SCRUM
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scrum
By:
Ian Munene
Cornellius Ngondo
what is scrum?
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scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex projects.
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interesting fact: all sizes and complexity
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product may refer to a product, service or any other deliverable
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principles
processes
aspects
SCRUM FRAMEWORK
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what impacts projects?
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what impacts projects?
- time
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what impacts projects?
- time among others such as -
- cost
- scope
- quality
- resources
- organizational capabilities
- other limitations
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what impacts projects
successful implementation and good results has numerous and significant business benefits to an organization
to achieve this, choose and use an appropriate project management framework
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and thus scrum :-)
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so what is scrum?
- popular agile methodology
- adaptive, iterative, fast, flexible and effective
- ensures transparency in communication
- creates collective accountability and progress
- framework supports all sorts of projects
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why is scrum better than other project management techniques?
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scrumteams are?
Cross-Functional | Self-Organized |
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Empowered | use sprints |
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created
stakeholder meeting
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history of scrum
- developed in the 1980s - Hirotaka takeuchi and ikujiro Nonaka
- defined a flexible and all inclusive approach to product dev strategy
- described an innovative and holistic approach to product dev: a holistic/rugby approach
- from case studies in the industry then
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history of scrum
- product dev should not be a sequential relay race
- rather it should be analogous to the rugby game
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history of scrum
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history of scrum
features of scrum analogous to rugby are:
- to score, the team moves together
- to restart the game (after a try) the team huddles up again
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history of scrum
- later Jeff Sutherland and Ken Schwaber elaborated on the scrum concept and its applicability to software dev in 1995, Austin Texas (OOP conf)
- since then, constantly changing, being modified and refined by experts in various fields
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<why use scrum>
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Key
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highly adaptable
- iterative delivery and incorporating change on the stride
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customer centric
- customers have a say in literally every step/phase of the project
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continuous delivery of value
- iterative dev ensures quick shipping of deliverables as quickly as customer expects
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early delivery of value
- prioritized backlog ensures that the most urgent of customer req are met first
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continous feedback
- continous feedback is provided through daily standups
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transparency
- all resources such as sprint burndown chart and backlog board/scrum board are made public/shared with everyone
- leads to an open working environment
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transparency
- sprint review meetings demonstrate potentially shippable features/products keeping them fully involved and aware of project status
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continous improvement
- deliverables are always being improved from sprint to sprint
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sustainable pace
- people involved can work at a sustainable pace which in theory they can continue indefinitely
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effecient development process
- through minimizing non essential work and time boxing
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motivation
- through daily standups
faster prob resolution
- crossfunctional teams and daily standups ensure that problems can be identified and solved ASAP
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collective project ownership
- personalizes the project creating a feeling of need to push it to completion
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how fast and scalable is scrum?
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- to be effective, scrum teams should ideally have a total of six to ten members
- common misconception that its used for small projects only
- multiple scrum teams can be formed when members exceed ten e.g 2007 - 2009 (yahoo)
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who coordinates multiple scrum teams?
convene scrum of scrums process which:
- facilitates coordination among the teams
- enables effective implementation in larger/complex projects
- manages projects of different sizes spanning even different geographical locations
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what is a scrum of scrums
- meeting where all the scrums are rep
- reps provide details as to progress
- challenges encountered are discussed
- coordinate activities
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factors determining freq of the SoS meetings
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complexity of the projects
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size of the projects
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level of inter-team dependency
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Scrum Principles
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Scrum Principles
- they are the core guidelines for applying the scrum framework and should be used in all scrum projects
- they are non-negotiable which are they?
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empirical process control
the main ideas here are:
- transparency
- adaptation
- inspection
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self organization
- self organize rather than work under command and control
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collaboration
advocates PMgmnt as a shared value creation process
three core dimensions of collaboration
- awareness
- articulation
- appropriation (owning)
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value based prioritization
maximum business value (what is most urgent?)
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time boxing
describes how time is a limiting constraint in scrum
ensures sprint planning and coordination of activities. time boxed activities include:
- sprints
- daily standups
- sprint planning meetings
- sprint review meetings
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iterative dev
- how to better manage change
- how to build s/w that satisfy the customer
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scrum aspects
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organization
involves understanding defined roles and responsibilities
they are in two broad categories
- core roles (working on product, fully committed to project)
- non-core roles (nor responsibe for outcome of project) e.g stakeholders, vendors, scrum guidance body, chief product owner
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core roles
- product owner
- scrum master
- scrum team
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product owner
achieves maximum business value for the product
articulates customer requirements
represents the voice of customer
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scrum master
ensures scrum team is provided with appropriate env
guides, facilitates and teaches scrum practices
clears blockers
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scrum team
create the product deliverables
responsible for understanding and implementing the product owner's vision
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recap?
stand up and stretch :-)
- scrum principles?
- scrum aspects?
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scrum processes
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19 processes grouped into five phases brace yourselves
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initiate
project vision statement
- project vision statement is created
- product owner is established/identified
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initiate
scrum master, stakeholder identification
- scum master is identified
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initiate
form a team
- selection of team
- PO has the primary responsibility for selecting team (often collaborates with scrum master)
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initiate
develop epic(s)
- user stories are developed
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initiate
create a prioritized product backlog
- epics and unrefined user stories are refined to make a prioritized product backlog
- done criteria is established
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project plan & estimate
create user stories
- from the initiate phase (epics)
- written by PO to ensure customer reqs are understood and clear
- user stories are incorporated into prioritized product backlog
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project plan & estimate
approve estimate &commit epics
- estimation of the effort required
- should not be estimated in terms of hrs
- estimate by relative size i.e medium, large, small or fib sequence
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project plan & estimate
create tasks
- approved user stories broken down to tasks. task list created
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project plan & estimate
estimate tasks
- estimation of the effort required for each task (scrum core team in a task estimation workshop)
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project plan & estimate
create sprint backlogs
- scrum core team hold sprint planning meetings
- sprint backlog contains all work to be completed in the sprint
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implement
create deliverables
- scrum core team creates deliverables from sprint backlog
- scrumboard is used to measure and track activities being carried out
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implement
create daily standups
- same time, every day (religiously)
- discuss what was done to help the PJ on the prev day and what will be done today.
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implement
groom prioritized backlog
- prioritized product backlog is continiously updated and maintained
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review & retrospect
convene scrum of scrums
- where coordination is necessary for large projects
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review & retrospect
demonstrate & validate sprint
- demonstration of scrum deliverables
- intends to secure approval of features/product by the PO
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review & retrospect
retrospect sprint
- scrum team and scrum master meet to discuss lessons learnt
- lessons are documented to be applied to future sprints
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release
ship deliverables
- accepted deliverables identified and shipped
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release
retrospect project meeting
- scrum core team and stakeholders convene to retrospect project
- identify document and internalize the lessons learnt
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scrum vs traditional project management
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SCRUM
By ian munene
SCRUM
the scrum body of knowledge a guide to the use of the scrum methodology in the workplace
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