Why Classes Should Start NO Earlier than 9 a.m.

Presented by: Charis, Li Sheng, Melissa and Chanan

Background

High school typically starts at 7 a.m. while in university, classes start at 8 a.m.

Thesis Statement

Classes should start no earlier than 9 a.m. so students can obtain sufficient sleep hence increasing safety, promoting a healthier mind and body, as well as improving academic quality.

Outline of Speech

• Introduction (Charis)
• Sufficient sleep (Charis)
• Increased safety (Melissa)
• Healthy mind and body (Li Sheng)
• Improved academic performance (Chanan)
• Closing (Chanan)

If classes start no earlier than 9 a.m.,

students will be able to get enough sleep.

Imagine this...

(KnowYourMeme, 2017)

Facts about Sleeping

Adults (18 – 60 years old) need at least 7 hours of sleep every night (American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), 2017)

70% of university students do not get enough sleep each night (Hershner SD, 2014)

(Davis, 2017)

You can't force yourself to sleep early

Melatonin

►Controls your biological

► sleeping time

►It is a hormone produced when

►when you sleep in complete darkness

►Your brain starts secreting melatonin around 11 p.m.

►Production decreases as the sun rises, which naturally means it’s time for you to wake up

(Difassusa, 2017)

If classes start no earlier than 9 a.m.,

students' safety will be increased

Fewer occurrences of injuries during class and sports activities

• Less prone to get injured during sports

• Not careless when handling dangerous chemicals

(TPE Rugby, 2017)

(Kiriaki Kika, 2017)

Reduces acts of impulsion caused by sleep deprivation

• Carry the same effects as being drunk
• Inhibitions are lowered 
• May not think things through before acting

(Jackson, 2017)

(Black Friday, 2017)

Decreases the act of drowsy driving

• Would not have to drive while still sleepy 

• Reduce the amount of car accidents 

(Lilit K, 2017)

(Australind Driving School, 2017)

If classes start no earlier than 9 a.m.,

students will have healthier minds and bodies

Better mental health

People are 38% happier with an extra hour of sleep (Troxel, 2017)

Improves people's relationship

Less prone to mental illness

Better physical health

Students had to resort to beverages that contain caffeine or consume caffeine pills to keep themselves awake

High caffeine consumption may lead to negative health effects such as insomnia, nervousness, a fast heartbeat and muscle tremors (Medical News Today, 2015)

You get to have breakfast !

Breakfast is often described as the most important meal of the day

Having breakfast helps us to focus better, reduce morning crankiness and helps to lower cholesterol (symptomfind, 2016)

“Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper.”  (Adelle Davis, 1960)

If classes start no earlier than 9 a.m.,

academic performances will be improved

(Quizdell, 2017)

How?

• Improvement in Attendance Rates

(Perfect Attendance Rates, 2017)

Not Enough Sleep

Enough Sleep

Students with less sleep than required are four times more likely to be absent 

 School absences dropped by 25 percent in a district in USA

VS

(Hysing, Haugland, Stormark, Boe & Sivertsen, 2014)

(Troxel, 2017)

How?

Improvement in average student CGPA

Improved Cognitive Functions

1. Memory Consolidation
2. Learning
3. Decision-making
4. Critical Thinking 

Class Start Later → Students Sleep More

(Alhola & Polo-Kantola, 2007)

 Significant positive correlation between quantity of sleep with GPA

(Lowry, Dean, Manders, 2010)

A study shows that classes starting later than 8.30am have improved students' academic performance

Mediocre Lecturer vs Excellent Lecturer

(Troxel, 2017)

 (Edwards, 2012)

Solutions

• Feedback to the university
• Petition (online)
• Spread awareness of the importance of sleep

Conclusion

Classes should start no earlier than 9 a.m. so students can get enough sleep hence increasing safety, promoting a healthy mind and body, as well as improving academic quality.

