bin/

Lesson #8

# Clone the repo and see the Dockerfile
$ git clone https://github.com/alyyousuf7/twenty48.git
$ cd twenty48 && cat Dockerfile

# Get inside the container
$ make shell

# Build the Golang binary
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# make binary

# Check the bin/ directory
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# ls bin/
root@<container-id>:/twenty48# exit

# Play 2048
$ ./bin/twenty48

Lesson #8

# make shell
$ docker build -t twenty48:latest .
$ docker run -v $(pwd)/bin:/long-path/bin twenty48:latest

Lesson #8

# make shell
$ docker build -t twenty48:latest .
$ docker run -v $(pwd)/bin:/long-path/bin twenty48:latest

# make binary
root@<container id>:path/# go build -o bin/twenty48 ./...

Lesson #8

# make shell
$ docker build -t twenty48:latest .
$ docker run -v $(pwd)/bin:/long-path/bin twenty48:latest

# make binary
root@<container id>:path/# go build -o bin/twenty48 ./...

# host/twenty48/bin == container/twenty48/bin

Lesson #9

Networks

Lesson #9

# Create some networks
$ for net in $(echo frontend backend db); do \
    docker network create $net;              \
  done

Lesson #9

# Create some networks
$ for net in $(echo frontend backend db); do \
    docker network create $net;              \
  done

# List networks
$ docker network ls

Lesson #9

# Create some networks
$ for net in $(echo frontend backend db); do \
    docker network create $net;              \
  done

# List networks
$ docker network ls

# Connect containers to relevant networks
# docker network connect <network name> <container id>

Lesson #9

# Create some networks
$ for net in $(echo frontend backend db); do \
    docker network create $net;              \
  done

# List networks
$ docker network ls

# Connect containers to relevant networks
$ docker network connect frontend reactjs-app

Lesson #9

# Create some networks
$ for net in $(echo frontend backend db); do \
    docker network create $net;              \
  done

# List networks
$ docker network ls

# Connect containers to relevant networks
$ docker network connect frontend reactjs-app
$ docker network connect frontend nodejs-api
$ docker network connect backend  nodejs-api
$ docker network connect backend  worker
$ docker network connect db       worker
$ docker network connect db       postgres

Lesson #10

Docker Compose

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

# Open docker-compose.yml

Lesson #10

version: "3"

services:
  [container 1 name]:
    [fixed image or build method]
    [ports to expose]
    [volumes to mount]
    [networks to mount]

  ...

volumes:
  [volume 1]:
    [mount mode and options]

  ...

networks:
  [network 1]:
    [mount mode and options]

  ...

...

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

# Spin up the complete app

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

# Spin up the complete app
$ docker-compose up

Lesson #10

# Install Docker Compose from
# https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

# Pull https://github.com/dockersamples/example-voting-app

# Spin up the complete app
$ docker-compose up

# Inspect containers for more details
$ docker inspect <container id>

Docker

Who Am I?

Website

VM vs Container

Let's get our hands dirty with Docker

Thank You

Getting started with Docker

Getting started with Docker

Ali Yousuf

Docker

Who Am I?

Website

VM vs Container

Let's get our hands dirty with Docker

Thank You

Getting started with Docker

More from Ali Yousuf