Gary Fixter - The physical preparation in professional soccer athletes

The physical preparation in professional soccer athletes from time to time evolves from the general preparation methods and specifies as well as the controls and evaluations that are carried out in the preseason, season and postseason.

Gary Fixter - The general peculiarities of soccer follow by which the coaches of Soccer rely heavily on their physical trainers so that both manage a single philosophy of the game, which depends on the right of the coach to be an aggressive team in attack, or to play to loan the ball and against hitting quickly to exercise superiority at the time of manage to define a play.

Physical preparation is the basis of any approach to the game, which is why it is important to carry out well-planned and executed controls and evaluations in the most professional way possible, in this way we will guarantee high performance when playing, but this does not guarantee that make you win games, there has a lot to do with the volitional acts and the technical tactical ability of each player.

Currently the semi-professional teams among their local leagues prepare in the best physical form that their resources allow, only that this preparation is traditional and not very effective according to current knowledge of general and specific physical preparation, for which this document it may raise a possibility of adapting to better directed, controlled and evaluated training.

Physical preparation in soccer is a directed, controlled, coordinated and evaluated process for the improvement and conditioning of all the physical values of the individual so that she can give the best response during the game.

The physical preparation establishes an improvement of the mobility of the individual and develops the special qualities of that mobility with the sporting demands that are being made. The content of physical preparation are determined by the age and fitness level of the individual and the athletic level. If we analyze a soccer team and distribute the work content according to the occupation area and within that area, the specific position held, we observe that the work or work content (expressed in participation time, meters traveled, actions hitting etc.) differs a lot between the members of the group.

The work carried out by a winger is not the same as a central defender, a midfielder than a midfielder, a forward center with a fixed position as a forward with freedom of movement, or in the same way the work carried out by a goalkeeper, for example. Therefore, the physical capacities to be developed are different but they must all have an aerobic base so that their development is optimal.

In modern football, physical training is aimed at versatile men. The contents are the same or very similar, leaving the specific to the tactical or technical part.

Influential factors in the sport motor result

Non-trainable factors

• Sports talent.

Trainable factors

• Basic Physical Qualities of the Subject.
• Technique.
• Tactics and Strategy.

Gary Fixter -Adaptation phenomena in training and main theories and principles

Adaptation process in training

Research has shown that the increase in the basic qualities of the individual through exercise should be considered as a particular case of adaptation of the body to the progressive increase in the development of the athlete.

This athlete depends on the intensity of the load of the unit of time, this being the one that determines the intensity of the stimulus and therefore the intensive reaction of the muscle.

The progressive increase in effort can be determined, as we have seen, by three variants: intensity, volume and complexity. It is essential to establish for each one of the sports specialties the relationship of the means and the methods.

Modern training tries to encompass all training factors simultaneously, because it has been shown that with specialized unilateral training, while progressing in one sector, returning in another, and the magnitude of this loss of general condition increases proportionally in relation to over time when only one specific activity is being performed.

Stages of preparation:

• General Conditioning.
• Competition.

There are no essential differences in the contents in terms of volume, intensity and complexity of the effort. As the sports season progresses, the time spent in training is increasing, because the volume of work and intensity are greater, in consequence the longer breaks.

• Recovery.
• Break.

Supercompensation principle

The adaptation process occurs in the period of time that elapses between two stimuli (Soviet School). The various stimuli to which the organism has to respond produce wear on it that must be replaced at the end of the work. The period from one work stimulus to another is designated as compensatory assimilation. Period to repair and restore the material lost by the activity. The most important thing is that not only is the "lost" replenished, but it creates a greater source of working energy than was previously possessed "extended restoration period".

It must be taken into account that the new stimulus must be applied when the effect of the previous one has not yet completely worn off. If the breaks between each work phase are excessively long, the individual will not progress. But if short breaks are applied, the individual will not reach the extended restoration period and the effect will be the opposite "loss of condition".

Gary Fixter - On the dynamics of efforts in training

The dynamics of efforts in training must be considered as the main factor in the positive evolution of the athlete's form.

The results obtained at the individual and team sport level do not correspond, most of the time, with an efficient distribution of loads and training times. In other words, there is no close relationship between the content, quantity and intensity of training and the demands of the competition.

Specific efforts cannot be interrupted for a long time, what's more, the current trend is for transition and rest periods to come together so that there is no interruption in the training process.

Routine and weak activities only waste energy, but hardly produce positive results.

It is precisely the assimilation of successively increasing stimuli in volume and intensity that allows some athletes to perform 8 or 12 weekly training sessions with work periods of up to 4 hours or more.

Most common forms of work used to comply with the dynamics of the efforts

• Increasing the volume of work.
• Increasing the intensity of effort.
• Increasing the complexity of the exercise or movement.

Carry out general training so that everyone is at an optimal level at the time of the games, however, in the specific preparation, specific work must be carried out depending on the position of each player, from the goalkeeper to the forwards, each position has its peculiarities.

There must be controls and evaluations that allow coaches to know the status of each player to get the most out of each of them.

The progressive increase in effort must be considered since it can be determined, as we have seen by three variants that go from intensity, volume and complexity