Concurrency

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Basic terms

Concurrency

In computer science, concurrency is the ability of different parts or units of a program, algorithm, or problem to be executed out-of-order or in partial order, without affecting the final outcome.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrency_(computer_science)

Parallelism

Parallel computing is a type of computation in which many calculations or processes are carried out simultaneously.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_computing

Race condition

A race condition or race hazard is the condition of an electronics, software, or other system where the system's substantive behavior is dependent on the sequence or timing of other uncontrollable events. It becomes a bug when one or more of the possible behaviors is undesirable.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_condition

Race condition

Contention

In computer science, resource contention is a conflict over access to a shared resource such as random access memory, disk storage, cache memory, internal buses or external network devices. A resource experiencing ongoing contention can be described as oversubscribed.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_contention

Lock

In computer science, a lock or mutex (from mutual exclusion) is a synchronization primitive: a mechanism that enforces limits on access to a resource when there are many threads of execution. A lock is designed to enforce a mutual exclusion concurrency control policy, and with a variety of possible methods there exists multiple unique implementations for different applications.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)

Database Lock

Record locking is the technique of preventing simultaneous access to data in a database, to prevent inconsistent results.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_locking

Deadlock

In concurrent computing, deadlock is any situation in which no member of some group of entities can proceed because each waits for another member, including itself, to take action, such as sending a message or, more commonly, releasing a lock.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadlock

Deadlock

Starvation

In computer science, resource starvation is a problem encountered in concurrent computing where a process is perpetually denied necessary resources to process its work.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starvation_(computer_science)