CSS ADVANCED

Display

The display property specifies the type of box used for an HTML element

Inline block

Position

The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element

There are four different position values:

static
relative
fixed
absolute

Elements are then positioned using the top, bottom, left, and right properties. However, these properties will not work unless the position property is set first. They also work differently depending on the position value.

static

HTML elements are positioned static by default.

Static positioned elements are not affected by the top, bottom, left, and right properties.

An element with position: static; is not positioned in any special way; it is always positioned according to the normal flow of the page:

relative

An element with position: relative; is positioned relative to its normal position.
Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position.
Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element.

Absolute

An element with position: absolute; is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed)
A "positioned" element is one whose position is anything except static
If an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors, it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling.

Fixed

An element with position: fixed; is positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled.
The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element.
A fixed element does not leave a gap in the page where it would normally have been located.

Positioning problems

1. If width or height absolutely positioned element is set to auto, its value will be determined by the width or height of the element's content. If the width or height declared explicitly, then this value will be assigned.

2. If there are positioned elements inside of a block with position: absolute and they have a float, the height of positioned element will be equal to the height of the highest of these elements.

3. For an element with position: absolute it is not possible to set a float property, but for the element with position: relative — possible. The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element.

Float and Clear

The float property specifies whether or not an element should float.
The clear property is used to control the behavior of floating elements.

Z-index

When elements are positioned, they can overlap other elements
The z-index property specifies the stack order of an element (which element should be placed in front of, or behind, the others)
An element can have a positive or negative stack order

Overflow

The overflow property specifies what happens if content overflows an element's box.

Hide element

Clip-path

The clip property lets you specify a rectangle to clip an absolutely positioned element

https://sarasoueidan.com/demos/css-svg-clipping/html-img-clipped-with-css-svg-clippath/index.html

http://bennettfeely.com/clippy/

Clip-path

Mask

Filter

filter: url(resources.svg);
filter: blur(5px);
filter: brightness(0.4);
filter: contrast(200%);
filter: drop-shadow(16px 16px 20px blue);
filter: grayscale(50%);
filter: hue-rotate(90deg);
filter: invert(75%);
filter: opacity(25%);
filter: saturate(30%);
filter: sepia(60%);

/* Using 2 and more filters */
filter: contrast(175%) brightness(3%);

/* Global values */
filter: inherit;
filter: initial;
filter: unset;

The filter property provides for effects like blurring or color shifting on an element’s rendering before the element is displayed. Filters are commonly used to adjust the rendering of an image, a background, or a border.

Filter

Task 0

Survive the task "Positioning" here

If you are confident in your abilities and sure you understand positioning very well, you can skip this exercise. If not, strongly recommend survive it!!!

Send

Task 1

Create such article block

The layout is flexible (its width is changed according to the browser width)

Task 2

Create such block

Using this layout

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Task 2</title>
</head>

<body>

    <div class="arrow-box">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, 
consectetur adipisicing elit. Praesentium soluta,
 enim assumenda nemo ullam ab cupiditate animi expedita est
 a quisquam quae nulla natus at inventore veniam, illo, vel debitis.</div>

</body>

</html>