What is WebDriver?

 WebDriver is a tool for writing automated tests of websites. It aims to mimic the behaviour of a real user, and as such interacts with the HTML of the application.

Driving a browser natively as a user would do

object + actions = "real life" scenario

OBJECTS(WebElements)

Can be identified by:

• By ID

• By CSS

• By XPATH

• By Partial Link Text

• By Link Text

• By Name

• By Class Name

How to identify your web elements?

ID

driver.find_element_by_id("id_password")

CSS

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#move-target-{} > a.move-target.last-child")

XPATH

//div[contains(@class, 'article-heading')]
//input[starts-with(@id, 'text-')]

ACTIONS

What are the basic actions a user can do in a page?

• click
  
• selections
• type (submit forms)
  
• check options

API

Why writing your own actions on top of existent ones?

• you determine when test will fail
• logging your actions - know what happens
• more descriptive code

Ex

 def clickWebElement (self, by_what, wel_path, wait_time):
        tmpWEL = self.detectWEL(by_what, wel_path, wait_time)
        if tmpWEL is not False:
            tmpWEL.click()
            tmpWEL = None
        else:
            print "clickWEL method error: the element identified by %s was not found" %wel_path

 def typeText (self, by_what, wel_path, wait_time, text_to_type):
        tmpWEL = self.detectWEL(by_what, wel_path, wait_time)
        if tmpWEL is not False:
            tmpWEL.click()
            tmpWEL.clear()
            tmpWEL.send_keys(text_to_type)
            tmpWEL = None
        else:
            print "typeText method error: the element identified by %s was not found" %wel_path

Assertions

To do assertion right for this simple case, we have to remember the important principle of writing good assertions - The goal when testing an implementation is to achieve consistent reproducible results that accurately indicate the conformance of the implementation to the specification. In another word: the test assertion will fail if and only if the tested function is broken.

 assertEquals( "http://www.thoughtworks.com/technology", browser.getLocation() );
assertEquals( "Technology - www.thoughtworks.com", browser.getTitle());
assertEquals(browser.getText("/html/body/div[@id='container']/div[3]/p[1]/span"), 'Technology');

How to organize your test project?

PageObjects   The Page Object pattern represents the screens of your web app as a series of objects

Procedural   Specifying the steps the program must take to reach the desired state

Why Selenium WebDriver?