Dom Taylor

Religion and Social Work Librarian

Father Harold Drake Library and Elizabeth Dafoe Library

Catholic Studies Subject Guide

Citation

CATH 1190-A01

November 15, 2017

Survey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/LXQPH9W

Making sense of a library record

What are some parts of the catalogue record for Moss' (2013) book that are good to know?

Books

• Author(s): Moss, C.R.
• Publication date: 2013
• Title: The myth of persecution : How early Christians invented a story of martyrdom
• Publisher: HarperOne
• Location: New York, NY

What are some parts of the catalogue record for Kelley's (2006) article that are good to know?

Journal articles

• Author: Kelley, N.

• Publication date: 2006 (we had to do a bit of digging)

• Article title: Philosophy as training for death : Reading the ancient Christian martyr acts as spiritual exercises

• Journal title: Church History

• Volume # and issue #: 75(4)

• Pages: 723-747

• DOI (digital object identifier): 10.1017/S0009640700111813

• Peer Review/Refereed: Yes. It is listed near the top heading.  

Relationships, accountability, and conversation

• Information gains value through relationships (e.g., the more it is read and cited). Citation provides a way for you to relate to the information you are researching and, in turn, relate it to your audience. You are providing the information you are citing, as well as your own research, with more value by doing this. 

This only works if you cite sources that are credible and accurate! Citing disreputable and overly-controversial sources to support your views will usually damage your own credibility (even if your argument is ultimately correct).

!!!

Why cite?

• Citation is a way to be accountable to the author of the information you are citing (by providing acknowledgement) and to your readers (by providing tools for them to find out how you came to your conclusions). Since you are a researcher using these tools, it makes sense to return the favour.
• Academic conversation is enhanced by citation. Citation allows researchers to follow your train of thought. It also facilitates building on the ideas of others and engaging other researchers. In an online world, citations are tracked.

A few more reasons to cite

• Provides consistency in information (e.g., APA, MLA, and Chicago styles of citation)
• Gives readers familiar cues and clues to figuring out your ideas
• Helps with avoiding issues with academic integrity (e.g., plagiarism)

APA Style: Resources

• UoM APA Quick reference guide

• Our Subject Guide
• Citation Fox (University at Albany, SUNY) and OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue University)

= online

A. In-text citations (when you quote and/or paraphrase another work in your writing)

1. Direct quotations
2. Paraphrases/indirect mentions 

B. References (at the end of your paper)

All of the sources you cite in your article (with the exception of personal communications) should be listed in your References.

**Look at the resources listed in the above slide for more examples (e.g., how to cite sources with multiple authors and electronic sources)

APA Basics

Direct quotations/Quotes

• Quotes are fairly easy to use, but they don't necessarily show that you understand the author you are quoting.
• Sometimes the way an author worded an idea is worth quoting. This is a tricky thing to figure out. When in doubt: PARAPHRASE!

When you quote, you need to include the following information:

Author, date, page #  
(Moss, 2013, p.131)

Example: Moss (2013) argues, "The death of a Christian or group of Christians might be unjust, but it is not persecution as it has traditionally been defined" (p.162).

Paraphrases/indirect mentions

• Putting an author's writing into your own words AND structure with the intention of adding clarity and/or demonstrating understanding.
• Giving credit to an author's idea (e.g., sentence, paragraph, chapter or article) 
• Not just rewording. Not just reordering. BOTH + some insight.

Paraphrases should include the following information: 

Author, date, page #  
(Moss, 2013, p.131)

Author, date  
(Moss, 2013)

OR

** Although APA does not require page #s for paraphrases, it is good practice to include page #s when it is possible. Ask your instructors.

I need 3 volunteers (please)!

Paraphrasing exercise

(1) Author/Writer​

Make a statement about what is the best social media platform (Twitter vs. Instagram) and why. (Does not have to be your real opinion) 

(2) Researcher/Paraphraser

Try and paraphrase the author's statement. Try using your own words and try to highlight something about what they said.

(3) Person "marking" the paraphrase

Try and explain whether or not this worked as a paraphrase (provide some reasons). Are there any ideas that were missed?

Let's open this up to the group!

"The death of a Christian or group of Christians might be unjust, but it is not persecution as it has traditionally been defined"(Moss,2013,p.162).

Quote:

Paraphrasing example

"The death of a Christian or group of Christians might be unjust, but it is not persecution as it has traditionally been defined"(Moss,2013,p.162).

Quote:

Moss argues that we have to re-evaluate the standard understanding of the Christian persecution (2013,p.162). While Christians may have been maltreated,this does not mean they were technically persecuted (Moss,2013,p.162).

Paraphrase:

Paraphrasing example

• At the end of your paper
• Lists in full detail all of the sources you quoted AND/OR paraphrased
• Only include sources that you have quoted AND/OR paraphrased. Do not include things that you ran across, but did not incorporate into your ideas/writing. 
• Credit sources if you use any of their ideas (these should be paraphrased).
• Make sure you understand what you are citing!

Reference list

Moss, C.R. (2013). The myth of persecution: How early

Christians invented a story of martyrdom. New York, NY: HarperOne.

Book citation example

Kelley, N. (2006). Philosophy as training for death :

Reading the ancient Christian martyr acts as spiritual exercises. Church History, 75(4), 723-747. doi: 10.1017/S0009640700111813

Note:

If there is no DOI, add the following information after the page #s. "Retrieved from http://primo-pmtna01.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com.uml.idm.oclc.org/UMB:UManitoba:TN_cambridgeS0009640700111813"

This should not be hyperlinked in your list

Article citation example

What does an APA article look like?

• Often times you will re-use good sources in multiple assignments. This is fine, but don't plagiarize yourself!
• It is helpful to have an organized list of articles that you want to use.
• Instead of re-writing citations down every time you use them, there are tools that make this work easier! Some tools even extract citation information automatically from databases, books, and articles.

Keeping track of citations

Citation managers

Zotero

• Multiple citation styles available
• Keep a list of resources on your e-shelf and organize them into folders
• Attach PDF versions of articles
• Automatically create citations
• Plug-in for Word
• Open source/free

Library Catalogue

• Multiple citation styles available
• Keep a list of resources on your e-shelf and organize them into folders
• Free

Databases

• Not always an option
• APA style is not always available
• Sometimes you can create lists, but this is usually within specific database providers (e.g., EBSCO and ProQuest).
• Free through UoM

Questions?

Dom Taylor

Religion and Social Work Librarian

Father Harold Drake Library and Elizabeth Dafoe Library

Catholic Studies Subject Guide

dominique.taylor@umanitoba.ca

204-474-9184

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THANKS!!!

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