References

6 Ways to Prepare for Black Friday ⋆ Black Friday 2017. (2017). Black Friday 2017. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://www.blackfriday2016.co.uk/6-ways-to-prepare-for-black-friday

Alhola, P., & Polo-Kantola, P. (2007). Sleep deprivation: Impact on cognitive performance. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treatv, 3(5). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2656292/

Breakfast: The most important meal of the day?. (2017). Sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878450X17300045

Bushak, L. (2017). Lose Sleep And You Could Lose Control, Too. Medical Daily. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from http://www.medicaldaily.com/sleep-deprivation-may-have-negative-effect-self-control-increasing-impulsivity-and-341438

Darien, I. (2017). Seven or more hours of sleep per night: A health necessity for adults - American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). AASM. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://www.aasmnet.org/articles.aspx?id=5596

Davis, C. (2017). 34 Proven Hacks For Better Sleep Tonight. Buzzist. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://buzzist.com/34-proven-hacks-better-sleep-tonight/

Dexter, D., Bijwadia, J., Schilling, D. and Applebaugh, G. (2003). Sleep, Sleepiness and School Start Times: A Preliminary Study. Wisconsin Medical Journal, [online] 102(1), pp.44-47. Available at: http://projectneuron.illinois.edu/sites/default/files/U3_L8_Supplement_DexterEtal2003.pdf [Accessed 6 Jun. 2017].Hysing, M., Haugland, S., Stormark, K., Boe, T. and Sivertsen, B. (2014). Sleep and school attendance in adolescence: Results from a large population-based study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, [online] 43(1), pp.2-9. Available at: https://teensneedsleep.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/hysing-et-al-sleep-and-school-attendance-in-adolescence-results-from-a-large-population-based-study.pdf [Accessed 6 Jun. 2017].

References

Edwards, F. (2012). Early to rise? The effect of daily start times on academic performance. Economics Of Education Review, 31(6), 970-983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.07.006

First World Problems. (2017). Know Your Meme. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/first-world-problems

Hershner, S., & Chervin, R. (2017). Causes and consequences of sleepiness among college students. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4075951/

Hysing, M., Haugland, S., Stormark, K., Boe, T., & Sivertsen, B. (2014). Sleep and school attendance in adolescence: Results from a large population-based study. Scandinavian Journal Of Public Health, 43(1), 2-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494814556647

Jackson, W. (2017). Where Does the Bible Condemn Gambling?. Christian Courier. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/1580-where-does-the-bible-condemn-gambling

K., L. (2017). The Best of Mr Bean – No Label Business Magazine. Nolabelbusinessmagazine.com. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://www.nolabelbusinessmagazine.com/entertainment/the-best-of-mr-bean/

Kiriaki Kika. (2017). atyourservice.com.cy. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://atyourservice.com.cy/user/profile/8124

Lowry, M., Dean, K. and Manders, K. (2010). The Link Between Sleep Quantity and Academic Performance for the College Student. The University of Minnesota Undergraduate Journal of Psychology, [online] 3(Spring 2010), pp.16-19. Available at: https://sites.oxy.edu/clint/physio/article/TheLinkBetweenSleepQuantityandAcademic.pdf [Accessed 6 Jun. 2017].

Murphy, P. (2017). Posts | Australind Driving School. Australinddrivingschool.com.au. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://australinddrivingschool.com.au/?page_id=47

References

Perfect Attendance Rates. (2017). Retrieved from http://moparent.com/Websites/moparent/images/500_Attendance_bracelets.jpg

Quizduell. (2017). Drawception. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://drawception.com/game/Nr2cBTdjXm/quizduell/

Research | Difass USA, Inc.. (2017). Difassusa.com. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from https://difassusa.com/pages/research

rugby, T. (2017). TPE rugby. Pearltrees. Retrieved 10 June 2017, from http://www.pearltrees.com/windtime/tpe-rugby/id14902335

Top 10 Benefits Of Eating Breakfast. (2017). Symptomfind.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from https://www.symptomfind.com/nutrition-supplements/benefits-of-eating-breakfast/

Troxel, W. (2017). Citations for "Why school should start later for teens". Ted.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from https://www.ted.com/talks/wendy_troxel_why_school_should_start_later_for_teens/citations

Whiteman, H., & Whiteman, H. (2017). Caffeine: how does it affect our health?. Medical News Today. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/271707.php