WHAT IS IT?

Market access is an umbrella term for a number of measures that a country may use to restrict imports.
having market access ---> being able to import / export from/to other countries

Cotonou Agreement

treaty between the European Union and the ACP countries ( the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States )

EU provides duty-free access to its markets for ACP exports, but ACP countries also provide duty-free access to their own markets for EU exports.

With the production of rice exceeding 20 million tonnes this year, Bangladesh is now exporting surplus rice to the EU

----> diversifying it's economy

Due to strict quality regulations in European Union and insufficient standards in Bangladesh many products couldn't be exported

----> only beneficial for high quality producers ( not poor/rural )

China has achieved significant economic growth. But not distributed fairly across China’s regions

----> coastal regions were greatly promoted rural areas weren't

Chinas ,mostly rural, primary sector is struggling

-----> low prices to stay competitive

The country has been experienced an increase in secondary and tertiary market

---> stabilizing its economy

It should not be used in isolation but in conjunction with a range of other polices

But at the moment...

Rich nations may be prepared to open up their own markets, but still keep in place massive subsidies
Protectionist policies are one of the biggest barriers to free and open trade

SOURCES

http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2012/january/tradoc_148991.pdf

http://unctad.org/en/docs/poditctabm7.en.pdf

http://www.nber.org/digest/mar02/w8611.html